Electricity: Designing Circuits for 6 th Grade

Transcription

1 Ac(vity Guide Electricity: Designing Circuits for 6 th Grade Challenge: Discuss (5-10 minutes) Generate Ideas and Mul(ple Perspec(ves (instructor choice) Research and Revise (and Test Your MeIle) Ac(vity 1: Review Simple Circuits (5 minutes) Ac(vity 2: Introduce Schema(cs (5-10 minutes) Ac(vity 3: Build and Test Series and Parallel Circuits (15-20 minutes) Ac(vity 4: Test your meile (10 minutes) Go Public Revisit Challenge (5-10 minutes) Teacher Tips This ac(vity has many components/op(ons. You may not get to all of them during the alloied (me. Feel free to do the ac(vi(es that you wish to do. Please return the materials to the drawers as you found them. It is VERY helpful to bundle the jumper cables in groups of 7. The most common reasons that buzzers and lights bulbs not working: The clips on the jumper cables are not connected fully. The red and black wires on the buzzer are connected opposite the way they need to be. The bulb is not screwed in all the way. Teacher Prep Assemble materials from following page. Set up 6 bins of materials at each of the tables for 3-4 students per table/sta(on. Each bin will contain: 2 D- cell baieries 2 D- cell baiery holders 2 light bulb holders 2 light bulbs 1 buzzer 3 knife switches 7 jumper cables 4 Pens or pencils 4 copies of Electric Schema(c Symbols stored in the lower le] filing drawer in the mechanical room Materials for Circuits Materials : 12 D- cell baieries 12 D- cell baiery holders 12 light bulbs 12 light bulb holders 18 knife switches 6 buzzers 42 jumper cables (wires with alligator clips on each end) Pens/pencils or marker 6 copies Schema(cs for Electric Circuits Loca(on of all materials Drawer 3a1: 10 buzzers 28 mechanical pencils 30 light bulb holders 40 light bulbs Drawer 3a3: 36 D cell baieries 20 D cell baiery holders 42 jumper cables 20 knife switches 1

2 Worksheet Challenge Design and build a doorbell with two switches. The doorbell will buzz if one switch is closed. It will make a bulb light up when the other switch is closed. This is for a family with a hearing impaired grandparent and a sight- impaired daughter. You can use ONLY the following materials to design your doorbell. 7 jumper cables 2 D- cell baieries 2 D- cell baiery holders 1 light bulb 1 light bulb holder 1 buzzer Draw your schema(c first, then build the circuit. Label this schema(c Doorbell. Guiding Ques(on How can we design electric circuits and draw them with schema(cs? What is a parallel circuit? What is a series circuit? What is a schema(c? What is electricity? What is a closed circuit? What is an open circuit? Ac(vity 1 Review Simple Circuits (5 minutes) Simple Circuit 1 step 1 Insert 1 baiery into 1 baiery holder Make sure ends are together and + ends are together. Simple Circuit 1 step 2 Insert 1 light bulb into 1 light bulb holder Make sure that metal base plate of light bulb holder touches the end of the light bulb. Do not force the light bulb in- it is fragile! 2

3 Simple Circuit 1 step 3a Clip one jumper cable onto one end of baiery holder on the metal tab. Simple Circuit 1 step 3b Clip other end of same jumper cable onto light bulb holder at the round clip. Simple Circuit 1 step 4 Simple Circuit 1 step 5 Clip second jumper cable onto other Create a closed end of baiery holder on the metal tab. circuit by clipping remaining end of 2 nd jumper cable onto light bulb holder Does your light bulb light? If it does, disconnect everything. Trouble shoot (if light bulb does not light) Is baiery charged? Is light bulb in place (touching base plate of light bulb holder)? Is light bulb burnt out? Are jumper cables aiached to metal parts of light bulb holder and baiery holder? Are jumper cables working correctly? Is your circuit closed? Ac(vity 2: Electrical Schema(c Symbols (5-10 minutes) 3

4 Symbol for a light bulb Symbol for baiery Symbol for switch - closed Symbol for switch - open Symbol for a buzzer The red wire gets connected to posi(ve baiery terminal; black wire to nega(ve baiery terminal. Symbol for wire red black 4

5 Ac(vity 3 Series and Parallel Circuits (15-20 minutes) Series and parallel circuits Series circuit open and closed Parallel circuit open and closed Series circuit with a switch Series circuit with a buzzer Series circuit with a buzzer and light bulb Following this schema(c, create a series circuit This is the circuit 1 switch open This is the circuit closed Following this schema(c, create a parallel circuit What happens when you open one switch? 5

6 Use the schema(c below to create a series circuit with a switch This is what it looks like when the circuit is closed This is what it looks like when the circuit is open Build this circuit with a buzzer Make sure the red wire is connected to posi(ve and the black wire is connected to the nega(ve baiery terminal. This is what it should look like Draw a schema(c for this circuit with a buzzer and lightbulb. Label it Schema(c 1 on your worksheet 6

7 This is the schema(c: Ac(vity 4 Test your meile (10 minutes) Schema(cs Will the bulb light or not? Schema(c of a parallel circuit Three switches in this circuit Trace circuits to determine if light bulb is lit with alternate switches open Will the light bulb light? Why or why not? Look at this schema(c- trace the circuits Predict what would happen when you open switch 1 - which light(s) are lit? Predict what would happen when you open switch 2 - which light(s) are lit? 7

8 Predict what would happen when you open switch 3 - which light(s) are lit? Build the circuit and test your predic(ons. If (me permits. Go Public Revisit Challenge (5-10 minutes) Design and build a doorbell with two switches. The doorbell will buzz if one switch is closed. It will make a bulb light up when the other switch is closed. This is for a family with a hearing impaired grandparent and a sight- impaired daughter. You can use ONLY the following materials to design your doorbell. 7 jumper cables 2 D- cell baieries 2 D- cell baiery holders 1 light bulb 1 light bulb holder 1 buzzer Draw your schema(c first, then build the circuit. Label this schema(c Doorbell. Possible Schema(c for Solu(on One possible solu(on for challenge + _ Vocabulary Electricity the flow of electrons Electron nega(vely charged par(cles in an atom. Circuit a path along which electricity can pass. Usually includes a baiery or some source of power and wire to transmit the electricity. Closed circuit a circuit that allows the flow of electricity Open circuit a circuit that does NOT allow the flow of electricity Schema(c a drawing of an electric circuit or circuits that uses symbols to represent components of the circuit. Symbol simple drawing of an electrical component. BaIery a device that produces electricity from a chemical reac(on 8