Worm Gears. Direction of Rotation and Thrust Right Hand. Right Hand Worm and Gear. Single, Double, Quadruple Thread Worms G-57
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1 Worm Gears Originally, worm gearing was used to secure, by compact means, a large reduction of speed between driving and driven shafts with a proportionate increase (except for frictional loss) in the torque of the driven shaft. Worm gearing is still used for this purpose, and frequently the wheel is driven by a single-thread worm of such low helix angle that the drive cannot be reversed; that is the wheel cannot drive the worm as the gearing automatically locks itself against backward rotation. (*See note below.) Right Hand Worm and Gear Although a multiple-threaded worm when applied under like conditions is much more efficient than a single-threaded worm, it does not follow that the multiple-threaded worm should always be used. A single-threaded worm might be preferable when the most important requirement is to obtain a high ratio and especially if the worm must be self-locking. When power is the primary factor, the multiple-threaded worms should be used. Single, Double, Quadruple Thread Worms NOTE: SELF-LOCKING ABILITY There is often some confusion as to the self-locking ability of a worm and gear set. Martin worm gear sets, under no condition should be considered to hold a load when at rest. The statement is made to cover the broad spectrum of variables affecting self-locking characteristics of a particular gear set in a specific application. Theoretically, a worm gear will not back drive if the friction angle is greater than the worm lead angle. However, the actual surface finish and lubrication may reduce this significantly. More important, vibration may cause motion at the point of mesh with further reduction in the friction angle. Generally speaking, if the worm lead angle is less than 5, there is reasonable expectation of self-locking. Again, no guarantee should be made and customer should be advised. If safety is involved, a positive brake should be used. LUBRICATION is an important factor when using worm gearing. An increase in heat generated means a decrease in efficiency. The amount of power which can be transmitted at a given temperature increases as the efficiency of the gearing increases. MATERIALS for worm and worm gears are generally confined to steel for worms and bronze or cast iron for gears. When steel worms are run with bronze gears at high speeds, the worm is usually hardened with ground threads. Direction of Rotation and Thrust Right Hand WORM WORM WORM THRUST BRG THRUST BRG THRUST BRG THRUST BRG WORM WORM WORM WORM THRUST BRG WORM THRUST BRG WORM THRUST BRG WORM G-57
2 3 Pitch 2" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Single Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Wt. Hub (Inches) No. Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (App.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 18 W W 24 W S 30 W S 36 W S 54 W S S = SPOKE Steel 4 46' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Wt. Catalog Wt. Number Lbs. Number Lbs. Faces Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (App.) Hardened (App.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) (Inches) W WG Case hardened worms have ground and polished threads (Indicated by letter G in catalog number). Please Note: Stock Bore sizes on ground worms may be difficult to modify. G-58
3 4 Pitch 1 1 /2" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Single Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Wt. Hub (Inches) No. Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (App.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 W W W W W W S S = SPOKE Steel 4 46' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Wt. Catalog Wt. Number Lbs. Number Lbs. Faces Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (App.) Hardened (App.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) (Inches) W4 5.6 WG Case hardened worms have ground and polished threads (Indicated by letter G in catalog number). Please Note: Stock Bore sizes on ground worms may be difficult to modify. G-59
4 6 Pitch 1" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Single Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Wt. Hub (Inches) No. Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (App.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 W W W W W W W 60 W W Has 2 3 4" hub diameter and 1 1 4" hub proj. Steel 4 46' Helix Angle Worms Case hardened worms have ground and polished threads (Indicated by letter G in catalog number). Please Note: Stock Bore sizes on ground worms may be difficult to modify. G-60 Catalog Wt. Catalog Wt. Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (App.) Hardened (App.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W6 1.8 WG WH
5 6 Pitch 1" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Double Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Wt. Hub (Inches) Number Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (App.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 W620D PLAIN 24 W624D PLAIN 30 W630D W 40 W640D W Steel 9 28' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Number Pounds Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (App.) (Inches) Diameter (Inches) (Inches) W6D G-61
6 6 Pitch 1" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Quadruple Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Wt. Hub (Inches) Number Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (App.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 W620Q PLAIN 24 W624Q PLAIN Steel 18 26' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Wt. Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (App.) (Inches) Diameter (Inches) (Inches) W6Q G-62
7 8 Pitch 3 /4" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Single Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Number Pounds Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (App.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 W PLAIN 30 W W W W W W Steel 4 46' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Catalog Wt. Hub (Inches) Number Pounds Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (App.) Hardened (App.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W WG WH Case hardened worms have ground and polished threads (Indicated by letter G in catalog number). Please Note: Stock Bore sizes on ground worms may be difficult to modify. G-63
8 8 Pitch 3 /4" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Double Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Number Pounds Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (App.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 W820D PLAIN 30 W830D W840D Steel 9 28' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Catalog Wt. Hub (Inches) Number Pounds Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (App.) Hardened (App.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W8D 0.56 WG8D WH8D Case hardened worms have ground and polished threads (Indicated by letter G in catalog number). Please Note: Stock Bore sizes on ground worms may be difficult to modify. G-64
9 8 Pitch 3 /4" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Quadruple Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 W820Q PLAIN 30 W830Q Steel 18 26' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Cast Iron (Approx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W8Q WH8Q G-65
10 10 Pitch 5 /8" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Single Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron and Bronze Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Catalog Weight Number Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Number Lbs. Teeth Cast Iron (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style Bronze (Approx.) 20 W PLAIN WB W PLAIN WB W WB W W W W Steel 4 34' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (Approx.) Hardened (Approx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W WG WH Case hardened worms have ground and polished threads (Indicated by letter G in catalog number). Please Note: Stock Bore sizes on ground worms may be difficult to modify. G-66
11 10 Pitch 5 /8" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Double Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron and Bronze Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Catalog Weight No. Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Number Lbs. Teeth Cast Iron (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style Bronze (Approx.) 20 W1020D PLAIN WB1020D W1030D PLAIN WB1030D W1040D W1050D W 60 W1060D W Steel 9 5' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (Approx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W10D WH10D G-67
12 10 Pitch 5 /8" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Quadruple Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 W1020Q PLAIN 30 W1030Q W1040Q Steel 17 45' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (Approx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W10Q WH10Q G-68
13 12 Pitch 1 /2" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Single Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron and Bronze Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Catalog Weight Number Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Number Lbs. Teeth Cast Iron (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style Bronze (Approx.) 18 W PLAIN 20 W PLAIN WB W W W W W W Steel 4 46' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (Approx.) Hardened (Apporx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W WG WH Case hardened worms have ground and polished threads (Indicated by letter G in catalog number). Please Note: Stock Bore sizes on ground worms may be difficult to modify. G-69
14 12 Pitch 1 /2" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Double Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron and Bronze Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Catalog Weight Number Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Number Lbs. Teeth Cast Iron (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style Bronze (Approx.) 20 W1220D PLAIN WB1220D W1230D PLAIN 40 W1240D Steel 9 28' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (Approx.) Hardened (Approx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W12D 0.14 WG12D WH12D Case hardened worms have ground and polished threads (Indicated by letter G in catalog number). Please Note: Stock Bore sizes on ground worms may be difficult to modify. G-70
15 12 Pitch 1 /2" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Quadruple Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Cast Iron Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Number Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Cast Iron (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 W1220Q PLAIN 30 W1230Q PLAIN 40 W1240Q Steel 18 26' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs Number Lbs Face Pitch Bore Keyway Soft (Approx.) Hardened (Approx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. (Inches) W12Q 0.14 WG12Q WH12Q G-71
16 16 Pitch 5 /16" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Single Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Bronze Weight Hub (Inches) Number Catalog Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Number (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 WB PLAIN 30 WB WB WB W Steel 5 43' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Number Lbs Face Pitch Bore Soft (Approx.) Hardened (Approx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. WH WHG Case hardened worms have ground and polished threads (Indicated by letter G in catalog number). Please Note: Stock Bore sizes on ground worms may be difficult to modify. G-72
17 16 Pitch 5 /16" Face 14 1 /2 Pressure Angle Right Hand Double Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Bronze Weight Hub (Inches) Number Catalog Lbs. Pitch Bore Teeth Number (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 WB1620D PLAIN Steel 11 19' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Soft (Approx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. WH16D G-73
18 16 Pitch 5 /16" Face 20 Pressure Angle Right Hand Quadruple Thread (Stocked Right Hand Only) Bronze Weight Hub (Inches) Number Catalog Lbs Pitch Bore Teeth Number (Approx.) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. Style 20 WB1620Q PLAIN Steel 21 48' Helix Angle Worms Catalog Weight Hub (Inches) Number Lbs. Face Pitch Bore Soft (Approx.) (Inches) Dia. (Inches) Dia. Proj. WH16Q G-74
19 Worm Gears Ratio-Center Distance Listings With Approximate Horsepower and Torque Ratings for Hardened and Ground Worms With Bronze Worm Gears RPM of Worm Center Input-Output Input-Output Input-Output Input-Output Ratio Distance *Gear HP Torque HP Torque HP Torque HP Torque WB1620Q WB1220Q WB1020Q WB820Q WB620Q WB624Q WB1630Q WB1230Q WB1030Q WB830Q WB630Q WB529T WB1620D WB1220D WB1640Q WB1020D WB820D WB1240Q WB1040Q WB620D WB840Q WB640Q WB624D WB1650Q WB1250Q WB1050Q WB850Q WB650Q WB540T WB1630D WB1230D WB1030D WB1660Q WB830D WB1260Q WB630D WB1060Q WB860Q WB660Q WB550T WB WB672Q WB WB WB1640D WB * Ratings listed are for bronze worm gears operating with hardened and ground steel worms. For ratings of cast iron worm gears with hardened steel worm, multiply listed ratings by 30%. For cast iron with hardened and ground steel worm, multiply by 50%. Torque ratings in inch pounds. G-75
20 Worm Gears Ratio-Center Distance Listings With Approximate Horsepower and Torque Ratings for Hardened and Ground Worms With Bronze Worm Gears RPM of Worm Center Input-Output Input-Output Input-Output Input-Output Ratio Distance *Gear HP Torque HP Torque HP Torque HP Torque WB WB1240D WB1040D WB WB1680Q WB840D WB1280Q WB WB640D WB1080Q WB880Q WB680Q WB WB WB WB1650D WB1250D WB1050D WB16100Q WB850D WB12100Q WB650D WB10100Q WB8100Q WB6100Q WB WB WB WB WB WB WB1260D WB WB1060D WB860D WB660D WB WB WB WB672D WB WB WB WB WB1680D * Ratings listed are for bronze worm gears operating with hardened and ground steel worms. For ratings of cast iron worm gears with hardened steel worm, multiply listed ratings by 30%. For cast iron with hardened and ground steel worm, multiply by 50%. Torque ratings in inch pounds. G-76
21 Worm Gears Ratio-Center Distance Listings With Approximate Horsepower and Torque Ratings for Hardened and Ground Worms With Bronze Worm Gears RPM of Worm Center Input-Output Input-Output Input-Output Input-Output Ratio Distance *Gear HP Torque HP Torque HP Torque HP Torque WB WB1280D WB WB1080D WB WB880D WB WB680D WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB16100D WB WB12100D WB WB10100D WB WB8100D WB6100D WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB WB * Ratings listed are for bronze worm gears operating with hardened and ground steel worms. For ratings of cast iron worm gears with hardened steel worm, multiply listed ratings by 30%. For cast iron with hardened and ground steel worm, multiply by 50%. Torque ratings in inch pounds. G-77
22 Gear Standards Quality is the most important factor in buying a gear. We have established Standards and Tolerances to insure our customers of accurate, dependable and long-lasting gears. All gears are checked with precision pins to assure correct backlash and center distances. BACKLASH: All stock gears are checked between centers for backlash. The recommended backlash for mating gears when assembled is: 3 DP DP DP DP DP DP DP DP DP DP CONCENTRICITY of pitch line with bore (Total Indicator Reading) is held within: 3 DP DP DP DP DP DP DP DP DP DP Stock bores are reamed, honed or ground to a smooth finish and standard commercial tolerances or closer. For rust prevention on distributor s shelf and for better appearance when received by the user, all stock gears go through a special finishing process. They present a pleasing appearance when on display or on the shelf. They are not boxed. All gears are identified by part numbers. G-78
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