USDA's Extramural Investments in Sciences Supporting Development of Alternatives to Antimicrobials for Livestock

Transcription

1 USDA's Extramural Investments in Sciences Supporting Development of Alternatives to Antimicrobials for Livestock Gary B. Sherman, MS, DVM, PhD National Program Leader Veterinary Science & Animal Agrosecurity

2 NIFA- An Introduction Lead federal agency providing extramural funding for food and agricultural sciences Tripartite mission: research, extension, and education Funding opportunities exist for each of these three mission areas across over different 50 budget lines Mission Statement invest in and advance agricultural research, education, and extension to solve societal challenges. NIFA funding ~$1.5B annual budget Competitive & capacity funds

3 AMR-ATA Science at NIFA A Cross-Institute Initiative Inst. of Food Safety and Nutrition (IFSN) Food Safety Inst. of Food Production & Sustainability (IFPS) Animal Health and Production Inst. of Youth, Families & Community (IYFC) Inst. of Bioenergy, Climate and Environment (IBCE) Center for International Programs

4 NIFA s Many Topics Cont d

5 NIFA s Many Topics Cont d

6 Agriculture & Food Research Initiative AFRI $375 M Most ATA here

7 NIFA s principal means of Incentivizing is soliciting & funding best science Process begins with release by NIFA of a Request for Application (RFA ~ ~ Incentive).

8 NIFA Explanatory Notes 2017 As part of the President s National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria (CARB), USDA is... charged with development of practical mitigation strategies to limit or reduce the prevalence of AMR. In support of CARB, approximately $10,229,000 will support new grants that use a systems approach to investigate AMR and the microbiome of soil, air, water, production agriculture, and aquaculture.

9 AFRI FY 2015 Food Safety Program Challenge Area One of the 5 allowable RFA priority areas: Develop, evaluate, and implement effective and sustainable strategies, techniques, technologies or tools that mitigate emergence, spread or persistence of antimicrobial resistant pathogens within the agricultural ecosystem, in animals, in crops, and in food.

10 Agriculture & Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Food Safety Program Area ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS IN ANIMAL AGRICULTURE: IMPACTS ON ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF ENTERIC BACTERIA AWARD TOTAL: $800,000 INITIAL AWARD YEAR: 2013, TERM: 2017 INVESTIGATOR: Scott, H. M.; Nagaraja, TI, G.; Drouillard, JA, S.; Boerlin, PA.; Tokach, MI, D. PERFORMING INSTITUTION: KANSAS STATE UNIV MANHATTAN, KANSAS 66506

11 AFRI FY 2015 Animal Health and Disease Foundational RFA program priorities: Cellular, molecular, genomic/genetic or whole-animal aspects of animal health and disease, especially focusing on: Maintenance of homeostasis; Disease prevention (vaccines, diagnostics, enhanced innate or adaptive immunity, disease resistance or susceptibility, or management); or Therapeutic interventions for disease reduction/treatment (including alternatives to current antimicrobial treatments).

12 Agriculture & Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Animal Health Program Area UNIVERSAL FLU VACCINE BY A NOROVIRUS P PARTICLE PLATFORM AWARD TOTAL: $2,200,000 INITIAL AWARD YEAR: 2013 TERM: 2018 INVESTIGATOR: Lee, C. W.; Gourapura, R. J.; Jiang, X.; Tan, M. PERFORMING INSTITUTION: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY 1680 MADISON AVENUE WOOSTER, OHIO 44691

13 Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Program Area POLYVALENT VACCINES TO PROTECT POULTRY FROM AVIAN INFLUENZA AWARD TOTAL: $395,605 INITIAL AWARD YEAR: 2013, TERM: 2016 INVESTIGATOR: Pushko, P. PERFORMING INSTITUTION: Medigen, Inc Metropolitan Ct. Frederick, MARYLAND 21704

14 REPORT OF THE MEETING OF THE OIE AD HOC GROUP ON PRIORITISATION OF DISEASES FOR WHICH VACCINES COULD REDUCE ANTIMICROBIAL USE IN ANIMALS Paris, April 2015 Key Syndrome Primary Pathogen(s) Disease Ab Use Commercial Vaccine exists? Major Constraints to use of vaccine/vaccine Development Vaccine Research Priority Contagious Respiratory Infection in Swine (Zoonotic Potential) Swine Influenza Virus (secondary bacterial infections) High Yes Strain matching Vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) Lack of cross-protection Efficacy in piglets limited High

15 AFRI Animal Health Program Area Dual Purpose/Dual Benefit Collaboration GENERATION OF ZOONOTIC INFLUENZA RESISTANT RECOMBINANT PIGS VIA SITE-DIRECTED TECHNOLOGY AWARD TOTAL: $1,669,646 INITIAL AWARD YEAR: 2015, TERM: 2019 INVESTIGATOR: Telugu, B. PERFORMING INSTITUTION: UNIV OF MARYLAND COLLEGE PARK, MARYLAND 20742

16 An Innovative Alternative Strategy to Reduce Antibiotic Use Advanced genome editing techniques Delete host receptors to block viral entry Insert decoy genes to prevent virus from replicating Goals: - Produce Flu-resistant pigs - Prevent flu from spreading in pigs and from pigs to humans

17 Incenting Through Development of Strategic Partnerships Among US & International Funding Agencies Dual Purpose with Dual Benefit: NIFA & NIH Ecology & Evolution of Infectious Disease (EEID) NSF, NIH, NIH, UK US-UK Research Collaborative Animal Health and Disease Immune Reagents Network

18 US-UK Collaborative Animal Health & Disease & Veterinary Immune Reagents 2014 RFA priority language directly addresses ATA in livestock: Alternatives to current antimicrobials and anthelmintics used to treat disease in agricultural animals in BOTH the US and UK: o Strategies including but not limited to the following: antimicrobial peptides, prebiotics, probiotics, bacteriophage, modulators of innate and adaptive immunity, immune modulation, novel approaches based on gut microbiome and host interactions, or genetic resistance to disease, including classical animal breeding;

19 Gaining Perspective: Federal AMR Research Enterprise

20 Gaining Perspective: Federal ATA Research Enterprise Livestock-related ATA research

21 A Closer Look: Multi-agency Complementarity in ATA Livestock Research ARS: Novel therapeutic, diagnostic, and management strategies to reduce antibiotic use in poultry production (Huff, W.; 2013) NIFA: Alternatives to antibiotics in animal agriculture: Impacts on antimicrobial resistance of enteric bacteria (Scott, H. et al. Kansas State University, $800,000; 2013) NSF (I-Corps): Producing antimicrobial peptides to replace antibiotics in animal feed (Martin, M, University of Maryland, $50,000; 2012)

22 Potential ATA R&D Disincentives - NIFA Limited dedicated extramural funding for livestock ATA R&D low funding success rates Sense that ATA R&D is lower priority due to systems and ecology explanatory language Prioritized in RFA, but fear not truly competitive because product development viewed negatively by peer panels. Livestock-specific ATA R&D is unrealistic: matter of ATA definition & creativity R&D Pipeline is long & challenging

23 Potential ATA R&D Incentives - NIFA Global & Hemispheric Mandates: Global Health Security Agenda (GHAS), Pan American Health Org (PAHO) Multiple US Federal Mandates: President s Executive Order, Combatting Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria (CARB) National Strategy and Action Plan, and USDA Action Plans with which NIFA aligns advocates for livestock ATA R&D. Significant AMR-dedicated funding proposed in last three President s proposed budgets.

24 Potential ATA R&D Incentives NIFA Cont d Record of past ATA R&D cross-institute and cross-program support in virtually all competitive and capacity grant programs administered by NIFA. Momentum to collaborate and synergize is strong and growing: Global, Federal Gov t, One Health Initiative, Assoc. of Public & Land-Grant Universities (APLU) prioritization, awareness of General Public.

25 Prioritize It, Fund it, Compete It,.. and Outstanding Innovative Science Will Result!

26 Mervalin Morant, PhD National Program Leader Food Safety Gary B. Sherman, MS, DVM, PhD National Program Leader Veterinary Science & Animal Agrosecurity