Implement schemes for rural development Improve the coverage and quality of infrastructure facilities in rural areas

Transcription

1 General: Andhra Pradesh lies between 12 o 41' and 22 o longitude and 77 o and 84 o 40' latitude. It is bounded by Madhya Pradesh and Orissa in the north, the Bay of Bengal in the east, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka in the south and Maharashtra in the west. Andhra Pradesh is the third largest state in India and it forms the major link between the north and the south of India. It is the biggest and most populous state in the south of India. There are three main regions in Andhra Pradesh - (1) Northern Circars or coastal Andhra comprising Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, Guntur, Ongole and Nellore districts; (2) Rayalaseema or Ceded districts comprising Kurnool, Cuddapah, Chittoor and Anantapur districts; and (3) Telangana comprising Khammam, Nalgonda, Warangal, Karimnagar, Medak, Nizamabad, Aadilabad, Mahbubnagar and Hyderabad districts. The Circars or Coastal districts are well developed and enjoy a greater degree of affluence than the other two regions; Rayalaseema is close to the coastal districts and here rainfall is less than in the coastal districts and drought conditions prevail sometimes, and the Telangana region is of the former princely state of Nizam's Hyderabad, which is close to Maharashtra's Marathwada region and some parts of Karnataka. Andhra Pradesh is one of the agriculturally rich and food grains surplus states of the country and it makes its surplus rice available for consumption in other states. The state is the largest producer of rice in India. It is also the leading producer of cash crops like Tobacco, Groundnut, Chillies, Turmeric, Oilseeds, Cotton, Sugar and Jute. Its tobacco is noted for its high quality and much of it is exported, although there is a world wide movement against smoking. Millets, groundnuts, cotton, jowar and ragi are the principal crops of the state. Pulses of all kinds are also widely sown in the state. The state also produces some of the finest varieties of Mangoes, Grapes, Guavas, Sapotas, Papayas and Bananas. About 70% of the workforce in the state is dependent on agriculture and more than a third of the state's gross domestic product is derived from the out put of the earth through agriculture. Land

2 holdings are small and this led to a violent communist movement in the year around independence. The states forest cover accounts for 24% of the total landmass of Andhra Pradesh, although it is unevenly distributed. Teak is the most important forest product in the Telengana region and this is in plenty in the Kurnool forest too. With a friendly investment atmosphere, the State has become an attractive choice for investment. One of the main Industrial area in Andhra Pradesh is HITEC city, a technology township in Hyderabad. The Hyderabad Information Technology Engineering Consultancy City (HITEC City) the largest Information Technology park in India, spread in 151 acres, offers world class state-of-the-art IT infrastructure under one roof to companies operating in the field of IT services, IT enabled services, Telecom, Engineering Consultancy and related services. Shilparamam, also in Hyderabad, located in Madhapur 14 km off the city HITEC city is an arts and crafts village, which plays host to the countless traditions of arts and crafts of India. It stands to preserve the dying art forms. The other industries in the large scale sector consist of sugar mills, spinning and textile mills, electrical, paper and cement manufacturing units. In the small scale sector there are pesticides and insecticides production, engineering workshops, automobile units and repairs, chemical industries, utensils manufacturing, wooden furniture, electrical items, cotton ginning and edible oil etc. The mineral wealth of Andhra Pradesh consists mainly of asbestos, barytes, coal, chromite, iron ore, kyanite, mica and china clay. There occurs other minerals in small quantity in some areas although limestone occurs extensively. The crysotite kind of asbestos is found only in Andhra Pradesh. It is spun into yarn and woven into fireproof cloth. This mineral occurs mainly in Cuddapah. Coal occurs in a broad belt in the Godavari basin covering Adilabad, Karimnagar, Khammam, Warangal and West Godavari districts. PRI in Andhra Pradesh: Andhra Pradesh Panchyat Raj (Amendment) Act, 1998 (Act 7 of 1998) received the assent of the Governor on the 12 th January, AS per this Act, a three tier system with Gram Panchayats at village level, Mandal Parishads at middle level and the Zilla Parishads, at district level. A village shall ordinarily consist of a habitation or a group of habitations or a hamlet or a group of hamlets thereof comprising a community or communities and managing their affairs in accordance with traditions and customs. Every Gram Sabha shall be competent to safeguard and preserve the traditions and customs of the people, their cultural identity, community resources and without detriment to any law for the time being in force, the customary mode of dispute resolution. They will approve plans, programmes and projects for social and economic development before such plans, programmes and projects are taken up for implementation by the Gram Panchayat, at the village level and will be responsible for the identification of selections of persons as beneficiaries under poverty alleviation and other programmes. Every Gram Panchayat shall obtain from the Gram Sabha a certification of utilisation of funds by that Panchayat for the plans, programmes and projects referred to in sub-section (2). Headed by the Commissioner of Panchayat Raj, the Department of Panchayat Raj and Rural Development is responsible for planning and execution of programs for rural development. The main functions of the Department are as follows: Implement schemes for rural development Improve the coverage and quality of infrastructure facilities in rural areas

3 Make provision to provide clean drinking water Execute minor irrigation and poverty alleviation programs The Department is implementing several schemes to improve living conditions of people in rural areas and to create economic awareness in rural areas. Some of these schemes include: Rural Water Supply Rural Sanitation Jawahar Gram Samrudhi Yojana (J. G. S. Y) Community Development Construction of Mandal Buildings Construction and maintenance of rural roads Employment Assurance Scheme (E. A. S.) BSLLD in Andhra Pradesh : Nellore district has been selected for the pilot scheme on Basic Statistics for local level Development. Financial assistance of ` /- was released to the Directorate of Economics and Statistics for implementation of the pilot scheme. The PRI is very effective in Andhra Pradesh, the data were collected by the Panchayat Secretaries.

4 Most of the data are available with the village level functionaries. There are 1247 villages in Nellore District where the pilot scheme was covered. There are 1,22,233 items for village schedule A for the district of which 70,531 items (58%) were collected from Panchayat Secretary(Source Code-1), 26,053 items (21%) from the Patwary( Source code-4), 14,290 items(12%) from the local school(source Code-6), and 7639 items (6%) from ANM/ Health worker (Source Code-3), Interestingly only 34 items are compiled from knowledgeable persons ( both female and male) which comes out to be only 0.028%. This means 99.97% of the items are complied from village officials. The other village schedule- B consists around 77 items and schedule was compiled for 3 months. A total of 49,244 items were compiled for village schedule B, of which, 20,457 items (42%) were collected from Panchayat Secretary(Source Code-1), 24,257 items (49%) from ANM/ Health worker (Source Code-3), 2995 items(6%) from PHC/Sub-centre/ Hospital (Source Code-8), and only 3 items are compiled from knowledgeable persons ( both female and male) which comes out to be only 0.006%. This means % of the items are complied from village officials. Most of the data are available with the village level functionaries. Panchayat itself is a good source of data for most of the blocks. The officials of the line departments at different levels are very cooperative in providing data/information. The Panchayati Raj Institutions(PRI) are very close to the people at the lowest level and it is a hub for all information of the concerned Panchayat. Even if some data are not available in the PRI itself, they are in a position to identify the data source. Again, as it is a meeting place for the village people, if some data are collected without records, probability of getting correct information is very high. Therefore, Panchayat Secretary is the most suitable person to compile the village level data. The DES, Andhra Pradesh is playing a very important role in organizing the pilot by coordinating the line departments at district, block and village level. They also organized the field level training programme to maintain quality and uniformity alongwith other important works, Translation,Printing and distribution of Schedules and Instruction Manual, Coordination with line departments, Issue of Instructions alongwith time schedule, Scrutiny of filled in Schedules and rectification of discrepancies, Compilation of collected data, Data entry in the software and generation of reports, Submission of reports to CSO. Some Specific Comments of the DES Andhra Pradesh has been placed in the following table: Table-AP(I) Sl.No. Specific observable Points 1 Comments about the instruction manual and trainings imparted. 2 Are the data available where they are supposed to be? If not, are they totally missing or available at some other place where it is not supposed to be lying. For Comments of the DES,AP - No comments about the instruction manual. - Trainings to be conducted at District level along with Line Departments and each Mandal level with all Mandal/Village level Officers two times (1) First time at the beginning of the Survey (2) Second time during the canvassing time. Detailed report, Block wise in Annexure-A attached Block: 12 Needs clarification

5 example, data for the Block-9 (Land utilization) are expected to be in the records maintained by the revenue officials (Mandal/Patwary etc.). If not, they where are they reported? 3 What are the types of the sources? Registers for different subjects /computer files, or some other documents etc. 4 Whether these data are maintained properly and regularly updated? Physical condition of the records. Retrievability 5. What is the periodicity for recording? If not recorded periodically, who is responsible for that and what are the reasons? A. Sources are 1) Village Revenue Officers 2) Panchayat Secretaries 3) Mandal Statistical Officer 4) Veterinary Doctors 5) Primary Health Centre Officials 6) Auxilary Nursing Midwife 7) Local Doctors 8) Mandal Education Officers 9) Village Sarpanch and Knowledgeable Persons etc. B. Registers maintained are Manually Yes. - 80% data was maintained properly -Manually 1) Health related & Anganwadi particulars are collected every month 2) Other data was collected an annual basis 6 How much of data are available in the Panchayati Raj Institutes? Give the percentage? In what form data are maintained in PRIs? How often are they updated? Who are the persons recording and updation work? What is their level of education and training? Do they have required infrastructure for doing the statistical work? 25% Government Registers/Manuals Annually Panchayat Secretaries 50% of the Panchayat Secretaries are Graduates. Panchayat secretaries are competent in compiling data.however they need proper training. 7 How the supervision work is being done? Is there any evidence that the data has been supervised? 8 What is the mode and mechanism of coordination among different functionaries? Office Data compilation are supervised by the DES Staff. 25% Grampanchayat Office available at each Grampanchayat

6 House keeping arrangements Computer, etc. Available Available only at e-panchayats 9 What are available infrastructures for the village level functionaries? 10 Is there any shortage of man power at any level? 11 Association of the DES officers with the PRIs? 12 Data elements at village level that are not recorded or are difficult to capture? What is the problem in doing so? 1) Panchayat Office 2) 2) Computer facility is available in Major Grampanchayats 50% of Panchayat Secretary and 25% of Mandal Statistical Officers posts are vacant in 3 Districts i.e., Nellore, Chittore and Warangal --Vo-operative Since it is Pilot Study, the Directorate of Economics and Statistics has conducted training programme to Mandal parishad Development Officer, E.O. (PR&RD), Panchayat Secretary, Village Revenue Officer and ICDS Anganwadi workers who are maintaining the basic data registers pertaining to their line deparmtnts. The Panchayat Secretary was advised to collect the data from the extent available. Data entry part is taken care by D.E. &S. For periodical updation and maintaining quality of this data, the field officers of statistics department assistance will be very much required. For Revenue village as a unit there is no problem for data collection. When a revenue village is having wo or more Panchayats then it is difficult to bifurcate the data like land utilization, number of operational holdings etc., and proportionate figures can only be recorded. 13 Comments about village schedule Village Schedule A&B are to be redesign to what accurate data is available with Mandal/G.P./Village/Habitation level line Departments --Revised/Modified Village Schedule is also enclosed. 14 Whether these data have ever been used for any purpose at any point of time? At PRI/Block/District/State level. 15 What will be the most appropriate time period to collect these data? 16 How much time may be required to complete the full year data? 17 What are the good practices observed at any level of data management and compilation? --Yes-- Schedule A ---Once in year and Schedule B Quarterly once 30 days for each Schedule A and 15 days for each Schedule - B 1. For data collection use the services of the Anganwadi Primary Workers, who are maintaining the basic data register for each habitation level are

7 18 Any other issues you feel important for this pilot work with particular reference to Data coverage and redundancy Reference time Collection/compilati on & data processing used 2. In D.E&S a cell may be created with one Joint Director, Deputy Director, Assistant Director and 2 to 3 supporting staff. 3. The State Chief Secretary may be requested to constitute a state level and District level Co-ordination committee duly nominating all relevant Secretaries to Govt/HODs/District level officers supplying data at gross root level. Data coverage of items to be expanded and elaborately Financial Year (April to March) Schedule A January and Schedule B Quarterly (April, july, October and December) Data is available at G.P. level and Revenue village level. - June month for Usefulness Coordination management and Yes. To strengthening Village level plants at District and Mandal level. Asstt. Statistical Officer at mandal level will co-ordinate & Supervise. To the Statistical Personnel supervising the work at Block/Mandal level, computer may be provided to store/update the data periodically. Sustainability, etc. 19. Possibility of estimating certain types of outcome indicators on the basis of the data collected. Yes, the feasibility of using small area estimation techniques for estimating socioeconomic variables at the village level. Need to identify the minimum information and data required for planning and decision making at the district level.

8 ANNEXURE-A (i) Availability of the data required to be compiled and their sources. SCHEDULE-A Source Block-2 Data available Village Revenue Officer/Village headman/village Servant Block-3 Data available Village Revenue Officer/Panchayat Secretary Block-4: Data available Village Revenue Officer/panchayat Secretary/ Village Servant/mandal Education Officer. Block-5: 5.1&5.2 As per the Ratio of District figures the village wise data was arrived Data available Panchayat Secretary/V.R.O. 5.4 Not available Information is collected orally from Knowledgeable person 5.5 Data available Tahsildar/Civil supplies Block-6 Data available Primary health Centre /CommunityHealth Centre Local Doctor/V.R.O. Panchayat Secretary Block-7 Data available Local Doctor Block to 8.4 As per the Ratio of district figures the Village wise data was arrived. 8.5 to 8.22 Data available Mandal Education Officer Block-9 Data available Village Revenue Officer Block-10 Data available Veterinary Doctor Block-11 Data available Village Revenue Officer Block-12 Not available Information is collected orally from the knowledgeable persons SCHEDULE-B

9 Block 22: Data available Auxiliary Nursing Midwife Block-23: 23.1 to Data available Primary health Centre/Local Doctor to 23.13: Age group wise marries male and female persons not available. Information is Collected orally from the knowledgeable persons. Auxiliary nursing Midwife/Panchayat Secretary/Village Re Data available Primary health Centre Block-24 Data available Village Revenue Officer Block25 Data available Panchayat Secretary Block 26 Data available Panchayat Secretary