Understanding and Configuring Password Manager for Maximum Benefits

Transcription

1 Understanding and Configuring Password Manager for Maximum Benefits Written by Chris Radband, senior professional services consultant, Dell Software Introduction About Password Manager The pain of password management the single most common support issue is becoming more pervasive. The need to require more complex passwords that must be changed more frequently increases the likelihood that users will forget their passwords. As a result, increasing security often also increases support costs. Password Manager provides a simple, secure set of password management utilities that allows end users to reset forgotten passwords and unlock their user accounts themselves. Therefore, administrators can implement stronger password policies while reducing help-desk workload. Password Manager accommodates the widest possible range of organization requirements and data security standards.

2 Dell Password Manager, a part of the Dell One Identity products from Dell Software, enables users to securely reset forgotten passwords and unlock their accounts themselves, so administrators can implement stronger password policies without adding to the help-desk workload. This technical brief describes Password Manager s system requirements and logical architecture, and discusses key configuration decisions to help you derive maximum value from the solution. Benefits Password Manager offers the following benefits: Reduced costs Enabling users to reset their own passwords reduces help-desk workload and related support costs. Users who forget their passwords can get back to work faster, with less frustration, which curbs productivity losses. Increased security When users know they can reset their own passwords, they are less likely to write them down. Enabling stronger password policy makes password guessing and break-ins more difficult. Streamlined administration Password policies are easy to implement and enforce. Administrators can easily track and report on all password reset activity. Administrators have granular control over password policy in Windows 2008 at a per-group level rather than for the entire domain. Ease of use Password resets are easy through an optional Graphical Identification and Authentication DLL (GINA) extension. Forgets password Locked out of account Manages passwords Help Desk Verify account Verify user identity Authenticate user Help desk Enforce enrollment Define questions Enforce corporate policies Enforce password history Define password policies Reset forgotten password Monitor activity Manage password change Security administrators Investigate alerts ActiveRoles Server & Identity Manager Integration Password Synchronization with Quick Connect Unlock account Log activity Alert of suspicious activity Integration with Defender **** Integration with Enterprise Single Sign-on Figure 1. Password Manager enhances security and reduces costs by enabling users to reset their own passwords. 2

3 System requirements Basic requirements Platform Memory 800 MHz or higher Intel Pentium-compatible CPU (Quad core recommended) At least 128 MB RAM (256 MB recommended) (4+ GB recommended) Hard disk space 100 MB ( 20 GB recommended ) Operating system Internet Information Server One of the following: Microsoft Windows Server 2003 (32-bit edition) with Service Pack 1 or later Microsoft Windows Server 2003 (64-bit edition) with Service Pack 1 or later Microsoft Windows Server 2008 (32-bit edition) with Service Pack 1 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 (64-bit edition) with Service Pack 1 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 (recommended) Microsoft Windows Server 2012 One of the following: Microsoft Internet Information Server 6.0 Microsoft Internet Information Server 7.0 Microsoft Internet Information Server 7.5 Microsoft Internet Information Server 8.0 It is strongly recommended that you use HTTPS with Password Manager. For more information, see the Quick Start Guide. Browser Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0 or 10.0 SQL Server Microsoft.NET Framework Acrobat Reader One of the following: Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 (recommended) Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Report definitions included with Password Manager 4.7 are designed to support the functionality of Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services and Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Reporting Services. Note: If SQL is to be hosted on the Password Manager server, these specifications should be increased. Microsoft.NET Framework 3.5 SP1 Microsoft.NET Framework 3.5 SP1 is included with the Password Manager distribution package. You must install.net Framework 3.5 SP1 before you install Password Manager. Acrobat Reader 5.0 or later Acrobat Reader 7.0 is included with the Password Manager distribution package. Password Manager works with Windows 2000, 2003 and 2008 domains, including domains operating in a mixed mode. Client requirements Ensure that each client computer meets the following minimum software requirements: Client requirements Browser One of the following: Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 or 9.0 Mozilla Firefox 3 Apple Safari 5 Google Chrome 7 3

4 Domain controller requirements To be able to implement password policies in an Active Directory domain managed by Password Manager, you must deploy the Password Policy Manager component on all domain controllers in the managed domain. The domain controllers where you plan to install the 32-bit or 64 bit-version of Password Policy Manager component must meet the following requirements: Domain controller requirements Operating system One of the following: Microsoft Windows 2000 Service Pack 4 Microsoft Windows Server 2003 (32-bit or 64-bit edition) Microsoft Windows Server 2008 (32-bit or 64-bit edition) Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Hard disk space 5 MB of free hard disk space Target computer requirements To allow password resets from the Windows logon screen, you must deploy the Secure Password Extension on all target computers in the managed domain. The target computers must meet the following minimum software requirements: Target computer requirements Operating system One of the following: Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Service Pack 4 Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional Service Pack 4 Microsoft Windows XP Professional Service Pack 2 or later Microsoft Windows Vista Microsoft Windows 7 Browser Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 or 9.0 We do not recommend use of any plug-ins for Microsoft Internet Explorer on computers where you plan to deploy Secure Password Extension, since the plug-ins extend Internet Explorer functionality and could pose security threats. SQL sizing Database size estimation is based upon the number of records stored. An estimation of size can be generated using the following information and is primarily based upon user count: Generic user activity (such as enroll, password reset or unlock database) per 1000 users is estimated at less than 3 5 MB. For example, if password reset rate is 10 per day, then database growth will be in the region of 30 50k per day, or about MB per month. Reporting data is also stored in the database. No sizing estimate is available, but this is expected to be less than the user activity estimates above. For more information, see Dell Support Solution

5 LAN DMZ External Active Directory Internal firewall Port 25 SMTP External firewall SQL reporting services QPM/IIS server Internet SQL Server QPM traffic 53-DNS 80-HTTP 88-Kerberos 139-NetBios 443-HTTPS 445-MS DS 636-S/LDAP 3266-AD GC 1433-SQ HTTPS 443-HTTPS Figure 2. Logical architecture Logical architecture Placement of the Password Manager server (which hosts IIS) and the SQL components (which can alternatively be hosted on the Password Manager server) is shown in Figure 2. Firewall ports Hosting Password Manager in the DMZ requires ports to be open into the LAN, as shown in Figure 3. LAN DMZ External QPM traffic HTTPS Active Directory Internal firewall IIS QPM External firewall Internet Open firewall ports: 53-DNS 80-HTTP 88-Kerberos 139-NetBios* 389-LDAP* 443-HTTPS 445-MS DS* 636-S/LDAP 3266-AD GC Open firewall ports: 443-HTTPS * All communications through http port 80 can use https port 443. ** SQL connection uses a dynamic port (TCP 1816 SQL TCP Dynamic Port, to SQL) which is selected by SQL. Figure 3. Firewall ports 5

6 Several processes participate in communications. Some of them directly belong to Password Manager, and some are helpers used by Password Manager. Password Manager Server (Add Domain\Create QA profile\change Password\Reset Password) Svhost.exe in TCP 80 (HTTP) Lsass.exe out UDP 53 (DNS) W3wp.exe out UDP 53 (DNS) W3wp.exe out UDP 389(LDAP) to DC W3wp.exe out TCP 389(LDAP) to DC W3wp.exe out TCP 636(LDAPS) to DC Lsass.exe out TCP 88 (Kerberos) to DC Lsass.exe out UDP 88 (Kerberos) to DC QPMSERVICE.exe out UDP 389(LDAP) to DC QPMSERVICE.exe out TCP 389(LDAP) to DC Svhost.exe out ICMP SQL connection W3wp.exe out UDP 1434 (SQL) to SQL W3wp.exe out TCP 1816 (SQL TCP Dynamic Port) to SQL QPMSERVICE.exe out TCP 1816 (SQL TCP Dynamic Port) to SQL Report Server W3wp.exe out TCP 80 (HTTP) to Report Server W3wp.exe out TCP 25 (SMTP) to SMTP server QPMSERVICE.exe TCP 25 (SMTP) to SMTP server Secure Password Extension (SPE) Winlogon.exe out TCP 389(LDAP) to DC LSASS out UDP 88 (Kerberos) to DC SPEnroll.exe out TCP 389(LDAP) to DC Winlogon.exe out TCP 80 (HTTP) to QPM host SPEHtml.exe out TCP 80 (HTTP) to QPM host For more information For more information about the ports used by Password Manager, see Dell Support Solution Service account requirements Password Manager service account When you install Password Manager, you are prompted for the name and password of the Password Manager service account. For Password Manager to run successfully, the Password Manager service account must meet the following requirements: You need to add the Password Manager service account to the Administrators group on the web server where Password Manager is installed. In IIS 6.0, the Password Manager service account must be a member of the IIS_WPG local group on the web server. In IIS 7.0, Password Manager service account must be a member of the IIS_IUSRS local group on the web server. Permissions to access a managed domain Usually, the Password Manager service account is used both to run the service and to access managed domains. In that case, the following permissions are required by the service account: Membership in the Domain Users group Read permission for all attributes of user objects Write permission for the following attributes of user objects: pwdlastset, comment, and useraccountcontrol The right to reset user passwords Write permission to create user accounts in the Users container Read permission for attributes of the organizationalunit object and domain objects Write permission for the gplink attribute of the organizationalunit objects and domain objects Read permission for attributes of the grouppolicycontainer objects Write permission to create and delete the grouppolicycontainer objects in the System Policies container Read permission for the ntsecuritydecriptor attribute of the grouppolicycontainer objects The permission to create and delete container and the serviceconnectionpoint objects in Group Policy containers 6

7 Read permission for the attributes of the container and serviceconnectionpoint objects in Group Policy containers Write permission for the servicebindinginformation and displayname attributes of the serviceconnectionpoint objects in Group Policy containers The permission to create container objects in the System container The permission to create the serviceconnectionpoint objects in the System container The permission to delete the serviceconnectionpoint objects in the System container Write permission for the keywords attribute of the serviceconnectionpoint objects in the System container Configuration design decisions Note that the following configurations are common but not definitive. Managed domains General logon security options Configure logon security options as shown in Figure 4. The lockout conditions configured in Password Manager should be in line with user account policy. Groups Use the following groups to manage access to Password Manager and mail notifications, and to enable phased rollout and registration: Groups allowed to access the Password Manager Self-Service site Groups denied access to the Password Manager Self-Service site Groups allowed to receive registration notifications Groups denied receiving registration notifications Groups allowed to receive password expiration notification Groups denied receiving password expiration notification Challenge questions A project is currently underway to define the questions users will have to answer for registration or password resets. To register, a user should have to answer 5 6 questions from a list of questions. To reset the password or unlock the account, a user should have to answer 2 3 questions. Q&A policy Configure Q&A policy as shown in Figure 6. The minimum answer length depends somewhat upon the question list. Figure 4. Logon security options 7

8 Figure 5. Configuring the number of questions required to register, reset a password, or unlock an account Figure 6. Configuring the Q&A policy 8

9 Figure 7. Configuring enforcement of Q&A profile policy Enforcement of Q&A profile policy The settings for user enforcement are illustrated in Figure 7 Settings Self-service site The common configuration of the self-service site is illustrated in Figure 8. Days to notify before password expires: 10 Figure 8. Configuring the self-service site 9

10 Figure 9. Configuring the help desk site Help desk site The usual configuration of the help desk site is shown in Figure 9. Profile update policy Figure 10 shows how the profile update policy is commonly configured. To minimize profile update requirements, ensure that the Q&A policy definition is correct before rolling it out to the entire user base. Reporting and logging A SQL Server and a SQL Server Reporting Services instance are required. Notification Notification is usually disabled other than for troubleshooting or other special purposes. The available settings are illustrated in Figure 11. Figure 10. Configuring the profile update policy 10

11 Figure 11. Configuring notifications Customization Website and logo The look and feel of the website can be modified; it is common to customize the logos. More details can be found in Dell Support Solution Disaster recovery Backing up the domain controllers Password Manager stores all important information in Active Directory, so as long as there is a valid backup of the domain controllers, the Password Manager Q&A profiles will be recoverable. Recovering data for individual users will be much easier if you have Dell Recovery Manager for Active Directory. Backing up the audit database, if desired Password Manager uses a database, DDSLogSubsystem, to store auditing information, such as who has reset a password. If this information is needed in your organization, back up the database. A backup of the local.spr file is also recommended. For more information For more information about disaster recovery, see Dell Support Solution Backing up the encryption key Another requirement is to have a backup copy of the encryption key. By default, this key is stored on the Password Manager server at: C:\Program Files\Quest Software\Quest One Password Manager\QPMEnckey.bin 11

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