Health Impact Assessment

Transcription

1 Health Impact Assessment and its Role in Planning Decision-Making RTPI SW, Exeter, 15 th October 2015 Ben Cave Tel:

2 Reflections Impact Assessment Health Health as a component part of Environmental Impact Assessment Strategic Environmental Assessment Technical issues (ie how are potential health effects identified) and strategic or political issues (ie how is health as a topic integrated into planning) Quality and standards for health in impact assessment

3 Impact Assessment has a dual nature, each with its own methodological approaches As a technical tool for analysis of the consequences of a planned intervention (policy, plan, programme, project), providing information to stake-holders and decision makers; or unplanned events, such as natural disasters, war and conflicts. As a legal and institutional procedure linked to the decision-making process of a planned intervention. What is impact assessment? International Association for Impact Assessment (2010)

4 Health Impact Assessment is a combination of procedures, methods and tools that systematically judges the potential, and sometimes unintended, effects of a policy, plan, programme or project on both the health of a population and the distribution of those effects within the population. HIA identifies appropriate actions to manage those effects. International Association for Impact Assessment,

5 What is health? (I) Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States and entered into force on 7 April From Hugh Barton and Marcus Grant, University of the West of England

6 What is health? (II)... the extent to which an individual or group is able, on the one hand, to identify and to realize aspirations and satisfy needs, and on the other, to change or cope with the environment. Health is therefore seen as a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept, encompassing social and personal resources as well as physical capacities. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion,

7 Health and planning Three components of Public Health Health services Health protection Activities relating to Spatial Planning for example Calculate developer contributions for health services Close, and existing, links with Environmental Protection services Health improvement Forward planning See Royal Town Planning Institute. Delivering Healthy Communities. RTPI Good Practice Note 5,

8 health in EA or HIA Early concern that integrating health into EA would lose essential characteristics of HIA Health now regularly as component part of ES of Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects and as part of some planning applications alongside EIAs

9 Directive 2014/52/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 See

10 Building in Health in a Strategic Urban Extension Gareth Bradford, Planning, Devon County Council & Sara Gibbs, Public Health, Devon PCT/DCC Ben Cave, Ben Cave Associates With Steve Brown, Associate Director Public Health, South Hams and West Devon, Devon PCT

11 The Sherford Valley

12 Plymouth A38 Deep Lane Junction A379

13 Stages of (H)IA Screening Establish relevance to health Scoping Identify key issues* Assessment Identify potential effects* Reporting/Feedback Present results Monitoring/Management Ongoing action *opportunities for wider involvement

14 Framework for presenting the recommendations Strategic principles as developed by the Steering Group for the Sherford & Cranbrook HIAs Developer contributions Design Management Monitoring and Review

15 Transport Strategic principle Strong political leadership is required to systematically reduce the demand for car ownership and use and to find answers to problems that are politically sensitive and to make Sherford sustainable Developer contribution Identify/agree sanctions for not achieving the modal rate (eg fines) and incentives for exceeding the modal rate. Travel information and other resources for new residents.

16 Transport Design requirement Management requirement Monitoring and review Use a design hierarchy headed by pedestrians and cyclists and public transport. Ensure parking does not reduce visibility and movement for pedestrians. Design for bicycles as an integral part of the road system Promote cycling and cycle routes for everyday commuting & market them as such, & work in partnership to join these routes up with the main centres, from the outset Car share network, Car Club and Travel Forum. Personalised Travel Planning Provide welcome packs for new residents with travel information. Cycle routes for everyday commuting. Travel surveys Proportion of streets that are shared surface Parking strategy implemented and enforced

17 Health Impact Assessment & its Role in Planning Decision-Making some conclusions Impact assessment: dual nature Health: different definitions Challenges for HIA Technical issues (ie how are potential health effects identified) and Strategic or political issues (ie how is health as a topic integrated into planning) how are health arguments presented/articulated? Quality and standards for health in impact assessment are important otherwise quality is poor We currently have a big opportunity to define how health is addressed in EIA available at

18 Thank you Tel: