Perkongsian Meningkatkan Perkhidmatan GIS Kerajaan Melalui Big Data

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1 Perkongsian Meningkatkan Perkhidmatan GIS Kerajaan Melalui Big Data PROF. MADYA DR. NARIMAH SAMAT PUSAT PENGAJIAN ILMU KEMANUSIAAN UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA PULAU PINANG

2 Introduction Wal-Mart, a retail giant, handles more than 1m customer transactions every hour, feeding databases estimated at more than 2.5 petabytes Facebook, a social-networking website, is home to 40 billion photos. Decoding the human genome involves analyzing 3 billion base pairs which took ten years the first time it was done, in 2003, but can now be achieved in one week. (source: wikipedia.com, 2014)

3 Big Data Big data is an all-encompassing term for any collection of data sets so large and complex that it becomes difficult to process using traditional data processing applications, as of 2012 ranging from a few dozen terabytes to many petabytes of data Increase of 3-dimensional - increasing volume (amount of data), velocity (speed of data in and out), and variety (range of data types and sources).

4 Why? If managed well, the data can be used to: unlock new sources of economic value, provide fresh insights into science hold governments to account for spot trends, prevent diseases, combat crime and so on..

5 GIS, E-Government & Big Data GIS is a computer system that can be used to capture, manage, manipulate, analyze and display spatial and non-spatial data GIS can be used to visualize and analyze big data in a way that reveals patterns, trends, and relationships E-Government described as the use of ICT by a public organization to support and redefine information, communication and transaction relations with citizens, companies and the environment to create increased government access, better service delivery, internal efficiency, supporting public and political accountability, increased public participation.

8 GIS & on policy design as the process of defining, considering and accepting or rejecting options for political decision GIS inputting function GIS analytical functions Model development What-if scenarios - test and evaluate various decision approaches prior to making decision

9 GIS and e-government electronic map available function Necessary theme layers and marks Zoom in, zoom out, pan and selection functions on map Search function such as graphic search or object search GIS inputting function

10 Expose Geographic Patterns Maps are a way to see the story behind your data. Retailers can see where promotions are most effective and where the competition is. Banks can get an explanation of why loans are defaulting and where there is an underserved market. Climate-change scientists can see the impact of shifting weather patterns.

11 Find Spatial Relationships Seeing spatially enabled big data on a map allows you to answer questions and ask new ones. Where are disease outbreaks occurring? Where is insurance risk greatest given recently updated population shifts? Geographic thinking adds a new dimension to big data problem solving and helps make sense of big data. Communicable disease such as dengue fever- find location of cases and associated environmental factors.

12 Perform Predictive Modeling Predictive modeling using spatially enabled big data helps develop strategies from if/then scenarios. Governments can use it to design disaster response plans. Natural resource managers can analyze recovery of wetlands after a disaster. Health service organizations can identify the spread of disease and ways to contain it. Planned for health care delivery Eg non-communicable disease such as cancer

13 Get Geographic Insights from Social Media Putting social media data on a map helps to track a dynamic situation. Retailers display data feeds on maps to monitor and protect their brands. Banks use geographic analysis to detect fraud. The mapping of social media feeds has also helped governments worldwide gauge public sentiment in real time during significant events, such as elections and uprisings.

14 Geographic Analysis Turns Raw Data into Wisdom Imagine that the raw data coming fast and furious from many sources is the foundation of your big data strategy. This data is saturated with geographic elements that probably not using. Geographic tools help to filter and convert those elements into geographic layers of information. We can analyze those layers to create new, more useful maps for decision making.

15 Predicting Crime Using Analytics and Big Data. A unique approach to crime analysis may allow police officers to predict illegal activity Police officers work to decrease illegal activity in a high-crime area, but only to have it pop up somewhere else the moment they leave to figure out how to manage crime in a way that produces long-term positive outcomes Conduct risk terrain modeling. The approach takes an area and blends its history of crime with data on local behavioral and physical characteristics to create a map of locations with the greatest crime risk Traditional hot-spotting approach focuses mainly on the historical concentration of crime, risk terrain modeling examines the factors that contribute to this concentration and helps police officers predict where new hot spots could arise using data that s often ignored or taken for granted E.g. Map location of entertainment outlets in relations to cluster of criminal activities

16 Example of GIS application in Penang State

17 Example of GIS application in Land Use Planning

18 Conclusion Data sharing Confidentiality of data Data availability & data analysis Thank you

Tutorial: Big Data Algorithms and Applications Under Hadoop KUNPENG ZHANG SIDDHARTHA BHATTACHARYYA

Tutorial: Big Data Algorithms and Applications Under Hadoop KUNPENG ZHANG SIDDHARTHA BHATTACHARYYA http://kzhang6.people.uic.edu/tutorial/amcis2014.html August 7, 2014 Schedule I. Introduction to big data