Basement waterproofing 14. Fundamentals

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1 Basement waterproofing 14 Fundamentals Reliable protection of the building fabric against water and moisture infiltration not only safeguards living quality, but also constitutes a statutory requirement enshrined in the German federal state building regulations. The materials typically used in basement construction (masonry and foundations), e.g. cellular concrete blocks, calcium-silicate units, concrete etc., are, of course, primarily geared to structural demands and seldom provide a waterproof barrier. Hence the need to protect basement structures against moisture ingress by means of waterproof membranes. Over the past three decades, waterproof bitumen coating systems have established themselves as an alternative to the traditional bitumen sheet membranes. The associated works are governed by the "Guidelines for the design and installation of waterproof membranes for buried elements using polymermodified bitumen coatings" issued by Deutsche Bauchemie e.v. (German Construction Chemicals Manufacturers' Association) and by DIN (December 2011 version). The key factor determining the loads acting on the membrane is the water permeability of the ground. This is measured in terms of the speed with which water drains through the soil. A coefficient of permeability (k) exceeding 10 4 indicates that seepage water flows through the ground at a speed of at least 0.1 mm per second. Values below this figure imply that the ground is of relatively low permeability. In such cases, accumulating water may exert pressure on the waterproof membrane. The Sopro KD/KSP basement waterproofing system may be used for the load cases described below and meets all technical requirements specified for these applications. DIN distinguishes between four load cases or levels of water exposure against which structures and building elements in contact with the ground should be protected. Application of bitumen coating. Load case: ground moisture and non-accumulating seepage water on ground slabs and walls DIN Part 4) Load case: water without hydrostatic pressure acting on floors and in wet spaces (DIN Part 5) Load case: accumulating seepage water (DIN Part 6) Load case: external water pressure (DIN Part 6) Report sheet available upon request For details, ring:

2 14 Basement waterproofing Fundamentals Load cases Load case to DIN (December 2011 version) Element type Water type Situation/conditions Type of water action Required membrane to Buried walls and ground slabs above design water level Capillary water Retained water Seepage water High-permeability ground > 10 4 m/s Low-permeability ground 10 4 m/s Drained Undrained Ground moisture and non-accumulating seepage water Accumulating seepage water DIN Section 9 of DIN Horizontal and inclined outdoor and buried surfaces; wall and floor surfaces in wet spaces Precipitation water Seepage water Irrigation water Process water Residential balconies and the like, residential wet spaces Used roof spaces, high-maintenance planted roofs, wet spaces (excluding residential facilities), swimming pools Unused roof spaces, freely weathered, without solid wearing surface, including low-maintenance planting Water without hydrostatic pressure, moderate duty Water without hydrostatic pressure, heavy duty Water without hydrostatic pressure Section 8.2 of DIN Section 8.3 of DIN DIN Buried walls, ground and Groundwater suspended slabs below All soil, building and construction types External water pressure Section 8 of DIN design water level Floodwater Water containers, pools Process water Outdoors and in buildings Internal water pressure DIN Load case Use Membrane application Minimum dry coat thickness** Sopro product Equivalent min. wet coat thickness SoproThene sheet membrane Ground moisture and non-accumulating seepage water (DIN ) Basement walls and floors 2 coats* 3 mm Sopro KSP 652 Sopro KD 752 Sopro KD 754 Sopro KMB 650 Sopro KMB mm 3.7 mm 3.5 mm 3.9 mm 3.5 mm x Water without hydrostatic pressure, moderate duty (DIN ) Basement walls and floors 2 coats* plus scrim incorporated at internal/external angles 3 mm Sopro KSP 652 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim Sopro KD 752 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim Sopro KD 754 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim Sopro KMB 650 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim Sopro KMB 651 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim 3.5 mm 3.7 mm 3.5 mm 3.9 mm 3.5 mm x Accumulating seepage water (DIN ), external water pressure (DIN ) Basement walls and floors 2 coats* plus scrim 4 mm Sopro KSP 652 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim Sopro KD 752 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim*** Sopro KD 754 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim Sopro KMB 650 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim*** Sopro KMB 651 plus Sopro KDA 662 scrim 4.6 mm 4.9 mm 4.6 mm 5.1 mm 4.7 mm * To eliminate risk of damage during coating operations, allow the first waterproof coat to dry adequately prior to application of the second coat. ** At time of acceptance *** Only for load case "accumulating seepage water" (to DIN ) Note: DIN and DIN make no provision for the use of polymer-modified bitumen coatings for the load cases "water without hydrostatic pressure heavy duty" and "external water pressure (up to a foundation depth of 3 m below ground level)". The Employer/Client must be expressly advised of this departure from DIN by the Contractor. The installation of waterproof membranes for these load cases must be subject to a separate contractual agreement and must be clearly and individually stated in the specification/bill of quantities in accordance with DIN 18336/VOB (German Construction Contract Procedures), Part C, Section

3 Basement waterproofing 14 Fundamentals Load cases Ground moisture and nonaccumulating seepage water on ground slabs and walls Ground moisture imposes the lowest loads on the basement waterproof/ tanking membrane. Consequently, the design may only assume this load case where both ground and fill material are very permeable (k > 10 4 m/s), as is the case with sand and gravel. Precipitation Water without hydrostatic pressure acting on floors and in wet spaces Here, a distinction is drawn between moderate-duty and heavy-duty waterproofings. Horizontal and sloping surfaces are subject to moderate duty where the water exerts practically no hydrostatic pressure. This is generally the case outdoors on balconies and patios with no living spaces below and indoors in domestic bathrooms. Heavy-duty applications outdoors include, for instance, roof terraces, high-maintenance planted areas and parking decks. Examples of indoor heavy-duty applications are poolside areas, public showers and commercial catering kitchens. Accumulating seepage water This load case applies for the external basement walls and ground slabs of buildings whose foundation depth lies up to 3 m below ground level, where the ground has low permeability and no drainage is provided. Precipitation 3 m foundation depth 300 mm Design water level Load case: accumulating seepage water (DIN Part 6). Load case: ground moisture on ground slabs and walls (DIN Part 4). Less permeable ground (k 10 4 m/s) necessitates provision of a permanent drainage system to DIN Precipitation External water pressure Irrespective of foundation depth, immersion depth and soil type, all buried elements in contact with groundwater or aquifers require waterproofing against external water pressure. Precipitation Precipitation Drainage layer Drain Load case: non-accumulating seepage water on ground slabs and walls (DIN Part 4) Load case: water without hydrostatic pressure acting on floors and in wet spaces (DIN Part 5). Designs providing for ceramic tiling over waterproof/tanking membranes should take account of the ZDB (Federation of the German Construction Industry) data sheet "Guidance on indoor and outdoor installation of composite liquid waterproofing systems with tile finish" and the "Test criteria for the award of a national test certificate (abp) for liquid waterproofing products applied in conjunction with tile coverings" (see Section 3). Groundwater/ design water level Bemessungswasserstand mind. 30 cm unter UKS Load case: external water pressure/groundwater (DIN Part 6). 360

4 14.1 Basement waterproofing External basement wall membrane construction MW U 1 1 Sopro DSF 523 one-component flexible sealing slurry or Sopro TDS 823 two-component turbo sealing slurry 2 Sopro DSF 523 one-component flexible sealing slurry or Sopro TDS 823 two-component turbo sealing slurry 3 Angle fillet formed with Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar 4 Sopro KDG 751 primer for basement waterproofing (concentrate), Sopro KDV 681 primer for basement waterproofing 5 Sopro KDA 662 scrim for basement waterproofing 6 Sopro KSP 652 waterproof basement coating, Sopro KD 754 two-component waterproof basement coating 7 Damp-proof course for masonry using Sopro DSF 523 one-component flexible sealing slurry or Sopro TDS 823 two-component turbo sealing slurry 8 Masonry joints with Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar 9 Sopro KDS 663 basement drainage mat MW Masonry, cellular blockwork, calcium-silicate units etc. U Foundation/ground slab 361

5 Basement waterproofing 14.1 Basement waterproofing, including plinth area P S Damp-proof course using Sopro DSF 523 one-component flexible sealing slurry or Sopro TDS 823 two-component turbo sealing slurry; sheet dpc as alternative 2 Angle fillet formed with Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar 3 Wall membrane/bitumen coating (2 coats) comprising Sopro KDG 751 or Sopro KDV 681 primer and Sopro KSP 652 or Sopro KD 754 waterproof basement coating 4 Splash protection using Sopro DSF 523 one-component flexible sealing slurry or Sopro TDS 823 two-component turbo sealing slurry 5 Waterproofing against internal water pressure (up to approx. 50 cm height) using Sopro DSF 523 one-component flexible sealing slurry or Sopro TDS 823 two-component turbo sealing slurry 6 Drainage and protection layer, Sopro KDS 663 basement drainage mat 7 Masonry joints B Ground slab/waterproof concrete E Unbonded screed P External render R Drain S Plinth cladding R 2 1 B E 362

6 14.1 Basement waterproofing Precast waterproof concrete basements As a means of speeding up construction, basements are often assembled from precast concrete units on site. To ensure that the basement structure is waterproof, specifically at the joints between the precast units, these areas are sealed by a scrimreinforced, polymer-modified bitumen coating. The coating, with either Sopro KSP 652 or Sopro KD 754, should be applied over a width of approx cm. A B A Precast unit In-situ concrete B Sopro KSP 652/ Sopro KD 754 with Sopro KDA 662 scrim 363

7 Basement waterproofing 14.1 Basements without waterproof concrete slab Where the building needs protecting against moisture infiltration and no provision is made in the design for a waterproof concrete slab, a waterproof membrane should be installed over the base area. In such cases, the membrane takes the form of a bitumen coating applied to a previously placed lean concrete blinding. After drying, the membrane is covered by a separating layer over which the ground slab is cast. After construction of the walls, the wall membrane is carried down to the foot of the ground slab, where it is joined to and lapped over the ground membrane. Sopro KSP 652 or Sopro KD 754 waterproof basement coating (2 coats) Damp-proof course with Sopro TDS 823 or Sopro DSF 523 Separating layer (sheet) 364

8 14.1 Basement waterproofing Product recommendations 1. Damp-proof course and protective coating Sopro DSF 523 or Sopro TDS 823 may be used in conjunction with a bituminous membrane in basement/foundation areas to prevent the infiltration of water behind the bitumen coating due to water pressure acting from the inside caused by dampness in the masonry, pipe bursts etc. Sopro Bauchemie GmbH 3. Priming Concrete and masonry surfaces may be pretreated with Sopro KDG 751 primer for basement waterproofing, a solvent-free primer concentrate for dilution with water, or ready-touse, bitumen emulsion-based Sopro KDV 681 primer for basement waterproofing. Sopro DSF 523 and Sopro TDS 823 are flexible, crack-bridging, hydraulically setting, cementitious sealing slurries used to waterproof basement, internal and external walls as well as foundations, floor surfaces, water containers etc. Sopro Bauchemie GmbH 4. Waterproof bitumen coating Sopro KSP 652 or Sopro KD 754 bitumen coating may be applied to produce a flexible, crack-bridging waterproof/tanking membrane. The following dry coat thicknesses 3 mm for ground moisture and nonaccumulating seepage water 3 mm for water without hydrostatic pressure/moderate duty 4 mm for accumulating seepage water and external water pressure should be observed. Sopro Bauchemie GmbH 2. Filler application Formation of angle fillets Filling of open masonry joints Angle fillets, formed using Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar (4 5 cm radius), are required at internal angles and wall/ slab junctions. Sopro Bauchemie GmbH Waterproofing strip Scrim Drainage and protective mat Sopro KDB 756 Flexible, fabric-faced, polymer-modified bitumen waterproofing strip for bridging structural joints, used in conjunction with Sopro KSP 652, Sopro KD 752, Sopro KD 754, Sopro KMB 650 and Sopro KMB 651 waterproof basement coatings. Sopro KDA 662 Bitumen- and alkali-resistant, plastics-sheathed glass-fibre fabric used as reinforcement and to regulate coat thickness for flexible, crackbridging waterproof bitumen basement coatings applied as barrier against external water pressure and accumulating seepage water to DIN Part 6. Used with Sopro KSP 652, Sopro KD 752, Sopro KD 754, Sopro KMB 650 and Sopro KMB 651 waterproof basement coatings. Sopro KDS 663 Bitumen-compatible, polystyrene drainage and protective mat with load-spreading sheet backing and compression-resistant polypropylene nonwoven filter. Ideal for protection of Sopro KSP 652, Sopro KD 752, Sopro KD 754, Sopro KMB 650 and Sopro KMB 651 basement coating. The load-spreading sheet backing guarantees reliable protection even in the event of later ground movement or settlement. Meets requirements for protective layers to DIN (Part 10) and for drainage provision for protection of construction works to DIN Also complies with guidelines for design and installation of waterproof polymermodified bitumen coatings. 365

9 Basement waterproofing 14.1 Substrate requirements All substrates should be solid, strong and free from adhesion-impairing substances (dust, dirt, release agent etc.). Prior to constructing the masonry, installation of a damp-proof course, using Sopro DSF 423, DSF 523, DSF 623 or Sopro TDS 823 flexible sealing slurry, is required on the foundation/ground slab to protect against rising damp. According to a data sheet (05/2010 version) issued by the Deutsche Bauindustrie e.v. (General Association of the German Construction Industry), mineral sealing slurries (e.g. Sopro DSF 523) may be used to install damp-proof courses in masonry (not covered by DIN 18195). 1 Straightforward slurry application of damp-proof course, e.g. with Sopro TDS 823, to pre-wetted foundation concrete. 2 Hack away projecting mortar residue and even out fins. Laitance may be removed by angle grinder. As a rule, insufficiently strong coatings or layers should be removed. Any resulting voids or hollows should be plugged prior to waterproofing. Coarse-pored substrates (e.g. pumice blocks, honeycomb clay bricks and concrete surfaces with blowholes) generally require levelling out prior to waterproofing. This may be achieved using mineral renders, surface fillers (class P II or P III to DIN 18550) or by means a Sopro KSP 652 or Sopro KD 754 skim coat. Skim coats with Sopro KSP 652 or KD 754 require pretreatment of substrate with Sopro KDG 751 or Sopro KDV 681 primer. The substrate should be swept clean of loose particles/matter prior to the application of Sopro KDG 751 or Sopro KDV 681 primer. Any dust found on substrate (check by wiping) should likewise be removed. The substrate should be free from fins and sharp irregularities. Any arrises within the area to be waterproofed should be eased or chamfered. 3 Fill poorly pointed joints and hollows exceeding 5 mm using Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar. 4 To prevent damage to bitumen membrane due to rear moisture penetration from masonry, apply intermediate membrane at base of wall and ground slab using Sopro DSF 523 or Sopro TDS 823 flexible sealing slurry. Angle fillets are required at internal angles and wall/slab junctions. Angle fillets with a 4 5 cm radius formed using Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar have proved a reliable solution. 5 Form angle fillet at wall/ground slab junction using Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar. 6 Pretreat surfaces to be waterproofed, after cleaning and prior to waterproofing, with Sopro KDG 751 or Sopro KDV 681 primer. 366

10 14.1 Basement waterproofing Application of Sopro KSP 652 waterproof basement coating 7 Sopro KSP 652 is a high-coverage, rapiddrying, one-component bitumen coating, with low coat thickness loss through drying and rainproof after only a short time. 8 Sopro KSP 652 requires no setaccelerating admixture (powder component) to speed up drying or for applications involving accumulating seepage water or external water pressure (to DIN Part 6). 9 As Sopro KSP 652 requires no special preparation/stirring, bitumen compound may be spatula applied directly from container. Alternatively, Sopro KSP 652 may also be sprayed on. 10 Apply Sopro KSP 652 using 10 mm notched spatula and smooth down. Where operations are interrupted, feather (thin) out edges of coating and, when work resumes, overlap with freshly applied material. 11 At junction with concrete ground slab, carry Sopro KSP 652 over angle fillet and plinth with uniform thickness. 12 Install membrane in two coats, with second coat applied immediately after first coat has surface-dried. 13 Where high loads are anticipated, e.g. through accumulating seepage water or external water pressure (to DIN Part 6), embed Sopro KDA 662 scrim as reinforcement in first coat of Sopro KSP 652, with min. 10 cm lap at joints. 14 Following complete installation of waterproof barrier, mount required light wells and work over junctions with Sopro KSP Large-scale application of waterproof basement coatings can be facilitated by use of suitable spray equipment. 367

11 Basement waterproofing 14.1 Application of Sopro KSP 652 waterproof basement coating 16 Spray application of bitumen coating using Inomat M8 feed pump produced by Inotec. 17 On-site spray application of waterproof membrane. 18 Suitable drainage or insulation panels, e.g. Sopro KDS 663 basement drainage mat, are bonded to membrane after this has fully dried. For fixing, apply full-cover coat of Sopro KSP 652 to panels. 19 Apart from improving drainage and providing insulation, board serves to protect membrane against damage during backfilling of excavation and subsequently. 20 Where basement is to be insulated, use special insulation units at basement window locations. 21 Bond units to external basement wall with Sopro TDS 823 two-component turbo sealing slurry to achieve watertight seal. 22 Provide seal at edge of insulation unit by integrating this into waterproof basement membrane using Sopro TDS 823 with embedded Sopro AR 562 scrim. 23 Provide seal around entire perimeter of insulation unit. 24 Light wells are mounted after completion of waterproofing works. 368

12 14.1 Basement waterproofing Sopro KDS 663 basement drainage mat The working space around basement walls is normally backfilled soon after installation of the waterproof basement membrane. The space should be backfilled in layers with intermediate compaction. The backfill should contain neither construction debris, nor unsuitable excavated material nor any other contaminants. To safeguard the performance and durability of the membrane during backfilling and in the event of future settlement, it is essential to protect the membrane, e.g. by means of a suitable sheet material. Sopro KDS 663 is a protective drainage mat fitted with a load-spreading, sliding sheet backing. The system can thereby accommodate any ground settlement without compromising the waterproof membrane. Membrane pulled off due to settlement, where no sliding layer is provided between ground and membrane. 1 Settlement in backfilled working space. Significant settlement due to flawed backfilling and compaction. Damage to waterproof membrane is inevitable due to lack of sliding sheet. 1 Sopro KDS 663 drainage and protective layer with sliding sheet backing 369

13 Basement waterproofing 14.1 Pipe penetrations Sopro Racofix 2000 or Sopro Racofix 8700 rapid-set anchoring mortar Angle fillet with Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar Roughen pipe and pretreat with Sopro KDG 751 (concentrate) or Sopro KDV 681 primer for basement waterproofing! Sopro KSP 652 or Sopro KD 754 waterproof basement coating (2 coats) Sopro KDS 663 drainage and protective layer Collar made from polymer sheet membrane (with woven or nonwoven facing at edges) Compression seal Pipe Loose flange Integral flange Sopro KSP 652 or Sopro KD 754 waterproof basement coating (2 coats) with Sopro KDA 662 scrim 5 cm 5 cm Pipe penetration through external basement wall Load case: ground moisture/non-accumulating seepage water on ground slabs and walls. Pipe penetration through external basement wall Load case: accumulating seepage water. Properly designed penetrations are required for supply pipes. The penetration shown in the photos is suitable for the load case "ground moisture and non-accumulating seepage water on ground slabs and walls". A loose/integral flange arrangement is required for the "accumulating seepage water" load case. 1 Start by forming angle fillet using Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar. 2 When angle fillet has set, roughen surface of pipe with wire brush or coarse sandpaper. 3 To improve adhesion between pipe and bitumen coating, brush on Sopro KDG 751 (concentrate) or Sopro KDV 681 primer. 4 Overcoat pipe with Sopro KSP 652 or KD 754 waterproof basement coating when primer has dried. Here too, twocoat application is required. 370

14 14.1 Basement waterproofing Details Structural joints Both movement joints and joints between building elements should be properly bridged and sealed using Sopro KDB 756 waterproofing strip. Overcoating of these joints is not permissible. 1 To bridge structural joint in building fabric, apply combed bed e.g. of Sopro KSP 652 to primed substrate. 2 Place Sopro KDB 756 waterproofing strip in combed bed and press down over whole surface using smoother to ensure that strip is properly embedded. Coat thickness measurement A suitable record should be kept of all waterproofing operations. Indeed, the documentation of results is a statutory requirement for the load cases covered by DIN Parts 5 and 6 (min. 20 readings per treated facility, with at least 20 readings per 100 m 2 ). The individual measurement points should be spread diagonally across the surfaces. The density of measurement points should be increased at complicated details such as pipe penetrations. Where scrim reinforcement is embedded in the membrane, the thickness of each coat should be separately checked. 1 Measure wet thickness of individual coats using coat thickness gauge. 2 3 Record wet coat readings in report sheet. To allow measurement of dry coat thickness, produce control specimen and store under site conditions. State of drying may be checked by making wedge-shaped incision into material. Drainage and insulation board may only be bonded to membrane after this has fully dried. 371

15 Basement waterproofing 14.1 Repair of existing basement surfaces Where leaking basement surfaces in older buildings need rewaterproofing, the existing membrane material first needs to be checked for compatibility and strength. Identification of the existing coating type is relatively simple. Test: Existing uncovered basement membrane. Wipe test using white cloth and benzine. "Wipe test" No discoloration: no softening of existing coating is observed. It is likely to be a tar pitch coating. Brown discoloration: existing coating is found to soften. It is very likely to be a bitumen coating. After cleaning (removal of soil and dirt), surface can be overcoated and waterproofed by means of a bitumen coating, e.g. Sopro KSP

16 14.1 Basement waterproofing Tar pitch coating Solution 1 Existing membrane must first be laboriously stripped as it cannot immediately receive a bitumen coating. Solution 2 1 After cleaning, overcoat surface e.g. with Sopro DSF 523 onecomponent flexible sealing slurry. 2 Reinforce with Sopro KDA 662 scrim. 3 Overcoat scrim. 4 Once Sopro DSF 523 or other membrane has fully cured, surface is ready for trouble-free application of waterproof bitumen coating, e.g. Sopro KSP

17 Basement waterproofing 14.2 Flexible waterproof bitumen sheet membrane Flexible waterproof membrane to DIN using SoproThene bitumen sheet DIN allows the use of cold-applied, self-adhesive bitumen sheet for the provision of waterproof barriers against ground moisture and non-accumulating seepage water on ground slabs and walls (to DIN Part 4), and against water without hydrostatic pressure imposing moderate loads on floors and wet spaces (to DIN Part 5). SoproThene cold-applied, self-adhesive bitumen sheet may be used to provide a reliable and economical, flexible, crackbridging waterproof membrane meeting requirements to DIN Part 4 and Part 5. SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane is installable all year round, at temperatures between -5 C and +30 C. Together with its complementary system components, the SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane offers a troublefree, economical, durable and DIN-compliant waterproofing solution. Guaranteeing the layer thickness required by DIN standards, the system lends itself to rapid installation and provides instant watertightness and rain resistance to allow the immediate backfilling of excavations. SoproThene bitumen sheet is also suitable for waterproofing indoor areas, basement floors, balconies, patios and flat garage roofs, on both new-build and refurbishment contracts. Basement waterproofing to DIN Part 4 using SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane. System components: 1 1 SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane 2 SoproThene corner tape 3 SoproThene (self-welding) adhesive tape 4 SoproThene nonwoven edging tape 5 SoproThene aluminium edging tape

18 14.2 Basement waterproofing Flexible waterproof bitumen sheet membrane External basement wall membrane construction SoproThene aluminium edging tape or SoproThene nonwoven edging tape SoproThene primer Joints repaired with Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar Sheet damp-proof course (Sopro DSF 523 one-component flexible sealing slurry or Sopro TDS 823 two-component turbo sealing slurry as alternative) Sopro DSF 523 or Sopro TDS 823 at plinth Sopro DSF 523 or Sopro TDS 823 damp-proof course Angle fillet formed with Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar Sopro KDS 663 basement drainage mat SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane 375

19 Basement waterproofing 14.2 Flexible waterproof bitumen sheet membrane External render Water-repellent plinth cladding Sopro DSF 523 onecomponent flexible sealing slurry or Sopro TDS 823 two-component turbo sealing slurry SoproThene nonwoven edging tape SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane Sheet damp-proof course (Sopro DSF 523 or Sopro TDS 823 as alternative) Sopro KDS 663 basement drainage mat Sopro DSF 523 onecomponent flexible sealing slurry Sheet damp-proof course (Sopro DSF 523 or Sopro TDS 823 as alternative) Sopro DSF 523 or Sopro TDS 823 damp-proof course Drain to DIN 4095 (where required) Angle fillet formed with Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar Plug open joints with Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar Pretreat with SoproThene primer SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane Sopro KDS 663 basement drainage mat 376

20 14.2 Basement waterproofing Flexible waterproof bitumen sheet membrane Product recommendations 1. Damp-proof course and protective coating Sopro DSF 523 or Sopro TDS 823 may be used in conjunction with a bituminous membrane in basement/foundation areas to prevent the infiltration of water behind the flexible bitumen sheet membrane due to water pressure acting from the inside caused by dampness in the masonry, pipe bursts etc. Sopro DSF 523 (one-component) and Sopro TDS 823 (two-component, extra-rapid-set) are flexible, crack-bridging, hydraulically setting, cementitious sealing slurries used to waterproof basement, internal and external walls as well as foundations, floor surfaces, water containers etc. 2. Filler application Formation of angle fillets Filling of open masonry joints Angle fillets, formed using Sopro RAM 3 renovation and levelling mortar (4 5 cm radius), are required at internal angles and wall/ slab junctions. 3. Priming SoproThene primer is a, ready-to-use, solventfree, bitumen rubber-based primer for the preparation of mineral substrates prior to installation of a SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane at temperatures between +5 C and +30 C. Sopro Bauchemie GmbH Sopro Bauchemie GmbH 4. Waterproof bitumen sheet membrane SoproThene is a flexible, cold-applied, selfadhesive, polymer-modified bitumen sheet for basement waterproofing to DIN Parts 4 and 5 (moderate duty) and for waterproofing balconies and patios. With pure bitumen compound vulcanization strip (50 mm wide) Installable at temperatures between -5 C and +30 C Immediately waterproof and resistant to driving rain Crack-bridging With official test certificate SoproThene corner tape Self-adhesive, flexible, crack-bridging, polymermodified bitumen corner tape applied to a tearresistant carrier film. Coated with two 50 mm wide vulcanization strips comprising a pure bitumen compound. For use in conjunction with SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane for reliable sealing at corners, internal/external angles and ground slab/basement wall junctions. SoproThene (self-welding) adhesive tape Double-side self-adhesive, self-welding, tearresistant adhesive tape coated with a strongly adhesive bitumen/rubber compound for use in conjunction with SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane in area of horizontal laps/joints, to provide a reliable waterproof seal at complicated junctions and for fixing insulation and drainage mats. SoproThene nonwoven edging tape Self-adhesive, crack-bridging, butyl rubber-based universal sealing tape for use in conjunction with SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane to seal upper vertical terminations and horizontal terminations of waterproof membrane. Provides good base for rendering and adhesive fixing. SoproThene aluminium edging tape UV-resistant, self-adhesive aluminium edging tape for use in conjunction with SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane to seal upper vertical terminations and horizontal terminations of waterproof membrane. 5. Drainage and protective mat Sopro KDS 663 is a bitumen-compatible, polystyrene drainage and protective mat with load-spreading sheet backing and compressionresistant polypropylene nonwoven filter for use in conjunction with SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane. Meets requirements for protective layers to DIN (Part 10) and for drainage provision for protection of construction works to DIN

21 Basement waterproofing 14.2 Flexible waterproof bitumen sheet membrane Application guidance for SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane 1 Wall area pretreated with SoproThene primer. 2 Fix SoproThene (self-welding) adhesive tape to internal and external angles. 3 Cut SoproThene sheet to produce necessary strips (for plinth). 4 Peel off backing film of SoproThene (self-welding) adhesive tape. 5 Fix SoproThene strips at plinth, with edges running along centre of SoproThene (self-welding) adhesive tape. 6 Press down SoproThene strips firmly after bonding. 7 Lap edges of adjoining strips. 8 Peel off approx cm of backing paper from SoproThene sheet. 9 Position SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane on basement wall. 378

22 14.2 Basement waterproofing Flexible waterproof bitumen sheet membrane Application guidance for SoproThene bitumen sheet membrane 10 Adjust as required and press down firmly. 11 Continue to peel off backing paper. 12 Press down SoproThene sheet over full surface. 13 Completely remove backing paper and lap over SoproThene (self-welding) adhesive tape at plinth. 14 Plinth area additionally protected by SoproThene (self-welding) adhesive tape. 15 Installation simplified by markings showing width of lap for next sheet. 16 Position adjoining sheet. 17 Waterproofed wall area with plinth. 379