Guide to the Non-Partisan Voters League Records

Transcription

1 Guide to the Non-Partisan Voters League Records Descriptive Summary: Creator: John LeFlore Title: Non-Partisan Voters League Records Dates: (bulk ) Quantity: 25.0 linear feet; 24 reels Abstract: Correspondence, minutes, administrative and financial records, legal documents, press releases, news clippings, and publications. Accession: ; Organizational History: As the historiography of the civil rights movement has shifted from analysis of broad themes and events to the study of the grassroots level, the significance of the records of groups such as the Non-Partisan Voters League has increased. Scholars are now focusing on the local dimensions of the post-1965 period, when strategies shifted and civil rights organizations turned to a variety of issues that differed from the targets of the 1950s and early 1960s. While scholars have focused on activities in Birmingham and Montgomery, this collection opens a wider study into the activities of another Alabama city, one with a unique ethnic mix as well as a unionized work force that rivaled that of Birmingham. The Non-Partisan Voters League was organized in Mobile, Alabama, in 1956, the same year that the attorney general of the State of Alabama and the state court system forced the NAACP to cease all operations in the state. The League carried on the local civil rights struggle in Mobile during the eight years that the NAACP was outlawed and continued to function long after the injunction was overturned. The records in this collection span thirty years ( ), with the bulk of the materials between 1961 and During that time the League demanded and obtained the hiring of more black municipal employees, sued to force desegregation of the Mobile school system, filed complaints with the U.S. Department of Justice to open public accommodations to all, launched massive voter registration

2 campaigns to bring large numbers of African Americans into the political process, and challenged the constitutionality of Mobile's commission form of municipal government. All of these activities are documented in this collection. Further information on the history of the Non-Partisan Voters League may be found in Keith Nicholls's article "The Non-Partisan Voters League of Mobile, Alabama: Its Founding and Major Accomplishments," Gulf Coast Historical Review, Vol. 8, No. 2 (Spring 1993). Researchers may also wish to consult several other related collections we hold, including the John L. LeFlore papers, which provides insight into civil rights activities in Mobile prior to the organization of the League. LeFlore helped to found the Mobile branch of the NAACP in 1926, and his papers include minutes and correspondence of the local chapter ( ). Other collections researchers may find useful on the subject of civil rights in Mobile or that further the study of what the Non-Partisan Voters League accomplished in Mobile are the Vernon Z. Crawford Records, the NOW Oral History and FBI Files, and the Blacksher, Menefee & Stein Records. Scope and Contents: These records of a civil rights organization in Mobile, , contain materials concerning discrimination in public accommodations, employment, criminal justice administration, and public education, including the Birdie Mae Davis case, the cornerstone of the League's efforts at integrating the county public school system. John LeFlore was the director of casework for the organization until his death in Contains correspondence, minutes, administrative and financial records, legal documents, press releases, news clippings, and publications. The records have also been microfilmed. (See also University Collections under Larry Holmes, Melton McLaurin, and Rearguard.) Arrangement: Arranged in six series: 1. Casework; 2. Education and Employment Services; 3. Voter registration; 4. Outside agencies and organizations; 5. NPVL organizational files; 6. Printed material.

3 Access Restrictions: This material is open to research. Preferred Citation: Non-Partisan Voters League Records, The Doy Leale McCall Rare Book and Manuscript Library, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL. Series Descriptions Series 1: Casework In 1959 the Non-Partisan Voters League amended its constitution to create an office of director of casework "to make investigations and surveys related to social, political and economic questions, or other issues affecting the civil rights of or justice for all citizens," and "to institute court proceedings or otherwise direct such activities of the Non-Partisan Voters League as will assure the organization's position as an integral entity of the civil rights movement." The administrative responsibilities of the director of casework also included issuing public statements on behalf of the organization, holding conferences, and retaining an accurate record of all meetings and finances of the League (See NPVL Operating Files, Box 12, File 8). John L. LeFlore was the director of casework from 1959 until his death in The constitution was amended in 1976 reestablishing the office of executive secretary who also served as the director of casework for the League. However, there are very few casework files after The casework files have been grouped under six headings: 1) Major Legal Cases; 2) Civil Rights Violations; 3) Discrimination in Public Accommodations; 4) Discrimination in Employment; 5) Discrimination in Education; and 6) Civil, non-discrimination, casework.

4 Series 1: Sub-series 1: Major Legal Cases In 1975 League lawyers filed a civil action suit in federal court contesting the use of at-large elections on the grounds that they unconstitutionally diluted black voting strength.wiley Bolden, et al. v. City of Mobile, directed at the city commission, involved lengthy court proceedings, but was ultimately successful. In 1985 three of the seven city council members elected were African American. The League provided legal defense and spent more than $11,000 in the Willie Seals case. Seals, a black Mobilian, was convicted of rape and sentenced to death by an all white jury. The League fought this conviction on the grounds that blacks had been systematically excluded from the grand jury that indicted Seals and from the trial jury that convicted him. An Appeals Court overturned the conviction on those grounds, and in 1963 the U.S. Supreme Court let that ruling stand. Seals was finally released from prison in The League also defended Nathaniel Taylor, who was charged with the murder of Lillian B. Kohorn in Taylor faced a death sentence, which was reduced on account of his diminished mental capabilities. Series 1: Sub-series 2: Civil Rights Violations Most of these files deal with allegations of police harassment and brutality. Some contain only brief notes or a letter describing an incident. Others contain formal complaints and related correspondence. The files are arranged alphabetically under the name of the complainant. Also included is a civil suit brought by John LeFlore and others against the Mobile Police Department in 1969, and miscellaneous correspondence ( ) concerning use of undue force by Mobile police officers. Series 1: Sub-series 3: Discrimination in Public Accommodations Before 1964 discrimination complaints involved businesses under the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Act. The 1964 Civil Rights Act enabled the Non-Partisan Voters League to conduct 225 desegregation "test-ins" at restaurants, motels, drive-ins, and other establishments subject to Title II of the act. These resulted in seventy-five Justice Department complaints and seven successful lawsuits. The League also successfully challenged several "private clubs" that were designed and established to perpetuate segregation (figures cited in the NPVL Memorial and Anniversary Program, August 20, 1976, Box 16). The League filed petitions with the Department of Health, Education and Welfare

5 against hospitals in Mobile, Baldwin, and other counties that were not in compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act. The files contain petitions, affidavits, and related correspondence and are listed alphabetically under the name of the business. Series 1: Sub-series 4: Discrimination in Employment League efforts resulted in the integration of the Alabama National Guard, Mobile's police and fire departments, and helped open job opportunities for African Americans in city and county governments. The League acted formally as third party intervenors in job discrimination complaints against local branches of the U.S. Postal Service and instituted successful job discrimination actions in the private sector as well. The files are arranged alphabetically under the name of the employer and contain employee complaints and related correspondence. Series 1: Sub-series 5: Discrimination in Education The League initiated the Mobile County public school desegregation suit, commonly known as the Birdie Mae Davis case, in U.S. District Court on March 27, 1963, and it became the cornerstone of the League's efforts to integrate the county public school system. The files on this case only cover the years , although the legal battle continued into the 1990s. The League also initiated the suit which resulted in the admission of the first black student, Vivian Malone, to the University of Alabama in Files are arranged alphabetically under either the name of an individual, a school in Mobile County, other counties in Alabama, or by subject. They include complaints, petitions, depositions, surveys, transfer requests, correspondence, and some news clippings. Series 1: Sub-series 6: Civil Case Work In addition to his anti-discrimination casework, John LeFlore helped individuals and groups with a variety of other civil matters, such as loan applications, public housing requests, and insurance and social security claims. These files are arranged alphabetically under the name of the individual or organization and contain correspondence and related documents. Series 2: Education and Employment Services The office of the Director of Casework also served as a clearing house for persons seeking employment. LeFlore maintained files on civil service, Mobile County personnel board, and private sector job listings. Applicants were asked if they would be willing to file a discrimination complaint if they were refused employment for racial reasons. The files

6 contain resumes, test results, referrals and other correspondence. There are also job surveys of the retail sector conducted by the League in 1974, which detail the number and race of employees and the type of work done by these employees. Also included is information about various affirmative action programs, college admissions, and scholarships. Series 3: Voter Registration Protected by the 1965 Voting Rights Act, the League sponsored massive voter-registration campaigns that brought large numbers of African Americans into the political process. Starting in 1970 the League also issued "pink sheets" which endorsed candidates for public office, a practice that came under criticism in 1976 (see Special Committee Report, Box 12). The files in this series are arranged alphabetically by subject and include registration applications, political handbills, voter registration surveys, registered voter lists, ward voting lists, sample ballots, general election information, and correspondence. Series 4: Outside Agencies and Organizations The League was in contact with numerous legislators and civic organizations as well as local, state, and federal government agencies. The files in this series are arranged alphabetically and contain correspondence and information about the goals and services of the various organizations and agencies. The League had a representative on the board of the Mobile Area Community Action Committee. The MACAC files contain by-laws, minutes, monthly reports, programs, and correspondence ( ). Also included in this series are the notes and correspondence of Ike Madison, a Howard University law student. In 1965 Madison conducted workshops sponsored by the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund concerning fair employment practices in Mobile. Series 5: NPVL Operating Files These boxes include materials relating to the daily operation of the organization, such as general correspondence, log sheets, meeting announcements, press releases and editorials, special events, and financial records. Bills, invoices, and canceled checks have not been microfilmed. Most of the editorials were written by John LeFlore for the Mobile Beacon & Alabama Citizen. The series also contains incomplete minutes of the League meetings ( ), the constitution and by-laws, and membership lists. The records in each category have been arranged chronologically.

7 Series 6: Printed Materials This series contains news clippings and publications relating to civil rights issues. The clippings ( ) were taken primarily from local papers and refer to state and local events and are filed chronologically. The other publications include subscriptions and resource materials used by the League. These are grouped by publication source (e.g., U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, Southern Regional Council) or by subject (e.g., Military, Prisons, Education). Only the title page, and occasionally the table of contents, of most of these publications has been microfilmed. Supplement Additional Non-Partisan Voters League materials were given to us by the LeFlore family in 1995 after the collection had already been microfilmed. These materials have been arranged in the same series described above. Content List: Box 1 Major Legal Cases 1. Bolden v. Mobile, May-September Bolden v. Mobile, August Bolden v. Mobile, December 1975-July Bolden v. Mobile, March 1976-August Bolden v. Mobile, December 1982-February Bolden v. Mobile, March-April Seales, Willie, November-December Seales, Willie, January-February Seales, Willie, March Seales, Willie, April-May Seales, Willie, June Seales, Willie, July Seales, Willie, August Seales, Willie, September-October Seales, Willie, November Seales, Willie, December Seales, Willie, January Seales, Willie, February-May Seales, Willie, June-October Seales, Willie, January-May Seales, Willie, June-October Seales, Willie, November-December Seales, Willie,

8 31. Seales, Willie, January-June 1964, May Seales, Willie, July Seales, Willie, September-October Seales, Willie, January-August Seales, Willie, Expenditures, Seales, Willie, Names to be Added to Jury Roll, n.d Seales, Willie, Venire Facias-Jury Rolls, Aug-Dec Seales, Willie, Venire Facias-Jury Rolls, Jan-Feb Seales, Willie, Jury Roll, and Jury List, Seales, Willie, Jury Roll, January 27, Seales, Willie, Undated Jury Rolls 49. Seales, Willie, Undated Material 50. Taylor, Nathaniel, November 1964-May Taylor, Nathaniel, June-August 1965 Box 2 Casework: Civil Rights Violations 1. Aaron, Clifton 1A. Adams, Alvin (aka Baldwin), Adams, Aubrey, A. Adams, Samuel L., Adams, Theodore, Alexander, Cleveland, A. Anderson, Victor, Andrews, Frank, Andrews, Otis, Archible, Rufus Lamart, n.d. 8. Austin, Marvin & Virginia, A. Austin, Mattie, Bailey, Thelma, Baker, Karl, Barnes, Maggie Bell, Barren, Michael (Bay Minette, AL), Battles, Walter, Benjamin, James Lewis, A. Benson, Lillie, B. Bowett, Clyde, C. Boyd, William, Boykin, James, Bracy, Earl E., Bradley, Richard, Jr., Braggs, Edward, Bridges, Marvin L., Bridges, Willie James, Sr., Brinkley, Cynthia (USMC), Brown, Cora, A. Brown, Dennis, Brown, Lola, Browder, John, Bryant, Ruth, Buchanan, Clarence II, 1971 (see also #257)

9 27. Bush, Carsine, Bush, Felton, Byrd, Doris M., Campbell, Albert, Campbell, Charles, Carlton, Thomas E., Casher, Barbara Ann, Chancley, James, n.d. 34A. Christian, Jimmie Velma, B. Clark, Paul, Clark, Elijah, Jr., Clarke, Dorris C., Clausell, Willie J., Cleveland, James, A. Coker, Robert, Coleman, Darryl Sinclair, Coleman, Walter James, Cook, Joe Milton (Atmore, AL), Cook, William D., n.d. 43. Cooper, Vernon, Couch, John Edward, Cowan, Alfred L., Craig, Geneva, Craig, Rosena, Crawford, Clarence A., Jr., Crenshaw, Henry, Cruse, Charley, Cumbie, Mattie B., Cunningham, Thaddeus & Johnnie, Curry, Nathaniel, Dailey, Frank, Sr., A. Dailey, Samuel Lee, Daniels, Charley Ray (Millry, AL), Danley, K.W., Davis, Barbara (reporting incident), Davis, Jesse, Davis, Jolina (?), Deane, Conrad, Diamond, Glenn (Casmarah), Dickerson, David Lee, Dickerson, Glenn Wallace (Atmore Prison Complaints), Dubose, Derrick, Dunnam, Douglas R., Elliott, Herbert, Jr., Emanual, James R., English, Marion, Evans, Lyle B., Ezell, Albert Earl, Farley, Ernest, A. Fielder, Harold H., Finch, Roosevelt (Fairhope, AL), Fitzgerald, Jess, Fluckum, George Wm., 1975

10 75. Foraster, Robert, Francis, Frederick, Gamble, Isiah, Gardner, Van W., Garner, Eugene (Sunflower, AL), Glenn, Lily, Gordon, Viola, Graves, Louise D., Gray, Johnny, Grayson, McKinley, Grayson, Reese A., Green, Eddie, Green, Evangeline, Green, Willette, Greene, Peter, Jr., Griffin, Jonathan, Hadley, George, Hall, Clifford, Hampton, Aubrey, Hanks, Peter J., Harris, Benita Allen, Harris, Charles M., Harris, Jim (complaints against), n.d. 98. Harris, W. T., n.d. 99. Haston, Julius, Hauze, Floyd, Jr., Hawthorne, Michael, Henderson, Annie Mae, Henderson, Walter, Henley, David L., Hill, Armon L., Holloway, Bessie, Hopkins, Murrill Lee, Horn, Doris, n.d. 108A. Horne, Daniel (Thomasville, AL), Howard, T.A., Hubbard, Clifford, Hudson, Phaleon, Hudson, Rebecca, Hunter, Wilbert ("Bo"), Ingram, Charles A., Jackson, A. L., Jackson, B. Charles, Jackson, Barbara (Minor), Jackson, Bertha Mae, Jackson, James A., A. James, Chapman, Jr., B. Jarrell, John R., n.d Johnson, Calvin L., Johnson, Charles, Johnson, Floyd, Johnson, Joe Collins (Brewton, AL) 124. Johnston, J. B., 1972

11 124A. Johnson, Lois, Johnson, Lonnie, Jr., Jones, Norman, Jr., Jones, Willie, Kelson, Annie Dora (Bay Minette, AL), Kidd, Theophlis, Kim, Leon, Kimbrough, Doris, Kinner, James, Knight, Johnnie, et al. (Finchburg, AL), Knight, Mazie Lee, Knowles, Aubrey, Lafitte, Ronald, Ladd, Dwight, A. Lambert, Roosevelt, Langham, George, Lassose, Albert, Lee, Wilbert, A. Levert, Robert, Loftin, Dock E., A. Lowman, Ernest, Loper, Robert Lawrence, Maddox, Ray Charles, Madison, Major, Malone, Georgia Mae, Marshall, Annie Bell, Matthews, Richard M., May, Willie E., III, Means, Calvin Lee, Miles, Ronald, n.d Millender, Lindsey, Miller, Walter, Mitchell, Milton, Jr., Mobile, City of (LeFlore, et. al., plaintiffs), Mobile, City of (Police Brutality), Mobley, Mollie, Moffett, Harvey A., Montgomery, Cathy (minor), Moore, Therandell, Morris, Leo (Fairhope, AL), Morton, Frances, Mott, Jack Deweese, Muse, David E., McCants, Leonard C., McCovery, Michael, McGowan, Eddie, McCreary, Cornelia, McFerrin, Thomas (Brookwood, AL), McGuire, Mickey, McKenzie, Johnny Louis, McKinnis, Willie James, McMillian, Cecil, McTafice, Haywood, 1966

12 174. Nettles, Larry, Nicholson, Mrs. Georgia, Nicholson, Gloria Jean, Nickels, Reuben, Nye, Carlton (Bay Minette, AL), O'Hara, Taylor, Parker, Wesley, Parmer, Perry A., Parrish, Edward, Pearson, Danny, n.d Penn, Willie N., n.d Perkins, Hallie (?), Peters, George, Pettaway, Tracy Leon, Pitts, Freddie Lee, A. Pitts, Freddie Lee, B. Pitts, Freddie Lee, C. Pitts, Freddie Lee, D. Pitts, Freddie Lee, E. Pitts, Freddie Lee, Pledger, Larry, Police Brutality Cases (List), Porter, Charles W., Portis, Alexander, Powe, Addie, Powe, Annie Pearl, Powell, Willie, Prewitt, O'Hara Milton, A. Price, Bette, Prichard, City of (Police), Prim, Lonnie, 1972 (see also # 211) 199. Pritchett, Coleman, Quaites, Otis (Fairhope, AL), Rabb, Hattie Mae, Reese, Clarence, Reid, Lessie Mae (Bay Minette, AL), Riley, Larry (minor), n.d Roberson, Mary, Robinson, Blan, Jr., Robinson, Clifford (also Earl Bracy), Robinson, Eddie, Robinson, Jimmie, Rogers, Curley L., n.d Rutledge, Daniel, Scheurmann, Emile, Jr., Scott, Agnes, 1972 (see #196) 214. Scott, Authur, Scott, Bessie Ethel, Scott, Jack C., A. Seltzer, Ruby, B. Shavers, Barnice, Sims, Fred Douglas, Singleton, John Alford, 1975

13 219. Slater, Robert, Jr., Slay, Emirson Mack, Jr., Smith, Alvin, A. Smith, Arthur, Smith, Gene, Smith, George R., Square, Freddie, Stallworth, Nell, Stander, Jessie, Stephen, Quincy, Stephens, Carl, Sullivan, Alfonse (McIntosh, AL), Sumerlin, Richard, Jr. (minor), (Silas, AL), Tate, James Grant, Taylor, Barry, Taylor, Charles, Taylor, Ernest, Taylor, Robert Samuel, Thames, Perry, 1973 (see also #253) 237. Thomas, Clifton, Thomas, Eddie L., Thomas, Joseph C., Thomas, Marilyn, Thornton, Larry, Tinsley, Norman, Jr., Turner, Jessie Lee, Turner, Leroy, A. Turner, Lindbergh, Walker, John, Jr., Washington, Carolyn, Washington, Keith Hicks, Wheat, Ovice V., White, Jimmie Leo, White, Lucious M., White, Tommie L., White, Vince Edward, Wilkerson, Sherman L., Williams, Andrew, Williams, Bobby Charles, 1973 (see also #234) 256. Williams, Henry C., Williams, Johnny, Williams, Leo, Williams, Roy C., 1971 (see also #25) 260. Wilson, Felix, Jr., Wilson, Robert, Wilson, Russell T., Wilson, Walter, Jr., Winston, Helen, Winston, Robert, Jr., Woodyard, John A. (Sunflower, AL), Young, Lavell, Young, Raymond, 1964

14 Box 3 Casework: Public Accommodations 1. ABC Auto Parts, A. Acme Cafe, Alabama, State of - Alcohol Beverage Control Bd., Alabama, State of - Driver's License Examiners, Alabama, State of - Mental Health Board, Albright & Wood Drug Store, All-State Bowling Lane, Anchor Cafe (Gulf Shores, AL), Armory, Fort Whiting, Arrington Nursing Home (Jackson, AL), Auto Drive-in Theater, A & W Drive-in Restaurant, Bama Drive-in Theater, Beachcomber Restaurant, Beacon Rexall Drug Store, Beltline Golf Range, Big D Food Stores, Big R Drive-in Restaurant (Greenville, AL), Blue Star Restaurant, Blueberry Hill Club, Booker, G. H. (Dentist Office), Brewton Medical Center (Brewton, AL), Buck's Truck Stop, Butler's Chick-a-Teria, Byrd's Rollerdrome, Camellia Bowling Lanes, Chickasaw, City of, Chick-in-Box Restaurant, Coach and Four Restaurant, n.d. 29. Court Lovell (Loxley, AL), Cove Apartments, Cut-Rate Auto Sales, Dairy Castle Snack Bar, Dairy Queen, Daugherty's Snack Bar, Davis Brothers Garage, Delchamps Inc., Dizzy Dip Drive-In Restaurant, Downtown Theatre, Evan's Coffee Bar, Fletcher's Barbecue (Club), Florida Bowl, Fore and Aft Cafe, Foster, Dr. Maynard V. (Hospital Integration), A. Foster, Dr. Maynard V. (Hospital Integration), Frazer, Dr. Emmett B., Jr. (Office), French Market Restaurant, Grant Company, W. T., Greyhound Bus Lines and Restaurants, 1961

15 47A. Greyhound Bus Lines and Restaurants, Greyhound Bus Lines and Restaurants, , Gulf Furniture, Gulf Service Stations, Gulf Transport Co., Halsell, Mrs. Fannie P. (Cafe Incident in Mississippi), Hardin, Dr. John E. (Office), Holiday Inn East (Mobile), Hospitals - General Information, Hospitals - McMillian Memorial and Brewton Medical Center, Hospitals - Bryce Mental (Tuscaloosa) and Searcy Medical (Mt. Vernon), A. Hospitals - Bryce Mental and Searcy Medical, B. Hospitals - Bryce Mental and Searcy Medical, Hospitals - DePorres, Martin, Hospitals - Hale County (Greensboro, AL), Hospitals - Lee County (Opelika, AL), Hospitals - Mobile General, Hospitals - Mobile Infirmary, Hospitals - Mobile Infirmary, A. Hospitals - Mobile Infirmary, Hospitals - Mobile Infirmary, Hospitals - Providence, A. Hospitals - Providence, Hospitals - Stabler Memorial (Greenville, AL), Hospitals - Suburban (Satsuma, AL), Hospitals - Thomas Hospital (Fairhope, AL), Hospitals - Tuberculosis (Sixth District, Mobile), Hospitals - Whitfield Memorial (Demopolis, AL), Johnny's Drive-In Restaurant, Kiwanis Boy's Club (Crichton, AL), Kobitz Restaurant, Kress Co., S. H., Krystal Company, Landrum's Cafe, Larry's Drive-in Restaurant, Lawrence Restaurant, L & N Railroad, A. L & N Railroad, B. L & N Railroad, Long's Supermarket, Longview Service Station, Lyn-Wood Nursing Home, Mack's Drive-in, Malbis Restaurant, Mangel's Dress Shop, Mobile City Bus Lines, [see also BMS file Box 5 (Bolden)] 88. Mobile, City of - City Commissioners, Mobile, City of - Library and Library Board, Mobile, City of - Municipal Airport, Mobile, County of - Board of Registrars, Mobile, County of - Detention Home, Mobile, County of - License Commissioner, Mobile, County of - Sheriff's Office,

16 95. Mobile Rescue Mission, Mobile Rug and Shade, Mobile Steak House, Molyneux Drug Store, Mom & Pop's Truck Stop (Grand Bay, AL), Montgomery, City of - Airport, Nader's Restaurant (Calvert, AL), Neisner Brothers, New Spic Social Club, Northgate Apartments, n.d Old Corral Restaurant, Old South Cafe, Ossie's Bar-B-Cue, Outlet Department Store, Phillips Petroleum, Co., Pig Pen Restaurant, Pollman's Bakery, Prichard Bowling Lanes, Ponderosa Drive-in, Red Dolphin Supper Club, Restaurants (General), A. Restaurants, Rex Cafe, Rexall Drugs, n.d Roadway Inn, Roxy Theater, Russel's, Dick, Bar-B-Cue, Salvation Army, Sara-Sat Restaurant, Savage, Dr. Charles H., Jr., (Office), Seafarer's International Union, Sears Department Store, Skate Haven Roller Rink, Smith, Fletcher Cafe (Citronelle, AL), Shell Service Station, Sky Ranch Steakhouse, Springhill Medical Center, Standard Oil Corp., Steele's Restaurant, Sully's Drive-in (Saraland), Summerdale Court Apartments, Tanner's Kwik Lunch, Texaco Service Station, Texas Burger Drive-in, T G & Y Stores, Three Way Truck Stop (Mississippi), Tiny Diny Restaurant, Tito's Restaurant, Trailerette Diner, Trail Inn Restaurant, Trailways Bus Company, Travelodge Motel, Twin Oaks Nursing Home, 1967

17 147. Twix and Tween Restaurant, Underpass Inn, Union News Restaurant, Union News Restaurant, Vel's Diner, A. Waiting Rooms (Doctors Offices), n.d Walgreen Drug Company, Weinacker's Department Store, Western Auto (Fairhope, AL), n.d Whigham's Service Center, Whitaker, Rennie (Apartment Rental), Wintzel's Oyster House, Woolworth Company, YMCA (of Mobile), 1964 Box 4 Casework: Employment Discrimination Alabama Dry Dock and Shipbuilding Company, Admiral Merchants Cole Dixie Transfer Trucking Company (1969) 17. Alabama, State of - Board of Plumbers Exam and Registration, Alabama, State of - Employment Service, Alabama, State of - National Guard, Alabama, State of - Personnel Department, Alabama, Tennessee and Northern Railroad Company, A. Alabama Power Company, Allied Paper Co. (Jackson, AL), Allison, George, Aluminum Ore Company, American Cyanamid Co., Asbestos Workers Local No. 55, Atlantic Department Store, Bacon-McMillian (Veneer Mill), Barnett Mill Works, Barnett Sales Co., A. Battle House Hotel, Bellas Hess Department Store, Big D Food Stores, A. Big D Nation 37. Blount Construction Co., Canton Warehouse (Baltimore), A. Citronelle, City of- Police Department, B. Colonel Dixie, c C. Cropp Construction Company, n.d. 39. Continental Motors Corporation, Continental Trailways Company, Cooper Stevedoring Co., Cooper Transfer Co., Counts Contracting Corp., Courtaulds of North America, Crawford, Vernon Z., Dairy Fresh Corp., 1968

18 47. Delchamps, Diamond Shamrock Chemical Co., n.d. 49. Dimensional Products, Doe, John and Company, Dreyfus, Louis, Grain Co., Dreyfus, Louis Grain Co., Eastern Electric Co., Eckerd's Drug Stores, Eight Kings Restaurant, Electrical Workers Union, #505, Emperor Clock Co., Ernest Construction Co., Escambia County Mill (Atmore, AL), GAF Corporation, GFA Transport Co., Gardner's Landscape Service, Gateway Drug Care Center, Gayfer's Department Store, Gaylord's Department Store, Geigy Chemical Co., Georgia Pacific Corp., Gibson's Discount Center, Grant, W. T., Co., A. Greyhound Bus, Gulf, Mobile & Ohio Railroad, Gulf Sewing Co. (Citronelle), A. Hale Manufacturing (Foley, AL), Hammel Department Store, Heinz Jauch Co. (Fairhope), Holiday Inn (Mobile), Hospitals - Doctors, Hospitals - Mobile General, Hospitals - Mobile Infirmary, A. Hospitals - Searcy, Ingalls Shipbuilding Co Ideal Cement Co., Illinois Gulf Railroad, International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, International Brotherhood of Pulp, Sulphite & Paper Mill Workers, International Paper Co., J C Penny Company, Jackson, AL, City of - Water and Sewer Board, Johnson Motor Lines, K-Mart Stores, King Theaters, Kress, S. H., Co., Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co., Lerio Corp., Lerner's Shop, Lindy's, Litton Systems, Inc., Lorch Jewelry Store, MacMillan Bloedel United, 1973

19 109. McFarland Egg Farm, McKee Construction Co. (McIntosh, AL), McMillian-Bloedel United Co. (Thomasville, AL), McPhillips Manufacturing Co., 1967 Box 5 Casework: Employment Discrimination 113. Mangel's Department Store, Marine & Shipbuilding Workers of America (Local 18), Medi-Center, Mercury Freight Lines, Mid-South Home Health Agencies, A. Mississippi Housing Authority, Mitternight Boiler Works, Mobile Assn. for the Blind, Mobile Business College, Mobile City Bus Lines, , [see also BMS file Box 5 (Bolden)] 125. Mobile, City of - Bankhead Tunnel, Mobile, City of - Discrimination Lawsuit, A. Mobile, City of- Parks Department, Mobile, City of - Police and Fire Departments, Mobile, City of - Police and Fire Departments, (Allen/Bell Case) A. Mobile, City of - Water and Sewer Board, , 1970, B. Mobile Committee for the Support of Public Education, C. Mobile County - Department of Pensions and Security, Mobile County - Preston Anderson Case, Mobile County - Board of Health, Mobile County - Personnel Board, Mobile County - School Board, Mobile Gas Service Corp., Mobile Rehabilitation Center, Mobile Reserve Fleet (Bay Minette, AL), Mobile Steel Co., Mobile Tunnel Constructors, Mobile Pulley Works, A. Montgomery Ward Department Store, Moss Point, City of, Mt. Vernon, AL, City of, Naman's Food Store, National Airlines, National Food Company, National Wholesale Company, Neighborhood Youth Corps., New Hope Manor, Okaloosa Asphalt Enterprises, Outlet Stores, Pak-A-Sak Stores, Painters Local 1319, Picadilly Cafeteria, A. Pickens County School System, Pittsburg Plate Glass Co., 1970

20 157A. Prichard, City of (Charles Parr) Quality Seafood Company, Radcliff Materials, Inc., W. T. Ratcliff Company (General Contractors), Radio Stations (Joe Riley), Ray, Mrs. Carolyn L., Red Ball Trucking Co. (et al.), Republican Cresote Company, n.d Riley, George, A. Roadway Express Company, Rotary Rehabilitation Center, St. Francis Motel, Saraland, City of, Schwobilt Clothes, Scott Paper Company, Scott Paper Company, (Harold Douglas Williams), Scott Paper Company, Scott Paper Company, (Toni Morgan), Scott Paper Company, (Mrs. Clide Johnson), Solomon Brothers (Thomasville, AL), South Alabama, University of - Medical Center, South Central Bell, Sparkman, Senator John J., Stauffer Chemical Company, Stewart's Cleaners (Bay Minette), Teledyne Continental Motors, Tenneco Chemical Company (Bay Minette, AL), T G & Y Stores, Tick-Tock Cleaners, Toledo Edison Company (Ohio), Town and Country Restaurant, Town House Motel, Unijax Corporation, Union Carbide Corporation, United Air Lines, United Fund of Mobile, United Parcel Services, n.d U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Civil Service Commission, U.S. Corps of Engineers, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of the Army, U.S. Department of the Air Force, (Brookley Field), U.S. Department of the Navy, (Pensacola NAS) U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, ; U.S. Employment Office, U.S. Maritime Administration, (Jewel P. Foster), U.S. Postal Service, U.S. Postal Service, (Charles F. Stevens), U.S. Postal Service, U.S. Postal Service, (Investigation), U.S. Postal Service, (Investigation), U.S. Postal Service, 1974

21 U.S. Postal Service, (Richard L. Ball, Jr.), U.S. Postal Service, (Broadus/Bystrak), U.S. Postal Service, (Marcene E. Emmett), U.S. Postal Service, (Nelson L. Summerlin), WALA-TV, Wallace, Eddie (Pullman Standard), Walgreen Drug Company, Westinghouse Credit Corp., Warrior and Gulf Navigation Co., (Chickasaw, AL), Woolworth Company, ; WMOO Radio, 1972 Box 6 Casework: Discrimination in Education 1. Adams Nelson Middle School, Alabama State Teachers College, n.d. 3. Alabama, University of, Alabama, University of, (Juanita Collier), Alabama, University of, (Dorothy Davis), Alabama Vocational Trade School, Baker High School, A. Baldwin County Schools, Blount High School, Caldwell School, Camden Academy, n.d. 19. Citronelle High School, Clarke County Schools, Clark, K. J., Middle School, Coley, Cynthia, Cooley, Wilbert, Council, W. H., School, Davidson High School, Davis, Birdie Mae - Personal, Davis, Birdie Mae, Davis, Birdie Mae, Davis, Birdie Mae, Desegregation, General, Escambia County, Florida Schools, A. Escambia County School System, Faulkner State Junior College, Hall-Rain Middle School, Huntsville City Schools, Macon County Schools, A. Malone, Vivian, Maryvale School, Mertz School (Petition), Mobile County School Board (Correspondence), Mobile County School Board (Board Meetings), April 23, Mobile County School Board (Board Meetings), Mobile County School Board (Comparative Study), A. Mobile County School Board (Discipline Policies), Mobile County School Board (Five Year Budget), 1961

22 59A. Mobile County School Board (Petitions), n.d. 60. Mobile County School Board (Step Program), A. Mobile County School Board (School Sites), Mobile County High School (Grand Bay), Mobile County Training School, Moss Point, Mississippi, Schools, Murphy High School, NPVL Education Surveys, n.d. 76. Nursing Schools, Phillips Middle School, Prichard Parents, Bus Problems, A. Schools, General, Semmes, Raphael School, South Alabama, University of, Southwest State Technical Trade School, Theodore High School, Thomas, Angela, et al., Toulminville High School, Transfer Requests, Transfer Requests, 1964 & Rejection Lists Transfer Requests, Upward Bound Project, Vigor High School, Wade, Herchel, et al., Washington, Booker T., Middle School, Washington County Schools, Wilcox County Schools, Yancey State Junior College, Box 7 Casework: Civil Cases (non-discrimination) 1. Ainer, Geraldfine E. (Custody Case), Allen, William, Andrews, Terrice, Antone, Janice, Armstrong, Willie James, Ash, Barbara, Atalan, Michael, A. Audry, charles R., n.d. 7B. Austin, Mattie, AWP Grant Funds (Jackson, AL), Baker, Rayburn, Barren, Dora Lee, Bay Minette, AL (Urban Renewal), Beasley, Noble C., Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church, Black, Clara M., Black, James, n.d. 17. Bouney, Alvin P. and Mary E., Brehan, Oziel L., Brown, Herbert, 1973

23 20. Brown, Rev. James B., Brown, Mazie, Bryant, Louis L., Buchanan, Rose, Burke, Della, Callender, Elric I., Carr, Lonia B., Carstarphan, D.C., Chapell, Mary Ella, Chin Street Residents, A. Citizens of Prichard (petition), Clarke, Susie, Claude, Howard and Barbara Jean (Loan Application), Clemmons, Rosie Lee, Cooper, J. Gary, Cooper, Vernon R., A. Cowans, Darryl, Craig, Rosena, Crayton, Clarence E., Curry, John H. (Washington Co., AL), Daniels, Alan, Daniels, Willie LaBaron, Dailey, Lawrence, A. Davis, Billy Ray, Davis, Charles, Davis, Linda, Davis, Lorenza, Davis, William L., Dawson, Carol, n.d. 50. Day, Henry, Deas, Dorothy K., A. Dowels, Charles Ray, B. Dubose, Howard, n.d. 52. Edwards, Robert Lee, Jr., Ellen, Josephine, Evers, Charles (Mayor), n.d. 55. Fisher, Joseph, et al., Flock, Leo, Foster, Mary (re: Major Carter), A. Franklin, Mildred, Gaskin, Eddie, Gatmon, Norma, n.d. 60. Gilmore, James, Jr., n.d. 61. Glenn, Howard, Golden, Michael L., A. Gordon, Louise, Gray, John and Juanita, Gray, Johnny and Ola, Green, David, Jr., Green, Edward, Hall, Josh L., A. Hamilton, William E., Hampshire, Bettye Brongton,

24 68A. Hannon, W. C., Hardy, Charles N., Harlem Globetrotters, Harris, John C., A. Harrison, Emma, n.d. 72. Haskew, Sadie (Grove Hill, AL), Hearns, James, Henderson, Mamie R., Henry, Ysobel, A. Herron, Annie Laura, n.d. 77. Hill, Bettye Bryant, Hill, Larry, Hilliard, Allen, Hopkins, Henry Lee, n.d. 81. Houston, Rose Marie, Hoven, Tim., Howell, Jessie, Hurd, Brunetta, A. Irvin, Melvin H., B. Jackson, Andrew, Jackson, Ellis, Jackson, Joe Clark, Jefferson, Marzelle, A. Jemison, Eddie, Jenkins, Lillie Elizabeth, Johnson, Banks, A. Johnson, Lawrence, Johnson, Willie G., Jones, Carrie G., Jones, George Edward, Jones, Hugh L., A. Jones, Willie, Jr., B. Jones, Lula G., C. Jones, Louise, Kennedy, Sylvester, Kidd, Estine, Kidd, Lavon, Kidd, Lucy W., Knowles, Audry, Lafitte, Jimmy Ray, Lawson, A. V., A. Leggett, Mary, Lett, Dewey, Lett, Jake E., Jr., Leverett, Melvin, Lewis, Arthur E., III, Lovett, Britt M., Jr., no file 109. Marshall, Frank, Mason, Mamie, Matthews, Joe, Maxwell, Verma P., A. Mayes, Diana, 1967

25 112B. Mines, John, Mitchell, Louise, Mitchell, Otis and Louise, Mitchell, Russell A., Montgomery, C. H., Montgomery, Van, Moore, Anthony (a minor), Moore, Burke, Sr., Moore, Joe, Moore, Marvin L., Moore, Rubin, 1970 (?) 123. Morrissette, Aaron, Morrissette, Ray (U.S. Army), Mosley, Mrs. Jessie, Move, Arthur Lee, Jr., A. McBride, Delana, McCants, Josphine, McCoy, Lauria, McCurdy, "Red", McDade, Dorothy, McDonald, Clyde, McHadney, Alex, Jr., McGrew, Henriana, McMillian, Johnnie, McShan, George, n.d Neely, James, Nettles, Tommie, Nichols, Carolyn, Nicholson, Ida Lee, Owens, Johnnie Lee, Parrish, Jimmie Lee, Patrick, H. A., Patterson, Jessie Mae, Phelion, Sarah, Phillips, Martha, Pogue, May Louise, Poor Citizens of Mt. Vernon, AL, Prichard, City of, (petition), A. Prim, Willie, n.d Randolph, John C., Rarie, Calvin A., Rezoning (Citizens of Happy Hill), Reese, Albert, Jr., Rhodes, Mary M., Rivers, Wilie Mae, Robinson, Alphonse, Robinson, Christa Lee, A. Robinson, Lillian, n.d Ruffin, Mary Alyce, Sanders, Aaron Jerome, Saulsberry, Charlie, Scott, Bill (Christina-wife), Scott, Helen D., 1961

26 162. Scott, Levert, A. Scruggs, Talbert, Sellers, Mary, Sharpe, Mary B., Shedrone, Robert Lindsy, Shine, Robert, Shoots, Mabel B., Simon, Elizabeth, Singleton, Archie, Singleton, David, n.d Singleton, Elric, Slay, Doris, Smart, Benjamin, Smith, Elmira, Smith, James Everett, n.d. 175A. Smith, Lucille, Smith, Rose, n.d Smith, Sherman, Spratt, Donnia, Stallworth, Johnnie, Stanberry, James, Stevenson, Emogene H., Sullivan, Burl, A. Taylor, Mayme L., Taylor, Ollie Lee, n.d Tenant (Lynnwood Court Apartments), Thomas, Mary P., A. Thomas, Stella, B. Thomas, Willie, Tillman, Willmon H., A. Tims, Alberta, Turner, Helen, n.d Turner, Sie, Unionization (Domestic Workers), n.d. 189A. Vrahatis, Zelda, B. Vosan, Lucille, Wallace, George H., A. Walton, Alberta, Ware, Lillian Allen, Washington, Alvin C., Weaver, Joseph W., Welfare Cases (various), Wesley, Vetta, White, James, White, Rosa Lee, Whitlock, Samuel, Jr., Wicks Corporation (partnership), n.d Wiley, McKenzie, Williams, James, A. Williams, Leroy, Wilson, Hattie, Wilson, Lucinda, Wilson, W. W., n.d.

27 205. Wright, Annie Laura, A. Young, Earl Lee, Young, Leon, Young, Lucy, 1975 Box 8 Education and Employment Services 1. Education - Education Assistance (College Entrance Information), A. Education - Herbert Lehman Scholarship Fund, Employment, Affirmative Action (Approval of Plans), 1969, Employment, Affirmative Action Employment Plans - Boston, Chicago, Employment - Affirmative Action Employment Plans - Denver, Employment - Affirmative Action Plans - Indianapolis, n.d. 6. Employment - Affirmative Action Plans - New Orleans, St. Louis, Employment - Affirmative Action - CETA, Employment - Affirmative Action - Mobile Electricians Joint Apprenticeship, A. Employment - Affirmative Action (Youth Opportunity Programs, Mobile, AL), Employment - Announcements: State of Alabama, A. Employment - Announcements, n.d. 13-Oct. Employment - Announcements: Civil Service, Employment - Announcements: Mobile County Personnel Board, Employment - Announcements: Mobile County Employees, Employment - Announcements: Various, A-E. Employment Applicants (Fact Sheets & Resumes), , 1969, Employment Applicants (Interview Guides), n.d Employment Applicants (Information on), Leflore's Records 35. Employment Applicants (Introductions), Employment Application Forms (Various), n.d. 37. Employment Applications and Test Results (Various Organizations), Employment Examination Notifications and Results, Employment - Correspondence (Eastern Airlines), Employment - Correspondence (Francis Green Employment Agency), Employment - Correspondence (Various Organizations), Employment Search Correspondence (Various Organizations), Employment - Job Survey, 1974 Unmarked. Richardon, Alton (not filmed) Box 9 Voter Registration and Election Information 1. Ballot Distribution, n.d. 2. Board of Registrars (Registration Applications), Board of Registrars (Correspondence re: unfair practices), City Ward Election Returns, Finances, General Election Information, General Election Information, (Correspondence), Mobile County Voter Registration Project, , n.d. 19. National Democratic Party of Alabama, By-Laws, n.d. 20. NPVL "Pink" Sheets,