Advanced Rendering for Engineering & Styling

Transcription

1 Advanced Rendering for Engineering & Styling Prof. B.Brüderlin Brüderlin,, M Heyer 3Dinteractive GmbH & TU-Ilmenau, Germany SGI VizDays 2005, Rüsselsheim

2 Demands in Engineering & Styling Engineering: : Extremely large data sets (CAD models) + interaction (DMU) Styling: : Realistic appearance: materials, lighting Scalability: : speed / quality / hardware cost

3 How do we address these demands? Large Model Viewer: New Technology: Visibility-guided rendering Several 100 Mio polygons in real time Photo-realistic rendering, using Programmable shader technology of graphics cards Hybrid real-time global illumination High dynamic range rendering etc.

4 How do we address these demands? Scalability: Performance vs. Cost Laptop PC / Workstation Graphics s Server: multi CPU / GPU SGI Prism Linux 64 or Windows 32 operating systems

5 Visibility-guided Rendering Situation: Large scenes with more polygons than pixels: Ratio: > 100 / 1 This means most polygons are outside the view area have sub-pixel size, or are hidden by other polygons Graphics hardware cannot efficiently handle these situations directly Our visibility-guided rendering approach determines the visibility of polygons in real time, using new graphics hardware features and innovative data structures and algorithms This drastically reduces the load on the graphics hardware

6 Example: : Model contains 1,780,000 polygons Volkswagen New Beetle Convertible,, Model Courtesy of Vol

7 Only appr.. 385,000 polygons are visible Volkswagen New Beetle Convertible,, Model Courtesy of Volkswagen

8 Occlusion culling: Approximately 1.4 Million polygons don t need to be rendered Volkswagen New Beetle Convertible,, Model Courtesy of Volkswagen AG

9 Performance comparison Performance f(p) (fps) OpenGL 3D Graphics HW: f(p) = 1/P Visibility-guided rendering: f(p) = 1/log(P) 10 1 Ray Tracing: f(p) = 1 / log(p) 1 M 10 M 100 M 1 B Data Size (P) Average PC (2005) 3GHz CPU, 3D graphics card,, 500MB memory and 1M pixel display, direct Phong lighting, (no reflections, shadows, etc.).

10 Engineering Example Boeing 777 Extremely detailed CAD Model: 350 Million Triangles in Real Time

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12 Lighting and Materials Programmable Pixel and Vertex Shaders Image-based lighting Transparency HDRI, Reflections Blooming Tone Map, etc. These techniques integrate well with visibility-guided rendering

13 System Architecture: 2-Level Caching: Spatial Database Core Memory VRAM Core Memory GPU VRAM Database CPU Graphics HW Out of core rendering Prefetching mechanism to avoid lag time

14 Scalability Graphics Server SGI Prism: Multi CPU, multi GPU, global shared memory, high bandwidth RAID Power Wall Projection RAID System CPU Global Shared Memory CPU CPU CPU GPU GPU GPU GPU GPU GPU Video Compositor Video Compositor Performance gain for visibility-guided rendering?

15 Scalabiltiy in Performance Not necessary to render more polygons! (frame rate depends little on data size) However, high-end hardware power enables: High performance, global shared memory: e.g. 20 GB can load entire Boeing 777 into core memory Fast RAID system for even larger models: Navigate through Terabites of data directly from database without much latency Higher frame-rate rate through multi-gpu: Time sequential / AFR (linear speed-up, some latency) Tiling mode / SFR (near linear speed-up, no latency)

16 Scalability of Multi-GPU Systems Performance f(p) (fps) Visibility-guided rendering 10 GPUs GPU 10 GPUs 1 GPU OpenGL 3D Graphics HW: f(p) = 1/P 1 M 10 M 100 M 1 B Data Size (P) 10 GPUs can directly render appr.10 M polygons in real time. Already with one GPU, Visibility-Guided Rendering VGR is faster than direct hardware rendering witb 10 GPUs.. VGR also scales appr.. 10 times with 10 GPUs

17 Graphics Server Advantages: Additional performance for improvement of quality at consistently high frame rate: Sophisticated and complex vertex and pixel shaders for special materials and lighting effects Materials: E.g. brushed metals, leather, lacquers, etc. Hardware anti-aliasing aliasing

18 Higher frame rates with realistic rendering: HDRI: High dynamic range imaging, for realistic light reflections Soft shadows, indirect lighting in real-time Real specular object inter-reflections reflections (refractions) through hybrid, real-time ray tracing (multi-cpu)

19 Conclusions and Outlook Advantages of Visiblity-guided Rendering: Only one set of data! Utilize simultaneously for Engineering (DMU) and Styling Render quality and quantity No more need to simplify models!! Visualize large, detailed models directly from CAD Save time and money Scalability: : One software system for PC workstation, laptops Render server for power wall presentations

20 First Installations and Cooperation Engineering: Digital Factory Aerospace: EADS, Boeing Styling: Currently test with selected car manufacturers For test installation requests,, contact: 3Dinteractive GmbH