Radioactive Contamination Uranium Legacy in CA
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1 Radioactive Contamination Uranium Legacy in CA NATO SfP Project Brussels
2 Brussels
3 International Cooperation NATO SfP Project (since 2006) in Co-Operation with: ENVSEC (Environmental Security) Initiative in the Ferghana Valley, including OSCE, UNEP, UNDP, local governments with IAEA Technical Co-Operation Assistance Programme since 2005, 1 regional and several national projects (in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan) with ISTC (International Science and Technology Centre) with the Government of Norway Brussels
4 Project Objectives Characterization of source-terms and determination of local contamination in selected uranium tailing and waste rock sites Radiation dose and impact assessments Identification of appropriate mitigation/remediation countermeasures Brussels
5 Work done Field assessment missions carried out at former U sites in: Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Tajikistan Radioactivity measurement equipment provided/upgraded Analytical results provided by all participating institutions Training of young specialists (project participants) being completed Preliminary radiation dose assessments made Results reported at several meetings in the region (i.e. on Minkush, on Taboshar) Results comparable with IAEA International co-operation operation implemented Brussels
6 Results Kurday (KZ), Shekaftar (KG): normal (background) radioactivity levels Digmai, Taboshar (TJ): high activity levels at the Digmai tailings site: possible impact on population, specific situation in Taboshar Minkush (KG): specific radiological situation misuse of spent radioactive materials, immediate countermeasures needed/requested Chorkesar (UZ): specific radiological situation, potential misuse of contaminted sites At all sites: in general low levels of indoor Rn in dwellings, houses, public buildings, compliance with international standards needed Brussels
7 Digmay Tajikistan, outdoor Rn C Rn = 1500 Bq m 3 C Rn = 1000 Bq m 3 C Rn = 450 Bq m 3 Brussels
8 Sample collection Brussels
9 Min-Kush, Kyrgyzstan Brussels
10 Chorkesar, Uzbekistan Brussels
11 Taboshar - Tajikistan Gamma dose rate at FBR rock pile up to 1 µsv/h Gamma dose rate in the school: 0.18 µsv/h, Rn low Brussels
12 Taboshar Dose Assessment Indoor Rn: : 100 Bq/m 3 ~ 2.5 msv/y Drinking water (Ra-226, U, U Pb-210, Po-210) 210): < 100 μsv/y Foodstuff (Ra-226, U, U Pb-210, Po-210) 210): <10 μsv/y External radiation: low level U ore pile, i.e. exposure time 2000 hours/year (very conservative), dose 1 μsv/h = 2 msv/y Total radiation dose at Taboshar: ~ 5 msv/y Brussels
13 Intervention Criteria msv in a year 1,000 INDIVIDUALS CURRENT ANNUAL DOSE INTERVENTION ALMOST ALWAYS REQUIRED INTERVENTION MAY BE REQUIRED TABOSHAR: 5 msv/y 3 1 INTERVENTION USUALLY NOT REQUIRED Brussels
14 Risk assessment Perceived risk versus actual risk: Perceived risk by population high, based on lacking information, low living standard, emotions radiophobia Actual radiological risk: very low or none, i.e. dose of 5 msv/h = probability to develop 1 case of fatal cancer in people, due to radiation Brussels
15 Preliminary Conclusions Radiation doses low, no radiological risk and no actual health impact on general population Radiation at investigated sites localised with no influence/impact on broader areas, such as Ferghana Valley However, specific radiological situation should be addressed adequately, in order to remediate/mitigate such situations and to protect groups of people exposed. Brussels
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