Exercise 12 " Project Management "

Transcription

1 Universität Stuttgart Institute of Industrial Automation and Software Engineering Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Weyrich Exercise 12 " Project Management " Question 12.1 Cost Estimation with COCOMO One of the methods for calculating the costs of a software project is the COnstructive COst MOdel (COCOMO). The costs are calculated based the number of source code lines (in KLOC, i.e. Kilo Lines Of Code). In addition the kind of the software is considered which can be console (e.g. command line utility running in a MS-DOS box), GUI-based (e.g. usual windows application), or real-time (e.g. motor control software of a road vehicle). At the beginning of the project the number of source code lines has to be estimated. This can be achieved by using experiences made in former projects, e.g.: Simple Systems: Complex Systems: Very complex Systems: up to LOC to LOC more than LOC The COCOMO equations, also being the result of experiences from preceding projects, are: Console systems: PM = 2.4 * (KLOC) 1.05 GUI-bases systems: PM = 3.0 * (KLOC) 1.12 Real-time systems: PM = 3.6 * (KLOC) 1.20 The expected number of source code lines for a given complex software system is 75,000 LOC. The system is GUI-based. The costs per man-month can be assumed as follows: System Analyst Programmer Tester Manager Support-Team 10,000 /PM ("analyze requirements") 6,000 /PM ("design product", "programming") 9,000 /PM ("plan tests", "verification/validation") 12,000 /PM ("project Management") 7,000 /PM ("CM", "QA") a) Calculate the total effort for the development in man-months based on the COCOMO equations given above. b) Calculate the distribution of the effort over the project phases requirements analysis and conception, design, implementation, and integration and test using the cost matrix shown in figure 1. c) Calculate the effort and the costs for each activity within the above mentioned project phases. d) What are the total costs of the project?

2 Phase Requirements Design Implementation Integration and Test analysis and Conception 8% 18% 48% 26% analyze requirements 42% 10% 3% 2% desgin product 16% 42% 6% 4% programming 10% 14% 55% 48% plan tests 6% 8% 8% 5% verification und validation 10% 10% 12% 20% project management 8% 7% 5% 6% configuration management 3% 2% 6% 8% quality assurance 5% 7% 5% 7% 100% 100% 100% 100% Figure 1: Cost matrix Question 12.2 Net Plan Technique A net plan is a clear graphical representation of a complex project structure. It is created in two steps. At first a structure analysis is performed where all activities the projects consists of and their temporal dependencies are outlined. In a subsequent time analysis the minimum project duration (the so-called critical path) is determined and the begin and end dates of every activity are calculated. For the development of an automated warehouse a net plan is to be created. The following table shows the set of activities to be carried out throughout the project. Activities Duration Previous activities No. Profile (estimated) A Preparation 2 none B Design of the automated warehouse 4 A C Construction of the warehouse building 14 A D Development of the control system 9 B E Provision of the mechanical devices 3 B F Component test of control system parts affecting the 7 C, D warehouse building G Component test of control system parts affecting the 4 C, D, E mechanical devices and installation of both into the warehouse building H Installation of control system parts affecting the 4 C, D warehouse building I Integration test, system test and introduction 4 F, G, H

3 a) Create a net plan representing the dependencies between the given activities using the Critical Path Method (CPM). Calculate the earliest and latest time for each activity and determine the critical path. b) Create an alternative net plan using the Metra Potential Method (MPM). c) Draw a third project diagram in the form of a bar plan. Question 12.3 Net Plan and Gantt Diagram Name the advantages and disadvantages of net plans and Gantt diagrams.

4 Appendix A Solution Form for Question 12.1 a).. d) a) Total effort in PM = c) With the cost matrix from the lecture the effort will be distributed as follows: "Requirements Analysis and Conception": "Design": "Implementation": "Integration and Test": c) Efforts and costs for activities in the project phase "Requirements Analysis and Conception": Activity Effort Costs Requirements Analysis Product Design Programming Test Planning Verification and Validation Project Management Configuration Management Quality Assurance Costs of the project phase

5 Efforts and costs for activities in the project phase "Design": Analysis activities: 6.8 PM 68,000 Design activities: PM 171,360 Programming activities: 9.52 PM 57,120 Test planning: 5.44 PM 48,960 Verification: 6.8 PM 61,200 Project management: 4.76 PM 57,120 Configuration management: 1.36 PM 9,520 Quality assurance: 4.76 PM 33,320 Sum of costs 506,600 Efforts and costs for activities in the project phase "Implementation": Analysis activities: 5.46 PM 54,600 Design activities: PM 65,520 Programming activities: PM 600,600 Test planning: PM 131,040 Verification: PM 196,560 Project management: 9.1 PM 109,200 Configuration management: PM 76,440 Quality assurance: 9.1 PM 63,700 Sum of costs: 1297,660 Efforts and costs for activities in the project phase "Integration and Test": Analysis activities: 1.96 PM 19,600 Design activities: 3.92 PM 23,520 Programming activities: PM 282,240 Test planning: 4.9 PM 44,100 Verification: 19.6 PM 176,400 Project management: 5.88 PM 70,560 Configuration management: 7.84 PM 54,880 Quality assurance: 6.86 PM 48,020 Sum of costs 719,320 d) The project costs are equal to Project phase Requirements Analysis and Conception Costs Design Implementation Integration and Test Total costs of the project

6 Appendix B Solution Form for Question 12.2 a) M 1 A 2

7 Appendix C Solution Form for Question 12.2 b)

8 Appendix D Solution Form for Question 12.2 c) A B C D E F G H I