Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan 2012

Transcription

1 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan 2012 This document, a description of the New Jersey Ambient Air Monitoring Network for 2012, is available for public comment. Please public comments by June 29, 2012 to bamweb@dep.state.nj.us,or write to: Chief, Bureau of Air Monitoring New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Mail : H PO Box 420 Trenton, NJ NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Bureau of Air Monitoring June 2012

2 Table of Contents Section Page Number EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 INTRODUCTION 3 NETWORK DESIGN 4 SITE SELECTION OF NEAR-ROADWAY NO 2 STATION 9 MONITORING SITE DESCRIPTION OF NEAR-ROADWAY NO 2 STATION 14 THE NEW JERSEY MONITORING NETWORK 15 CHANGES TO THE NETWORK 18 NEW JERSEY AIR MONITORING SITE DESCRIPTIONS 19 GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS 62 REFERENCES 64 APPENDIX A: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 65 APPENDIX B: CARBONYLS 67 APPENDIX C: PM 2.5 SPECIATION 68 APPENDIX D: OZONE PRECURSORS 70 DISCLAIMER Mention of trade names, manufacturers or commercial products in this document does not constitute New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection endorsement or recommendation for use NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As described in the following Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) has established lead monitoring at the existing Newark Firehouse station, re-established a monitoring station in Camden City, and plans to establish a near-roadway monitoring station in Fort Lee by the end of In the last 2 years, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) revised the health-based National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NA) for nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and revised minimum requirements for the number and location of monitoring stations for carbon monoxide (CO), lead (Pb), NO 2 and SO 2 monitoring networks. For NO 2, a new 1-hour average NA was established at 100 parts per billion (ppb), and for SO 2, a new 1-hour average NA was established at 75 ppb. The revisions to the networks require the establishment of one new Pb monitoring location by January 2012, and a new near-roadway NO 2 monitoring location by January 2013, but they allow a significant reduction in the number of monitoring stations that the NJDEP currently operates. The resources saved by further network reductions will be used to implement technology changes that will improve the value of the data and save on the resources needed to collect it, to monitor for new types of pollutants such as air toxics and indicators of diesel exhaust emissions, and to reduce or eliminate the manual sampling of particulates by investing in continuous particulate monitoring analyzers. INTRODUCTION In the Federal Register of October 17, 2006, the USEPA revised Subpart B Monitoring Network of Part 58 Ambient Surveillance Networks of Title 40 of the of Federal Regulations. Specifically, the NJDEP is required by the revised regulations to submit an Annual Monitoring Network Plan to the USEPA Region 2 Regional Administrator by July 1 of every year starting in 2007, and to have the Plan available for public inspection for at least 30 days prior to its submittal to the USEPA. The Plan should describe State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS), National Core (NCore) stations, Speciation Trends Network (STN) stations, State speciation stations, Special Purpose Monitor (SPM) stations, and Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS). The regulations also require the NJDEP to submit an assessment of its Air Monitoring Network every 5 years starting July 1, 2010 and to have all NCore multi-pollutant stations operational by January 1, This 2012 Network Plan contains all the information required by the regulations, along with an overview of air monitoring network concepts, descriptions of the air monitoring sites, large and small scale maps of the monitoring stations, and a summary of the changes to the Air Monitoring Network that the NJDEP expects to implement in the next two years. It is available for download from the Bureau of Air Monitoring s website, or as a hardcopy by calling Brigantine air monitoring site located in the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge near Atlantic City NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

4 NETWORK DESIGN Air monitoring sites are designed to meet one or more of the following objectives: to measure maximum pollutant concentrations, to assess population exposure, to determine the impact of major pollution sources, to measure background levels, to determine the extent of regional pollutant transport, and to measure secondary impacts in rural areas. Summary monitoring data are provided to various public and media outlets, and real-time data is used to update a graphic on the Bureau s webpage that rates the current air quality throughout the state. The real-time data is also supplied to the USEPA which displays current air quality data from throughout the nation on the webpage, The following is a summary of the federal Ambient Monitoring Network Requirements for carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O 3 ), fine particles (PM2.5), inhalable particles (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), lead (Pb) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), including the minimum number of required stations by pollutant for New Jersey. Carbon Monoxide Network Requirements According to the August 2011 revisions to 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix D.4.2 Carbon Monoxide Design Criteria, one CO monitor is required in Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSA) that have a population of 1,000,000 or more, and this monitor shall be collocated with the near-roadway NO 2 monitor. The nearroadway CO monitors are to be operational by January 1, In addition, one trace-level CO monitor is required at the NCore station at the Newark Firehouse. There are currently 6 CO monitors in New Jersey. Table 1: Comparison of Carbon Monoxide Network Requirements with Current Carbon Monoxide Network CBSA Name CBSA Population # of Required # of Current Comment 2006 Stations Stations Allentown- 110, None required Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Atlantic City, NJ 271, None required New York- Northern New 6,405, stations more than minimum Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Ocean City, NJ 97, None required Philadelphia- 1,316, Meets minimum Camden- Wilmington, PA- NJ-DE-MD Trenton-Ewing, NJ 367, None required Vineland-Millville- Bridgeton, NJ 154, None required The NJDEP will fulfill the near-roadway CO requirement by adding a CO monitor to the proposed nearroadway NO 2 monitoring station in Fort Lee. Ozone Network Requirements For O 3, the minimum number of stations is based on the CBSA population and whether the O 3 design value is greater than or equal to 85% of the O 3 NA or less than 85% of the NA. This is summarized in Table 2. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

5 Table 2: Minimum Network Requirements for Ozone CBSA Population # Stations (Design Value >85% NA) # Stations (Design Value <85% NA) > 10 million million ,000-<4 million , , Since the O 3 Design Values for all the CBSAs in New Jersey are above 85% of the NA, Table 9 lists the CBSAs, their respective populations, the minimum number of stations required by the CBSA population based on having a Design Value greater than 85% of the NA, the current number of stations located in each CBSA, and whether each CBSA meets the minimum requirements. The Ocean City and Trenton-Ewing CBSA each need one more O 3 monitor. Since these CBSAs are small in population and area, the NJDEP will seek a waiver from the requirement to add additional O 3 monitors to these CBSAs. A comparison of requirements with the current network is shown in Table 3. Table 3: Comparison of Ozone Network Requirements with Current Ozone Network CBSA Name CBSA Population 2006 # of Required Stations (Design # of Current Stations Allentown- Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Comment Value>85%) 110, Meets minimum Atlantic City, NJ 271, Meets minimum New York- Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA 6,405, stations more than minimum Ocean City, NJ 97, Requesting waiver Philadelphia- Camden- Wilmington, PA- NJ-DE-MD 1,316, station more than minimum Trenton-Ewing, NJ 367, Requesting waiver Vineland-Millville- 154, Meets minimum Bridgeton, NJ PM2.5 Network Requirements Like ozone, the minimum number of stations for PM2.5 is based on the CBSA population and whether the PM2.5 Design Value is greater than or equal to 85% of the PM2.5 NA or less than 85% of the NA. This is summarized in Table 4. Table 4: Minimum Network Requirements for PM2.5 Population # Stations (Design Value>85% NA) # Stations (Design Value<85% NA) > 1 million ,000-1 million ,000-<500, There are many more currently operating PM2.5 stations in the New York-Northern NJ CBSA than required by the regulations. Considering that the population of this CBSA is more than six times the NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

6 lower limit of the highest population category, the number of PM2.5 stations in the New York-Northern NJ-Long Island CBSA is reasonable. The Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Atlantic City and the Trenton- Ewing CBSAs have more than the minimum required number of stations, while the Philadelphia- Camden-Wilmington CBSA meets the minimum. The Vineland-Millville CBSA needs 1 station, and the NJDEP plans to fulfill this requirement by adding a Federal Equivalent real-time PM2.5 analyzer at the Millville station. Table 5 illustrates the comparison of the PM2.5 network requirements with the current network. Table 5: Comparison of PM2.5 Network Requirements with Current PM2.5 Network CBSA Name CBSA Population 2006 # of Required Stations (Design # of Current Stations Allentown- Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Comment Value>85%) 110, stations more than minimum Atlantic City, NJ 271, station more than minimum New York- Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA 6,405, stations more than minimum Ocean City, NJ 97, None required Philadelphia- Camden- Wilmington, PA- NJ-DE-MD 1,316, Meets minimum Trenton-Ewing, NJ 367, station more than minimum Vineland-Millville- Bridgeton, NJ 154, station proposed PM10 Network Requirements The minimum number of required PM10 stations is based on CBSA Population and category of PM10 Concentration. High concentration category are for those samplers which measure ambient PM10 concentrations that exceed either the 24-hour or annual NA by 20% or more. Medium concentration values are those that are 80% or more of either NA. The low concentration category is for PM10 values that are less than 80 percent of the NA. These requirements are summarized in Table 6. All PM10 samplers in New Jersey are currently measuring concentrations of PM10 less than 80% of the NA, thereby placing New Jersey in the Low PM10 Concentration category. Table 6: Minimum Network Requirements for PM10 Population High PM10 Concentration Medium PM10 Concentration Low PM10 Concentration > 10 million million ,000-<4 million , , All the CBSAs in New Jersey currently meet the minimum required number of PM10 stations as shown in Table 7. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

7 Table 7: Comparison of PM10 Network Requirements with Current PM10 Network CBSA Name CBSA Population 2006 # of Required Stations (Low PM10 # of Current Stations Allentown- Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Comment Concentration) 110, None required Atlantic City, NJ 271, None required New York- Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA 6,405, Meets minimum Ocean City, NJ 97, None required Philadelphia- Camden- Wilmington, PA- NJ-DE-MD 1,316, Meets minimum Trenton-Ewing, NJ 367, None required Vineland-Millville- 154, None required Bridgeton, NJ SO 2 Network Requirements On June 2, 2010, the USEPA revised the NA for SO 2 by adding a new 1-hour primary standard of 75 ppb, revoking the existing 24-hour and annual NA for SO 2, and by revising the existing network design requirements. The final network design revisions established minimum number of stations based on a population weighted emissions index in CBSAs that fall in specified index values. According to this index, for New Jersey, a minimum of 3 SO 2 stations are required in the New York-Northeast New Jersey- Long Island CBSA, 2 stations are required in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington CBSA, and 1 station is required in the Trenton-Ewing MSA. These requirements are summarized in Table 8. Table 8: 2010 Minimum Monitoring Network Requirements for SO 2 Monitor Type Number of SO 2 Stations CBSA in New Jersey CBSAs with Index values >1,000,000 3 New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA CBSAs with Index values <1,000,000 and 2 Philadelphia-Camden- >100,000 Wilmington, PA-NJ- DE-MD Comment 2 stations more than minimum Meets minimum CBSAs with Index values >5,000 1 Trenton-Ewing, NJ Requesting waiver Areas With SO 2 Sources Not Conducive To Modeling, Areas With Multiple SO 2 Sources With Overlapping Plumes, Or Areas With Susceptible And Vulnerable Populations (EPA discretion) Under the new monitoring regulations, NJDEP will designate existing SO 2 monitoring stations in Bayonne, Elizabeth Lab and Newark Firehouse as meeting the revised minimum network requirements for the New York-Northeast New Jersey-Long Island CBSA. The NJDEP has established 1 new monitor in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington CBSA at the new Camden Spruce Street station, and the minimum number of stations for the CBSA is met with existing SO 2 stations in Philadelphia. The NJDEP NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

8 is seeking a waiver from SO 2 monitoring requirements in the Trenton-Ewing CBSA because an updated calculation of the population weighted index based on the most recent SO 2 emissions inventory for the Trenton-Ewing CBSA would fall under 5,000, which eliminates the monitoring requirement. The USEPA provided a deadline of July 1, 2011 to submit a revised SO 2 monitoring network plan, and January 1, 2013 to establish additional required monitoring stations. Pb Network Requirements On November 12, 2008, the USEPA revised the NA for lead by lowering the primary standard to 0.15 micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m 3 ), and by including new network design requirements for sourceoriented and non-source-oriented lead monitoring stations. Initially, the regulations required the establishment of source-oriented lead monitors for each lead source that emits one or more tons per year of lead, and the establishment of at least one lead monitor for each CBSA that has a population of 500,000 or more. On December 14, 2010, the USEPA revised the Pb network design requirements for the establishment of source-oriented Pb monitors by lowering the lead source threshold to 0.50 tons per year, and by requiring lead monitoring at NCore monitoring stations. The NJDEP has installed 1 lead monitor at its NCore station at the Newark Firehouse on January 4, Currently, there are no sources in New Jersey that emit more than 0.50 tons per year of Pb. NO 2 Network Requirements When 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix D was revised in 2006, the minimum requirements for the number of NO 2 monitoring sites were revoked. On January 22, 2010, the USEPA revised the NA for NO 2 by adding a new 1-hour primary standard of 100 ppb, and by revising the existing network design requirements. Under the new rules, one to two near-roadway NO 2 monitoring stations are required in CBSAs having a population of 500,000 or more. Also, at least one community-based NO 2 monitoring station is required in such CBSAs, and the USEPA Regional Administrator, working with the states, will site additional NO 2 monitoring stations to help protect communities that are susceptible and vulnerable to NO 2 -related health effects. These requirements are summarized in Table 9. The USEPA provided a deadline of July 1, 2012 to submit a revised NO 2 network plan, and January 2, 2013 to establish any additional required monitoring stations. Table 9: 2010 Minimum Monitoring Network Requirements for NO 2 Monitor Type Number of NO 2 Stations Near Major Road in Urban Area >500,000 1 Near Major Road In Urban Area >2.5 Million, Or >250,000 AADT 1 Community Monitor In Urban Area >1 Million (NCore Site) 1 To Help Protect Communities That Are Susceptible And Vulnerable To (EPA discretion) NO 2 -Related Health Effects At first glance, only the New York-Northern NJ-Long Island and the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington CBSAs would require monitors. Also, a new NO 2 monitor can easily be installed at Newark Firehouse, New Jersey s NCore station. However, the regulations also require that Near Major Road NO 2 stations should be placed within 50 meters of the roadway, and no current New Jersey monitoring station is situated that close to a major road. The NJDEP has already established an NO 2 monitor at a community based site, the NCore station at Newark Firehouse, and the NJDEP is planning to establish 1 near-roadway NO 2 station in Fort Lee which is in the New York-Northeast New Jersey-Long Island CBSA. The NJDEP plans to designate, with EPA approval, existing NO 2 stations that meet the criteria for Monitors To Help Protect Communities That Are Susceptible and Vulnerable to NO 2 -Related Health Effects. The next sections provide the rationale for selecting the Fort Lee near-roadway NO 2 monitoring station. The rationale follows the guidance in the Near-Road NO 2 Monitoring Technical Assistance Document prepared by the USEPA. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

9 SITE SELECTION OF NEAR-ROADWAY NO 2 STATION In New Jersey, there are six CBSAs, which are made up of one or more contiguous counties: the Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, the Atlantic City, the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, the Ocean City, the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, the Trenton-Ewing, and the Vineland-Millville- Bridgeton CBSAs. A map of these counties is shown in Figure 1, and a summary of the populations of these CBSAs is found in Table 10. Figure 1: Core-Based Statistical Areas in New Jersey (also Metropolitan Statistical Areas) NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

10 Table 10: Core-Based Statistical Areas in New Jersey and Population CBSA Name Allentown- Bethlehem- Easton, PA-NJ Atlantic City, NJ New York- Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ- PA Ocean City, NJ Philadelphia- Camden- Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Trenton- Ewing, NJ Vineland- Millville- Bridgeton, NJ CBSA Population 2009 Counties in CBSA County Population ,638 Warren 109, ,712 Atlantic 271,712 6,386,082 Middlesex 790,738 Monmouth 644,105 Ocean 573,678 Somerset 326,869 Essex 769,644 Hunterdon 130,034 Morris 488,518 Sussex 151,118 Union 526,426 Bergen 895,250 Hudson 597,924 Passaic 491,778 96,091 Cape May 96,091 1,320,249 Burlington 446,108 Camden 517,879 Gloucester 289,920 Salem 66, ,222 Mercer 366, ,745 Cumberland 157,745 With over six million in population covering twelve counties, the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA CBSA requires 2 near-road NO 2 monitoring stations. The Philadelphia-Camden- Wilmington CBSA has greater than 500,000 in population, but less than 2,500,000, and is required to have 1 near-road NO 2 monitoring station. The other areas are not required to have NO 2 stations since their populations are less than 500,000. A map of the New Jersey highway system is shown in Figure 2, and Table 11 lists the top 60 roadway segments that were measured to have the highest total AADT as measured by the New Jersey Department of Transportation. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

11 Figure 2: Map of Major Roadways in New Jersey NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

12 Table 11: Top 60 Roadway Segments in NJ with the Highest Total AADT CMSNUM RT_LTR COUNTY SUMOFVOL24 Rank SUMOFTRK24 Rank FE-AADT FE-Rank 3581 I-95 BERGEN 311, , , I-95 BERGEN 275, , , I-95 BERGEN 264, , , I-95 UNION 252, , , I-95 UNION 252, , , I-95 BERGEN 248, , , I-95 BERGEN 248, , , I-95 ESSEX 247, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 244, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 244, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 244, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 244, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 244, , , I-95 MIDDLESEX 240, , , I-95 UNION 240, , , I-95 MIDDLESEX 240, , , I-95 MIDDLESEX 240, , , I-95 UNION 240, , , I-95 UNION 236, , , I-95 UNION 236, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 234, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 234, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 234, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 228, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 228, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 228, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 223, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 223, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 221, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY ESSEX 218, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY ESSEX 218, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY ESSEX 218, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY ESSEX 218, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 212, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 207, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 207, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 207, , , I-95 MIDDLESEX 205, , , I-95 MIDDLESEX 205, , , I-95 MIDDLESEX 205, , , I-95 MIDDLESEX 205, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY ESSEX 202, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 198, , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY ESSEX 198, , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY UNION 198, , I-95 MIDDLESEX 196, , , I-95 MIDDLESEX 196, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY ESSEX 194, , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 193, , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 189, , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MONMOUTH 189, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 189, , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 189, , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MONMOUTH 189, , , I-76 CAMDEN 189, , , I-76 CAMDEN 189, , , I-76 CAMDEN 189, , , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 186, , GARDEN STATE PARKWAY MIDDLESEX 186, , I-76 CAMDEN 183, , , I-76 CAMDEN 183, , , Source: New Jersey Department of Transportation NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

13 The top 58 segments by AADT are all in the New York CBSA, and 15 of the top 20 segments are on portions of the New Jersey Turnpike in Bergen, Essex, Middlesex and Union counties. The location with the highest AADT in the state is at the approach to the toll booths for the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee. This location also ranked 30th overall in terms of truck traffic. In terms of the Fleet Equivalent Annual Average Daily Traffic, (a statistic that considers the emissions of 1 heavy duty truck as equivalent to 10 regular-duty motor vehicle) this roadway segment is 11 th highest in New Jersey. The NJDEP already operates a site near the segments with the highest truck counts which are near Exit 13 of the New Jersey Turnpike in Union County. While this site does not meet all siting criteria for a near roadway monitoring site, the NJDEP believes that it adequately represents near road exposures near roadway segments of this type. For this and other reasons, the NJDEP is proposing to locate one near-road site in Fort Lee adjacent to the highest AADT road segment. In addition to having the highest overall traffic, it has very heavy truck traffic and is located in a community with pedestrian overpasses, residences, and businesses in immediate proximity to the road. The proposed Fort Lee near-roadway NO 2 monitoring station is identified by a red circle in the satellite photograph of Fort Lee shown in Figure 3. Figure 3: Proposed Fort Lee Near-Roadway NO 2 station Address: Corner of Hoyt Avenue & Central Road, Fort Lee, NJ Latitude: Longitude: NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

14 MONITORING SITE DESCRIPTION OF NEAR-ROADWAY NO 2 STATION The proposed Fort Lee station is located in a maintenance yard owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Access to the maintenance yard is limited to Port Authority and NJDEP staff only. This area, which overlooks the George Washington Bridge Tollbooths, is adjacent to a commercial and retail area that is interspersed with tall office and residential towers. There is a high amount of pedestrian activity due to the proximity of shopping and dining establishments and bus stops. A photograph of the immediate area of the proposed station is presented in Figure 4. The NJDEP will employ an Ekto shelter to house the NO 2 analyzer and related equipment. The sample inlet is 1 meter above the roof of the shelter, and will be within 50 meters from the nearest traffic lane of the New Jersey Turnpike. Figure 4: Immediate Vicinity of Proposed Fort Lee Station NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

15 THE NEW JERSEY AIR MONITORING NETWORK The NJDEP is currently operating 38 air monitoring sites. Table 11 lists all the current monitoring sites along with the pollutants, categories of pollutants or meteorological parameters that are measured at each site. Figure 5 shows the locations of the monitoring sites across New Jersey. Several parameters, including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), particulate matter, and meteorological parameters, are measured by instruments that automatically collect and analyze data instantaneously and continuously. The data is transmitted to a centralized computer system in Trenton, New Jersey, once every minute, thus providing near realtime data. For fine particles (particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter or PM2.5) and inhalable particles (particles smaller than 10 micrometers in diameter or PM10), their respective instruments collect a sample over a 24-hour period. These samples are subsequently manually retrieved and then analyzed in a laboratory several days to a few weeks following their sample collection. USEPA-approved manual PM2.5 sampler on the roof of the Union City Health Department building in Hudson County PM2.5 concentrations are determined by both real-time analyzers and manual samplers. The real-time PM2.5 analyzers measure PM2.5 levels every minute, and the data is used, along with data from the other continuous pollutants, to generate a rating of air quality called the Air Quality Index, which is updated hourly on the Bureau of Air Monitoring s webpage. The manual PM2.5 sampler collects particles on a filter over a 24-hour period. The filter is retrieved following the completion of the sampling period and weighed in a laboratory. Data used for comparison to the NA must be measured by USEPA-approved manual samplers or USEPA-approved real-time analyzers. The NJDEP uses USEPA-approved manual samplers for comparison to the NA. The NJDEP also monitors many other pollutants which are grouped together into categories by their method of sampling or analysis. These categories are listed in the headings of Table 12. Sites that monitor for ozone precursors, pollutants that affect ozone formation and destruction in the atmosphere, are part of the national Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Station (PAMS) program. Ozone precursors are frequently referred to as PAMS pollutants. Pollutants in the PM2.5-Speciation category include trace elements, heavy metals, and carbon compounds that are analyzed from PM2.5 particles. VOCs and Carbonyls refer to selected carbon-based air pollutants that are analyzed from whole air samples or adsorbent media. The PM2.5-Speciation, VOC, and Carbonyls samples are collected by the NJDEP and are sent to USEPA-approved contract laboratories for analysis. Finally, the NJDEP also measures acid deposition, mercury, and two surrogates for particle pollution: smoke shade and visibility as measured by a nephelometer. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

16 TABLE 12: SUMMARY OF CURRENT AND PROPOSED NEW JERSEY AIR MONITORING SITES CO NO2 NOy O3 SO2 Smoke Shade PM2.5 PM2.5-Speciation Real-Time PM2.5 Nephelometer PM10 PM-coarse Lead O3 Precursors VOCs Carbonyls Acid Deposition Mercury Barometric Pressure Relative Humidity Solar Radiation Temperature Wind Direction Wind Speed Ancora State Hospital Atlantic City Bayonne X X X X X Brigantine X X X X X X Camden Spruce Street X X X X X P P P P P P P P P P P P Camden RRF X Chester X X X X X X X X X Clarksboro Colliers Mills X X Columbia WMA X X X X X X X X X X East Orange X X X X Elizabeth X X X Elizabeth Lab X X X X X X X X X X X X Elizabeth Mitchell Bldg Ewing X X Flemington X X X X X X X X Fort Lee P P P Fort Lee Library X Gibbstown Jersey City X X X Jersey City Firehouse X X X Leonia Millville X X X Monmouth University Morristown Amb Squad X X X X New Brunswick X X X X X X Newark Firehouse X X X X X X X X P X X X X X X X Paterson Pennsauken Phillipsburg Rahway X X Ramapo X X X X Rider University X X X X X X X Rutgers University X X X South Camden Toms River Trenton Union City X X X X Washington Crossing X X TOTAL (Current only) X - Current Site and P - Proposed Site and NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

17 FIGURE 5: MAP OF THE CURRENT AND PROPOSED NEW JERSEY AIR MONITORING SITES NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

18 CHANGES TO THE NETWORK, In January 2012, a Pb monitor was added to the Newark Firehouse station to satisfy the requirements for NCore monitoring stations. In April 2012, the NJDEP re-established a monitoring station in Camden and plans to establish a near-road NO 2 monitoring station in Fort Lee by the end of The proposed Fort Lee station, which is in close proximity to the previous station, will measure NO 2, CO, and a real-time PM2.5. Table 13 summarizes the monitors that the NJDEP established and proposes to establish through December Table 13: Monitors Established or Proposed, July 2011 December 2012 Date Site Monitors Established/Proposed January 4, 2012 Newark Firehouse Pb April 9, 2012 Camden Spruce Street CO, NO 2, O 3, SO 2, PM2.5 December 31, 2012 Fort Lee CO, NO 2, PM2.5 The revisions to the networks require the establishment of a new Pb monitor, and a new near-road NO 2 monitoring location, but they allow a significant reduction in the number of monitoring stations that the NJDEP currently operates. The resources saved will be used to implement technology changes that will improve the value of the data and save on the resources needed to collect it. In addition, monitoring for new types of pollutants such as air toxics and indicators of diesel exhaust emissions will be initiated in place of some of the current measurements. These pollutants now seem to be of greater importance from a public health perspective. Of particular interest is providing information on the health impacts of motor vehicles, both gas and diesel powered, and other pollutants that are likely to affect urban populations in the state. Most of the monitoring at urban sites at this time is for CO and SO 2. This results in air quality ratings in cities that are based on pollutants that are only present at very low levels. To meet this challenge, the NJDEP plans to establish monitors that measure real-time benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and black carbon at existing monitoring stations in Bayonne, Elizabeth Lab, Newark Firehouse, Camden Spruce Street and at the proposed station in Fort Lee. Although these pollutants do not have federal standards, they are indicators of diesel particulate matter or measurements of air toxic pollutants that are prevalent in the highly urbanized areas. This effort will provide the air quality data in these urbanized areas that are not currently being measured by the criteria pollutant network. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

19 NEW JERSEY AIR MONITORING SITE DESCRIPTIONS According to 40 CFR 58.10, the following elements for each existing and proposed air monitoring station must be included in New Jersey s Network Plan: 1. the Air Quality Subsystem () site identification number, 2. the location, including street address and geographical coordinates, 3. the sampling and analysis methods for each measured parameter, 4. the operating schedules for each monitor, 5. any proposals to remove or move a monitoring station within a period of following Plan submittal, 6. the monitoring objective and spatial scale of representativeness for each monitor as defined in Appendix D to Part 58, 7. the identification of any sites that are suitable and sites that are not suitable for comparison against the annual fine particle (PM2.5) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NA) as described in 40 CFR Part 58.30, and 8. the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), Core-Based Statistical Area (CBSA), Combined Statistical Area (CSA) or other area represented by this monitor. The next pages supply the above information for current and proposed New Jersey air monitoring sites. All abbreviations and terms are defined and explained in the Glossary following this section, and Appendices A through D provide additional information on Volatile Organic Compounds, Carbonyls, PM2.5 Speciation and ozone precursors. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

20 Site Name Ancora Address Ancora State Hospital, 202 Spring Garden Road City, State, Zip Ancora, NJ NJ County Camden MSA/CSA Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 1/1/1966 Comparison to Not Applicable PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Ozone (O 3) Dasibi 1008 Ultraviolet 056 Continuous Urban Population Exposure To measure background concentrations for the southern part of New Jersey. May also measure maximum ozone concentrations downwind from the Philadelphia metropolitan area. No changes. Acid Deposition shut down December 31, NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

21 Site Name Atlantic City Address 1535 Bacharach Blvd City, State, Zip Atlantic City, NJ NJ County Atlantic MSA/CSA Atlantic City MSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 7/27/2001 Comparison to Yes PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Fine Particles (PM2.5) R&P 2025 Low-volume sequential sampler Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Gravimetric 118 Every 3 days Neighborhood Population Exposure To measure fine particle concentrations in the commercial area of Atlantic City. No changes. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

22 Site Name Bayonne Address Veterans Park on Newark Bay, 25th St. near Park Road City, State, Zip Bayonne, NJ NJ County Hudson MSA/CSA New York-Northeast New Jersey-Connecticut CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 1/1/1983 Comparison to Not Applicable PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Nitric Oxide (NO) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Urban Population Exposure Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Urban Population Exposure Oxides of Nitrogen TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Urban Population Exposure (NO x) Ozone (O 3) Dasibi 1008 Ultraviolet 056 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2) TECO 43A Pulsed fluorescence 060 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure To measure population exposure in the Hudson County area. Existing SO 2 monitor is designated as meeting revised 2010 SO 2 monitoring network requirements, plan to add measurement of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX) and black carbon. Nitric Oxide data (NO) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x) data are not submitted to USEPA s database. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

23 Site Name Brigantine Address Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge Visitor Center, Great Creek Road City, State, Zip Oceanville, NJ NJ County Atlantic MSA/CSA Atlantic City MSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 1/1/2007 Comparison to Yes PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Ozone (O 3) TECO 49i Ultraviolet 047 Continuous Urban Background Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2) TECO 43iTLE Pulsed fluorescence 560 Continuous Urban Background Fine Particles (PM2.5) R&P 2025 Lov-volume sequential sampler Gravimetric 118 Every 3 days Urban Background Real-time PM R&P 1400 TEOM- Gravimetric, Total FDMS Atmospheric PM Continuous Urban Background Real-time PM R&P 1400 TEOM- Gravimetric, Acceptable FDMS PM Continuous Urban Background Monitoring Objective Real-time PM2.5 Nephelometer Light-scattering Continuous Urban Background Mercury (Hg) Tekran 2537A CVAF Spectrometry Hourly Urban Background To measure pollutant concentrations and visibility in Class I areas. No changes. SO 2 is measured by a trace-level analyzer. Also an IMPROVE station, part of NESCAUM visibility network, Real-time PM2.5 data by Nephelometer and Mercury data not submitted to USEPA s database, the US Fish & Wildlife Service collects a weekly Acid Deposition sample which is sent to the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) for analysis. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

24 Site Name Camden RRF (Resource Recovery Facility) Address Morgan Blvd., & I-676 entrance ramp City, State, Zip Camden, NJ NJ County Camden MSA/CSA Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 5/8/1994 Comparison to Not Applicable PM2.5 NA? Inhalable Particles (PM10) Sampling Instrument of Analysis SierraAnderson Highvolume sampler Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Gravimetric 063 Every 6 days Middle Source Oriented To measure the impact of mobile sources in heavily used roadways in southern Camden. No changes. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

25 Site Name Camden Spruce Street Address 266 Spruce Street City, State, Zip Camden, NJ NJ County Camden MSA/CSA Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 4/11/12 Comparison to Yes PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Carbon Monoxide (CO) TECO 48C Nondispersive-infrared 054 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Nitric Oxide (NO) TECO 42i Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2) TECO 42i Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x) TECO 42i Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Ozone (O 3) TECO 49i Ultraviolet 047 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2) TECO 43iTLE Pulsed fluorescence 560 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Fine Particles (PM2.5) R&P 2025 Low-volume sequential sampler Gravimetric 118 Every 3 days Neighborhood Population Exposure Comprehensive air monitoring station in the Philadelphia-Camden metro area of southern New Jersey. Add meteorological parameters, real-time PM2.5, PM2.5 Speciation, Volatile Organic Compounds, BTEX and black carbon. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

26 Site Name Chester Address Bldg # 1, Department of Public Works, Chester Borough, off Route 513 City, State, Zip Chester, NJ NJ County Morris MSA/CSA New York-Northeast New Jersey-Connecticut CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 1/1/1978 Comparison to Yes PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Nitric Oxide (NO) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Urban Background Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Urban Background Oxides of Nitrogen Monitoring Objective (NO x) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Urban Background Ozone (O 3) Dasibi 1008RS Ultraviolet 047 Continuous Urban Background Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2) TECO 43A Pulsed fluorescence 060 Continuous Urban Background Fine Particles (PM2.5) R&P 2025 Low-volume sequential sampler Gravimetric 118 Every 3 days Urban Population Exposure PM2.5 Speciation Appendix A Met One XRF, IC, TOA App. A Every 3 days Neighborhood Population Exposure Volatile Organic Compounds Appendix B Canister TO-15 App. B Every 6 days Neighborhood Population Exposure Carbonyls Appendix C DNPH cartridge TO-11A App. C Every 6 days Neighborhood Population Exposure Mercury (Hg) Tekran 2537A CVAF Spectrometry Hourly Neighborhood Population Exposure Solar Radiation Qualimetrics Pyrometer 011 Continuous Neighborhood Continued on next page NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

27 (Chester, continued) To measure background concentrations in northern New Jersey. No changes. Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x) data and Mercury data are not submitted to USEPA s database, See Appendices A, B and C for more information on PM2.5 Speciation, Volatile Organic Compounds and Carbonyls. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

28 Site Name Clarksboro Clarksboro Shady Rest Home, Address Shady Lane and County House Road City, State, Zip Clarksboro, NJ NJ County Gloucester MSA/CSA Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 1/1/1981 Comparison to Not Applicable PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Ozone (O 3) TECO 49 Ultraviolet 047 Continuous Urban Highest Concentration To measure highest concentrations of ozone downwind from Philadelphia metropolitan area. No changes. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

29 Site Name Colliers Mills Address Colliers Mills Wildlife Management Area City, State, Zip Colliers Mills, NJ NJ County Ocean MSA/CSA New York-Northeast New Jersey- Connecticut CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 1/1/1985 Comparison to Not Applicable PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Ozone (O 3) TECO 49 Ultraviolet 047 Continuous Urban Highest Concentration To measure highest concentrations for ozone downwind from the Philadelphia metropolitan area and central New Jersey. No changes. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

30 Site Name Columbia WMA Address Delaware Rd, Knowlton Township City, State, Zip Columbia, NJ NJ County Warren MSA/CSA Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton-PA- NJ MSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 9/23/2010 Comparison to Yes PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Nitric Oxide (NO) TECO 42i Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2) TECO 42i Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x) TECO 42i Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Ozone (O 3) TECO 49i Ultraviolet 047 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2) TECO 43iTLE Pulsed fluorescence 060 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration Fine Particles (PM2.5) R&P 2025 Low-volume sequential sampler Gravimetric 118 Daily Neighborhood Population Exposure Real-time PM R&P 1400 TEOM- Gravimetric, Total 760 Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure Real-time PM Continued on next page FDMS R&P 1400 TEOM- FDMS atmospheric PM2.5 Gravimetric, Acceptable PM Continuous Neighborhood Population Exposure NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

31 (Columbia, continued) Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Barometric Pressure Vaisala WXT Capacitive sensor 060 Continuous Neighborhood Relative Humidity Vaisala WXT Capacitive sensor 060 Continuous Neighborhood Temperature Vaisala WXT Capacitive sensor 060 Continuous Neighborhood Wind Direction Vaisala WXT Ultrasonic sensor 060 Continuous Neighborhood Wind Speed Vaisala WXT Ultrasonic sensor 060 Continuous Neighborhood Monitoring Objective To measure population exposure for NO 2, O 3 and PM2.5; and highest concentrations for SO 2. No changes. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

32 Site Name East Orange Address Engine No. 2, Main Street & Greenwood Avenue City, State, Zip East Orange, NJ NJ County Essex MSA/CSA New York-Northeast New Jersey- Connecticut CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 1/1/1980 Comparison to Not Applicable PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Carbon Monoxide (CO) TECO 48 Nondispersive-infrared 054 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration Nitric Oxide (NO) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration Oxides of Nitrogen TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration (NO x) Relative Humidity Qualimetrics Capacitive sensor Continuous Neighborhood Temperature Qualimetrics Thermistor Continuous Neighborhood To measure population exposure in the East Orange and Newark areas. No changes. The CO, NO, NO x, Relative Humidity and Temperature data are not submitted to USEPA s database. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

33 Site Name Elizabeth Address 7 Broad St. City, State, Zip Elizabeth, NJ NJ County Union MSA/CSA New York-Northeast New Jersey- Connecticut CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 1/1/1970 Comparison to Not Applicable PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Carbon Monoxide (CO) TECO 48 Nondispersive-infrared 054 Continuous Micro Highest Concentration Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2) TECO 43A Pulsed fluorescence 060 Continuous Middle Population Exposure Smoke Shade Wallace Fisher Tape sampler 081 Hourly Neighborhood Population Exposure To measure the highest concentrations in the central commercial area of Elizabeth. No changes. Smoke Shade data is not submitted to USEPA s database. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

34 Site Name Elizabeth Lab Address Interchange 13, NJ Turnpike City, State, Zip Elizabeth, NJ NJ County Union MSA/CSA New York-Northeast New Jersey- Connecticut CSA Latitude Longitude Date Established 1/1/1970 Comparison to Yes PM2.5 NA? Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Carbon Monoxide (CO) TECO 48 Nondispersive-infrared 054 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration Nitric Oxide (NO) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x) TECO 42 Chemiluminescence 074 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2) TECO 43A Pulsed fluorescence 060 Continuous Neighborhood Highest Concentration Smoke Shade Wallace Fisher Tape sampler 081 Hourly Neighborhood Population Exposure Fine Particles (PM2.5) R&P 2025 Low-volume sequential sampler Gravimetric 118 Daily Neighborhood Population Exposure Real-time PM R&P 1400 TEOM- Gravimetric, Total FDMS atmospheric PM Continuous Middle Scale Highest Concentration Real-time PM R&P 1400 TEOM- Gravimetric, Acceptable FDMS PM Continuous Middle Scale Highest Concentration PM2.5 Speciation Appendix A Met One XRF, IC, TOA App. A Every 3 days Neighborhood Highest Concentration Continued on next page NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN

35 (Elizabeth Lab, continued) Sampling Instrument of Analysis Spatial Scale Monitoring Objective Volatile Organic Compounds Appendix B Canister TO-15 App. B Every 6 days Neighborhood Population Exposure Carbonyls Appendix C DNPH cartridge TO-11A App. C Every 6 days Neighborhood Population Exposure Mercury (Hg) Tekran 2537A CVAF Spectrometry Hourly Neighborhood Population Exposure Wind Direction Qualimetrics Wind vane 020 Continuous Neighborhood Wind Speed Qualimetrics Anemometer 020 Continuous Neighborhood The comprehensive air monitoring site in the northeast metropolitan region of New Jersey. Existing SO 2 monitor is designated as meeting revised 2010 SO 2 monitoring network requirements, plan to add measurement of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX) and black carbon. PM2.5 is collocated for precision. CO, Nitric Oxide (NO), Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x), Smoke Shade, Wind Direction and Wind Speed data are not submitted to USEPA s database; See Appendices A, B and C for more information on PM2.5 Speciation, Volatile Organic Compounds and Carbonyls. NEW JERSEY AMBIENT AIR MONITORING NETWORK PLAN