Input welcomed on District of Columbia s 2008 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan

Transcription

1 Input welcomed on District of Columbia s 2008 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) revised ambient air monitoring regulations in The requirements are outlined in 40CFR The revisions are expected to help the EPA, states, tribes and local air quality agencies improve public health protection and better inform the public about air quality in their communities. The monitoring regulation requires the District of Columbia to adopt and to submit to the EPA an annual monitoring network plan which provides for establishing and/or maintaining an air quality surveillance system. The annual monitoring network plan must be made available for public inspection for at least 30 days prior to submission to EPA. Submitting Comments on DC s 2008 Air Monitoring Network Plan The public inspection period for this 2008 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan draft document is from May 23-June 23, Please submit any comments to: Michelle Farver Environmental Protection Specialist Monitoring and Assessment Branch, Air Quality Division District Department of the Environment 51 N St., N.E., 5 th Floor Washington, DC Michelle.Farver@dc.gov More Information In 1970, Congress passed the Clean Air Act that authorized the EPA to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for pollutants shown to threaten human health and welfare. Primary standards were set according to criteria designed to protect public health, including an adequate margin of safety to protect sensitive populations such as children and asthmatics. Secondary standards were set according to criteria designed to protect public welfare (decreased visibility, damage to crops, vegetation, and buildings). Six pollutants currently have these NAAQS: ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (less than 10 microns, PM10 and less than 2.5 microns, PM2.5) and lead (Pb). These are commonly called the criteria pollutants. When air quality does not meet the NAAQS, the area is said to be in non-attainment with the NAAQS. For more information on the EPA s NAAQS, please visit:

2 District of Columbia s 2008 Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan DRAFT May 22, 2008 Monitoring and Assessment Branch Air Quality Division District Department of the Environment 51 N Street, N.E., Fifth Floor Washington, DC 20002

3 Table of Contents Table of Contents...i List of Acronyms...ii 1.0 Introduction District of Columbia s Ambient Air Monitoring Strategy District s Ambient Air Monitoring Air Monitors State and Local Air Monitoring Station (SLAMS) National Air Monitoring Station Network (NAMS) Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Network (PAMS) Special Purpose Monitoring (SPM) The Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (MPROVE) Pollution Parameters Network PM 2.5 Continuous Monitoring PM 2.5 FRM Network PM Chemical Speciation PM10 Monitoring Ozone Monitoring Network CO Monitoring Network NO x Monitoring Network SO 2 Monitoring Network National Air Toxic Trends Station (NATTS) DDOE Monitoring Stations Haines Point Station McMillan Station River Terrace Station Takoma Station Verizon Station Design Values PM 2.5 Design Values Ozone Design Values Ozone Design Values Network Assessment Network Changes Data Availability...12 Acknowledgements...12 Appendix A: Site Information Details...A-1 i

4 List of Acronyms AQI AQS AQD BAMS CSN CFR DC FRM FEM DCAAMS DDOE EPA IMPROVE MSA MIRA NCore NAAQS NATTS NAMS NE NO 2 NW PAH PAMS PM SO 2 O 3 Pb SIP SLAMS STN TEOM US VOC Air Quality Index Air Quality Subsystem Air Quality Division Beta Attenuation Monitoring System Chemical Speciation Network Code of Federal Regulations District of Columbia Federal Reference Method Federal Equivalent Method District of Columbia Ambient Air Monitoring Strategy District Department of the Environment U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments Metropolitan Statistical Area Multi-criteria Integrated Resource Assessment National Core Monitoring Network National Ambient Air Quality Standard National Air Toxic Trends Stations National Air Monitoring Station Northeast Nitrogen Dioxide Northwest Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Photochemical Assessment Monitoring network Stations Particulate Matter Sulfur Dioxide Ozone Lead State Implementation Plan State and Local Air Monitoring Stations Speciation Trends Network Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance United States Volatile Organic Compound ii

5 1.0 Introduction The 1970 Clean Air Act authorized the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for pollutants shown to threaten human health and welfare. Primary standards were set according to criteria designed to protect public health, including an adequate margin of safety to protect sensitive populations such as children and elderly. Secondary standards were set according to criteria designed to protect public welfare (decreased visibility, damage to crops, vegetation, and buildings, etc.). The District of Columbia Department of the Environment (DDOE) regulates air quality to protect public health and the environment. Monitoring data is a crucial component of regulations used to determine compliance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) primary and secondary air quality standards. Other important uses of these monitors include: support of timely reporting of the Air Quality Index (AQI) and issuing air quality forecasts, support of longterm health assessments, and tracking long-term air quality both to gauge effectiveness of emission control and abatement strategies and to quantify accuracy of supporting model evaluations. Air pollution comes from many sources. Cars, trucks, buses, factories, power plants and even fires can create pollution that will harm our environment. Determining the ambient air quality through monitoring is essential to effective control of air pollution. Today, the DDOE has five (5) permanent pollutant monitoring stations. Over the last 20 years, monitored levels of the criteria pollutants have decreased significantly due to various control measures implemented by DDOE and the EPA. Air monitoring began in the District in the 1960's, when DC started to monitor for total suspended particulate and other pollutants. The decade of the 1980's was a transition for air quality with the introduction of automobiles equipped with catalytic converters and the accompanying air pollution reductions for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Ozone and particulate matter with diameter 10 microns or less (PM10) have been greatly reduced, although DC still remains in non-attainment for ozone. The phasing out of leaded gasoline in the 1980s dropped the lead pollution to lower levels. New air pollution control technologies for stationary sources, including lower sulfur fuels, reduced sulfur dioxide, NO2 and VOCs. Six pollutants currently have NAAQS: ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (less than 10 microns, PM10, and less than 2.5 microns, PM2.5) and lead (Pb). These are commonly called the "criteria" pollutants. When air quality does not meet the NAAQS, the area is said to be in non-attainment with the NAAQS. This network plan document is to serve as follow up to District of Columbia s Annual Ambient Air Monitoring Network Plan and Periodic Network Assessment from 2007 and contains a brief description of the District of Columbia s air monitoring network, various parameters within the network, monitoring station and data information. This annual review document also confirms that the DDOE air monitoring network continues to meet all federally established monitoring as well as data assessment criteria. 1

6 As required by the Federal air monitoring regulation, the DDOE follows general guidance for air monitoring in areas of 1) expected high concentrations, 2) high population density, 3) significant sources, 4) general background concentration sites, and 5) regional transport of a pollutant. Not all air pollutants or areas of DC may have sites for all of these categories. Lastly, this network review lists any changes to the air monitoring network during the previous year of operation and lists any proposed changes for the current or future year. Details about changes to the monitoring network are discussed in Section 5. In the event site and parameter changes are necessary, DDOE consults with US EPA Regional air monitoring staff for approval. This annual network review, as required by 40 CFR 58.10, will be made available to the public on the DDOE website for a 30-day comment period and then submitted to EPA Region III by July 1 st of each year for approval. 1.1 District of Columbia s Ambient Air Monitoring Strategy The District of Columbia s Department of the Environment (DDOE) monitors, assesses and regulates ambient air quality in a joint effort with the EPA to protect the environment and public health. Ambient air monitoring systems are a critical part of the DC s air quality management program. Environmental management officials use the ambient air monitoring data for a wide variety of purposes in managing air quality. Air quality management involves a cycle of setting standards and objectives, designing and implementing control strategies, assessing the results of those control strategies, and measuring progress. Ambient air monitoring data provide accountability for emission strategy progress through tracking long-term trends of criteria and non-criteria pollutants and their precursors. The data also form the basis for air quality forecasting and other public air quality reports. Ambient monitoring data have many uses throughout this process, such as: determining compliance with the NAAQS; characterizing air quality and trends; estimating health risks and ecosystem impacts; developing and evaluating emission control strategies; evaluating source-receptor relationships; providing data for input to run and evaluate models; and measuring overall progress of air pollution control programs. On September 21, 2006, the EPA reduced daily PM2.5 NAAQS from 65 µg/m3 to 35 µg/m3. Along with the new daily standard, new ambient air monitoring regulations were implemented. On September 27, 2006, the EPA amended its national air quality monitoring requirements. The changes focus on retaining but reshaping existing monitoring networks to ensure that monitors are concentrated in areas with air quality problems, where monitoring is most critical. The rule also will add more monitors capable of providing real-time air quality measurements. The most significant feature of the new monitoring regulations is the establishment of new multipollutant monitoring sites. EPA and the states will add about 75 multi-pollutant NCore sites around the country. Monitoring multiple pollutants at the same site will help EPA improve air quality management by enhancing the Agency s ability to model and forecast air pollution. The sites also will provide real-time data for some pollutants, including particle pollution and groundlevel ozone. By requiring that these monitors be co-located with improved resolution, EPA s 2

7 rule will enhance the ability of federal, state and local air quality experts to examine the effects of multiple air pollutants on health and the environment. EPA will locate 55 of these sites in urban areas and 20 in rural areas in order to enhance the understanding of how pollution travels and of the differences between air quality in urban and rural areas. Network plans for NCore sites are due by July 1, 2009, with the full network operational by January 1, Although the NCore sites are not finalized, DC has one site that is on the proposed list: the McMillan Reservoir site. Although no PM coarse (PM10-2.5; PM between 10 microns and 2.5 microns in diameter) standard was put forth in the final rule, PM monitoring will be required at the NCore sites in order to gather additional PM data for future rule-making efforts. The current network and the proposed network changes presented in this document are consistent with the new national air quality monitoring requirements. 2.0 District s Ambient Air Monitoring The Monitoring and Assessment Branch in the District Department of the Environment s Air Quality Division operates, maintains, and performs all functions of the ambient air quality monitoring required in the District by EPA. The network consists of five active air monitoring sites. Sampling covers all criteria air pollutants, urban air toxic, fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) speciation, and photochemical assessment monitoring station (PAMS) parameters. The Map 1 below shows the network on a DC map, and the Table 1 gives the monitor type information. 3

8 Table 1: District of Columbia s Ambient Air Monitoring Network and Monitor Type Site Name Site Address Monitor Type Parameter Verizon st & L Streets, N.W. NAMS/SLAMS Carbon monoxide Takoma Dailia St. & Piney Branch NAMS/ SLAMS Nitrogen dioxide Road N.W. NAMS/ SLAMS Ozone River Terrace th & Dix Streets, N.E. SLAMS Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, PM10, PM2.5 McMillan st Street, N.W PAMS Type II VOC List of PAMS Species, Ozone, NO2, Surface Meteorology INDEX SITE PM2.5 - Local Conditions National Air Toxics Black Carbon, Heavy Trends Metals (TSP) Chromium- VI (TSP) Haines Point Park Police Building Ohio PM-2-5 Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) CSN-List of PM2.5 chemical species SLAMS PM2.5 Drice S.W. IMPROVE IMPROVE site operated by the US National Park Service 2.1 Air Monitors The DDOE s monitoring network is made up of several types of monitors. The following sections will discuss each type of monitoring carried out in the District State and Local Air Monitoring Station (SLAMS) The state and local ambient monitoring stations (SLAMS) house monitoring instruments that measure ambient levels of gaseous and particulate (solid and liquid aerosol) air pollutants. SLAMS and national ambient monitoring stations (NAMS) represent the majority of all criteria pollutant (SO 2, NO 2, CO, O 3, Pb, PM 2.5, PM 10 ) monitoring across the nation. These stations use federal reference or equivalent methods (FRM/FEM) for direct comparison to the NAAQS to determine whether areas are in attainment or non-attainment for the air quality standards. Some stations, including the DC s McMillian station also collect surface meteorological data. There are approximately 4,000 SLAMS monitoring stations nationwide. The distribution of stations in the SLAMS Network is determined in large part by the needs of state and local air pollution control agencies State Implementation Plan requirements National Air Monitoring Station (NAMS) Network The NAMS Network is a subset of the SLAMS network and was developed in the 1970s. The DDOE operates the NAMS in accordance with the established suite of regulations issued by the EPA (40 CFR Part 50, 53 and 58). The NAMS are designated as national trends sites and, in some cases, also serve as the design value sites for a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). These 4

9 stations use federal reference or equivalent methods (FRM/FEM) for direct comparison to the NAAQS that lead to determining whether areas are listed as in attainment or non-attainment. The SLAMS and NAMS were developed in the 1970s. In the early 1980s, the networks began to add PM 10 monitors, and then expanded to include PM 2.5 monitors, starting in 1999, to assess attainment with the PM 2.5 NAAQS promulgated in The PM 2.5 network consists of ambient air monitoring sites that measure mass. As of 2005, there were about 900 FRM/FEM filter-based sites and 540 continuous measurement sites for mass measurements Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Network (PAMS) The Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS) network was developed in the 1990s to measure ozone precursors, volatile organic compounds (VOC), and NOx. The national PAMS network consists of 75 sites in 25 metropolitan areas. The PAMS was a major addition to the state/local networks introducing near research grade measurement technologies to produce continuous data for over 50 VOC compounds during core part of the ozone season (June- August). The District operates one Type 2 PAMS monitoring site at McMillan Reservoir location Special Purpose Monitoring (SPM) Special Purpose Monitoring (SPM) includes National Air Toxic Trends Stations (NATTS) Monitoring, and the PM 2.5 Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) monitoring, Air Quality Index Monitoring and any other special purpose short-term monitoring. Currently, DC operates one NATTS site and one STN site, and one continuous PM 2.5 AQI site The Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) The Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) program was established in 1985 to aid the creation of Federal and State implementation plans for the protection of visibility in Class I areas (156 national parks and wilderness areas) as stipulated in the Clean Air Act. There are about 110 IMPROVE sites in Class I visibility protection areas. These sites collect aerosol samples and analyze the filters for trace elements, major ions, and carbon fractions. Most of the IMPROVE sites are operated by federal agencies within the Department of the Interior. The National Park Service operates one IMPROVE site and a nephelomenter in DC at the Haines Point location on the roof of the Park Police Building on Ohio Drive. IMPROVE sites support implementation of the NAAQS by providing data to assess PM 2.5 concentrations from rural areas that may impact urban areas. 2.2 Pollution Parameter Network Below are network descriptions segregated by pollutant parameter for the District s air monitors PM2.5 Continuous Monitoring The DDOE currently operates one continuous PM 2.5 site in the District. The continuous TEOM equipment is located at the McMillan station. All continuous samplers operate year-round and hourly data are sent to EPA s AirNow web portal and to the national database. Location for a second continuous PM 2.5 monitor is being evaluated. 5

10 2.2.2 PM 2.5 FRM Network The DDOE operates four PM 2.5 FRM monitors in its air monitoring network. The monitors are located at the River Terrace - one primary and a co-located monitor, McMillan and Haines Point. The McMillan and River Terrace primary monitors are daily sampling sites while the Haines Point site is on a 1-in-3 day sample schedule. The co-located monitor at River Terrace is on a 1- in-6 day sampling schedule PM Chemical Speciation The DDOE currently operates one chemical speciation monitors in its air monitoring network. DC operates the CSN monitor at its McMillan Monitoring station. This site operates on a 1-in-3 day schedule and measures PM 2.5 chemical species. The National Park Service operates an IMPROVE PM 2.5 monitor and a nephelometer at the Haines Point site PM10 Monitoring The DDOE currently has one PM 10 monitors in its air monitoring network. This monitor is located at the River Terrace site and the measurements are taken every 1-in-6 days Ozone Monitoring Network The DDOE currently has three ozone monitoring sites inside the District of Columbia. These monitoring instruments are currently located at the Takoma, River Terrace and McMillan monitoring facilities. The ozone measurements are taken on an hourly basis and are sent to EPA s databases CO Monitoring Network The DDOE operates two carbon monoxide monitoring sites within its air monitoring network. All CO samplers are operated year-round. These samplers are operational at the River Terrace and Verizon sites and the data are collected on an hourly basis NOx Monitoring Network The DDOE currently operates three NO 2 monitoring points within the air monitoring network. The NOx samplers in the District are operated year round and are located at the Takoma Park, River Terrace and McMillan sites SO2 Monitoring Network The DDOE operates on SO 2 monitor in its air monitoring network. This SO 2 monitoring device is operational year round. The sampler is currently deployed at our River Terrace Monitoring station and collects data on an hourly basis National Air Toxic Trends Station (NATTS) The DDOE currently operates a NATTS monitoring system at its McMillan air monitoring station. This system monitors for local PM 2.5 as well as black carbon and heavy metals that may be present in the atmosphere. 6

11 3.0 DDOE Monitoring Stations The District currently has a network of five ambient air monitoring stations. Haines Point, McMillan, River Terrace, Takoma, and Verizon stations are the descriptive names of these stations. The sections below give additional information and maps for the monitoring stations. 3.1 Haines Point Station The Haines Point monitoring station has been operational since January 1988 and houses measurement sensors on the rooftop of National Park Police building. At this location DC operates a PM 2.5 monitor. The National Park Service operates an IMPROVE monitor co-located at this site. Figure 1.Haines Point Monitoring Station and bird s eye view 3.2 McMillan Station The McMillan station has been operational since September 1993 and houses a host of measurement sensors that are vital to the District s monitoring network. Continuous measurements for ground-level ozone, nitrogen dioxide, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and surface meteorological parameters are made at this station. Additionally, among other things, this site also hosts the urban air toxics monitors, PAMS-Type 2 monitors, PM2.5 FRM. 7

12 Figure 2: McMillan Reservoir Site 3.3 River Terrace Station The River Terrace monitoring station has been operational since May of This location has measurement sensors for ground level ozone, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10). Figure 3: River Terrace Site 8

13 3.4 Takoma Station The Takoma Station has been operational since January This monitoring station is located on the roof top of a school building in DC s Takoma Park neighborhood. This location houses instruments to observe both ground ozone and nitrogen oxide. Figure 4: Takoma School Site 3.5 Verizon Station The Verizon location was initiated in October 1980 and houses an instrument to monitor carbon monoxide. This measuring component is important for DC, because it is located in the heart of downtown DC where there are a lot of pedestrians as well as a large number of idling vehicles due to traffic delays. Figure 5: Verizon Telephone Building Site 9

14 4.0 Design Values The DDOE uses design value calculations to determine if NAAQS standards are being met. Design values are different from normal observation amounts because the value is expressed as a concentration instead of an exceedance count, thereby allowing a direct comparison to the level of the standard. Design values are defined in the Clean Air Act guidance. As such, they are often based on multiple years of data, ensuring a stable indicator. Design values are typically used to classify non-attainment areas, assess progress towards meeting the NAAQS, and develop control strategies. Design values are computed and published annually by EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and reviewed in conjunction with the EPA Regional Offices. 4.1 Annual PM 2.5 Design Values In the table below are the current annual design values for PM 2.5 using data. This PM 2.5 annual design values are calculated using the average of the respective annual averages for a consecutive 3-year period. The current annual PM 2.5 design value threshold standard is 15µg/m 3 or less for compliance. The design values based on the data indicate that the District is in attainment for annual PM 2.5 NAAQS. Annual PM2.5 Design Values (µg/m 3 ) Site AIRS ID 2007 Haines Point McMillan River Terrace Daily PM 2.5 Design Values Daily PM 2.5 design values are calculated from the 98 th percentile concentration value from each year for a given consecutive three-year period. The design value is the average of the three 98 th percentile concentration values. The table below gives the design values for daily PM 2.5 using data from The current daily design value threshold for PM 2.5 in the 98 percentile at a monitoring site is less than or equal to 65 μg/m 3. Based on the 3-year average values, the District of Columbia are in attainment for daily PM 2.5. Daily PM2.5 Design Values (µg/m3) Site AIRS ID 2007 Haines Point McMillan Res River Terrace Ozone Design Values In the table shown below are the current design values for ground-level ozone using the data from three-year period. The ozone design values are calculated by taking the 3-year average of the annual 4 th maximum daily maximum 8-hr ozone averages. The current 8-hr ozone 10

15 NAAQS is 0.08ppm or 84ppb. Monitored data indicate that the air quality levels are in violation of the NAAQS at two stations in the District. 5.0 Network Assessment Design Values (ppb) Site AIRS ID 2007 Mc Millan River Terrace Takoma The District of Columbia supports EPA project goals for National Monitoring Strategies and Network assessment. The approach to network assessment being proposed by Region III includes both the use of spatial fields and a decision-making procedure Multi-criteria Integrated Resource Assessment (MIRA). The District will follow all guidelines set-forth by Region III to the best of its abilities. DDOE is working with regional EPA staff in determining changes or modifications to monitoring sites, sampling schedules and sampling equipment and technologies that will ensure protection of the public health, and protect natural resources and meet all regulatory requirements. 5.1 Network Changes EPA has been placing an emphasis on near real-time data reporting of particulates. DDOE is modifying the air-monitoring network to accommodate this timely presentation of environmental data to EPA, the media and the public. Modifications are in progress for data management software to allow uploading of hourly data to web sites. Network Changes During 2007 Black Carbon Analyzer added to McMillan ( ) Proposed additions/changes during DDOE will be working on the following enhancements to its air monitoring network in the coming year: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) monitor will be added to the NATTS site at McMillan station in June 2008; evaluate addition of PM coarse measurement (PM ) sensors at either the McMillan site or the River Terrace ( ) site; site selection and installation of a second continuous PM 2.5 monitor for the AQI monitoring network; and site selection for a future National Core (NCore) network station in the District. 11

16 5.2 Data Availability The Monitoring and Assessment Branch in the District Department of the Environment s Air Quality Division monitors the ambient air quality, performs quality assurance and quality control on all air pollution data recorded at the various monitoring stations in the District of Columbia. Data are stored locally for use by staff and for preparation of special reports and data charts or special Freedom of Information Act Requests. Data are delivered to the EPA Air Quality Subsystem (AQS) and reported on a schedule set forth in 40 CFR Part 58 of the Clean Air Act. The EPA controls the access to the raw ambient air quality data the DC AQD submits to the national database. Annual SLAMS Reports are generated from AQS and Certifications of Data are prepared by DC according to Data Reporting Requirement of 40 CFR, Part 58. Data Requests can be directed to: Air Quality Division Monitoring and Assessment Branch District Department of the Environment 51 N St., N.E., 3rd Floor Washington, DC Or via electronic Mail to: Robert.Day@dc.gov Acknowledgements The DDOE would like to acknowledge the help and ideas for preparing this document from the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection s Bureau of Air Management and the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control s Air Quality Management Section in the Division of Air and Waste Management. 12

17 Appendix A: Site Information Details PM-2.5 Site Monitor List Measurement Scale Dominant Source Type Neighborhood Mobile Urban Scale Urban Scale Mobile Mobile Site/Monitoring Objective Highest Concentration (Washington, DC-MD-VA) Highest Concentration (Washington, DC-MD-VA) Highest Concentration (Washington, DC-MD-VA) Site ID Site Address Land Use Location Latitude Type (Degrees) 34th. And Dix Residential Streets, N.E. Urban And Center City Park Services Office Urban Commercial And 1100 Ohio Drive Park Land Center City st. Street, N.W. Residential Urban And Center City Longitude (Degrees) Distance to City Center NE NE SW City Urbanized Population Area Washington, DC-MD- VA Washington, DC-MD- VA Washington, DC-MD- VA UA Code MSA AQCR Site Code Established 8840 Washington,DC- MD-VA-WV MAY Washington,DC- MD-VA-WV 8840 Washington,DC- MD-VA-WV JAN JAN- 88 A

18 PM-2.5 Site Information (Continued) Site ID Nearest Local Source Roads Pepco Benning CRAFTSMAN PRESS Dix Street Benning Road Anacostia Freeway RT.295 Direction to Road South North SouthEast Traffic Volume 3-8,000/day 25,000/day 100,000plus/day Road Type Local Street MAJ ST OR HY MAJ ST OR HY Probe Probe Location Height 8 Roof of Building CAPITOL POWER PLANT GSA CENTRAL HEATING PLANT Pentagon Reservation PEPCO-BUZZARD PT GEN ST BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PRINTING Ohio Drive I-395 I-295 South SouthWest North 4 to 8000/day 100,000+ /day 100,000+ /day Local Street MAJ ST OR HY MAJ ST OR HY 10 Roof of Building U S SOLDIERS AND AIRMAN'S U S ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS MCMILL HOWARD UNIVERSITY D C GENERAL HOSPITAL NORTH CAPITOL STREET MICHIGAN AVE. BRYANT STREET NE 3RD STREET 1ST. STREET East North NorthEast SouthWest East 27000/day 16,000/day 5,000/day 5,000/day 10,000/day MAJ ST OR HY MAJ ST OR HY Local Street Local Street Local Street 6 Roof of Monitoring Trailer B

19 Continuous Monitor Site List Measuremen t Scale Dominan t Source Type Microscale Mobile Neighborhood Mobile Neighborhood Mobile Urban Scale Mobile Site/Monitorin g Objective Site ID Highest Concentratio n (Washington, DC-MD- VA) Population Exposure (Washington, DC-MD-VA) Highest Concentration (Washington, DC-MD-VA) Highest Concentration (Washington, DC-MD-VA) Site Address Land Use Locatio n Type Verizon Phone Commer Co. L St. Bet 20th cial & 21st Takoma Sc. Piney Branch Rd & Dahlia St N 34th. And Dix Streets, N.E st. Street, N.W. Commer cial Residential Residential Urban And Center City Urban And Center City Urban And Center City Urban And Center City Latitude (Degrees) Longitude (Degrees) Distance to City Center City Populatio n Urbanized Area Washington , DC-MD- VA Washington, DC-MD- VA Washington NE , DC-MD- VA SW Washington, DC-MD- VA UA Code MSA Washington,DC- MD-VA-WV Washington,DC- MD-VA-WV Washington,DC- MD-VA-WV Washington,DC- MD-VA-WV AQC R Code Site Established OCT JAN MAY JAN-88 C