Investing in Children s Services, Improving Outcomes ESN Peer Review

Transcription

1 Investing in Children s Services, Improving Outcomes ESN Peer Review Antonietta Bellisari Lazio Region Antonella Ciocia National Research Council- Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies Budapest 7 May 2015

2 EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE System State Split system 0-2 years nurseries not compulsory education focused 3-5 years kindergartens not compulsory part of the education system Regions Municipality

3 EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE ECEC Approach Universal but in practice: Nurseries 54,6%, on demand from family / Kindergarten, 95% Access criteria: 1) Working Parents 1) Large families 2) Low income families 3) Presence of brothers in the same school Child placement Duration: roughly 2-4 weeks Parents can be present together with professionals Involvement of parents according to the needs of the child Co-payment to the fees according to family income - ISEE Children from disadvantaged backgrounds Professionals Pedagogical Coordinator, Master degree level Specialised educator, bachelor s degree level Support educator for children with disabilities Quality Lazio is the first region that is experimenting a mechanism based on a Common Assessement Framework (CAF)

4 ECEC COVERAGE FOR 0-3 Trends in unequal distribution 50,0 45,0 40,0 43,9 43,9 40,0 40,0 39,6 35,0 35,2 30,0 30,7 25,0 20,0 Fondo infanzia e adolescenza Decline in funding and services Save the Children Italy, «Sottosopra» (2014)

5 ECEC COVERAGE FOR 0-3 Regions - unequal distribution children Source: ISTAT ( )

6 EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE North-West North-East Centre a) Nursery average spending per user Islands South 311 North West b) Other services average spending per user 64 North East 680 Centre 320 South 238 Islands Source: ISTAT (2014)

7 ECEC COVERAGE PER PROVIDER a) coverage and type of management The percentage of areas covered by the service 54.6% of Italian municipalities is covered by a nursery service Other services 15,2% Provision Public 53,8% Public but delivered by third sector 38,1% b) mix public and third sector (absolute value) third sector public Islands North West North East Centre South Source: ISTAT (2014)

8 INCLUSIVITY OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM Children with disabilities Support learning teacher: 1 every 2 students (law 244/2007) 60.4% support learning teachers work at the same school (only 39.6% have to work in more than one schools) scuola più a lungo N. children with disabilities Full time in the same school -60% of teachers. 3 to 9 hours support for each child according to the assesment of their situation The participation of children with disabilities in extra curricular activities is low; in activities outside school is extremely low Source: ISTAT (2013)

9 INCLUSIVITY AND INTERSECTOR COLLABORATION Personalised Learning Plan (PEI) Expert School professio nal It includes Parents Social Services Health services Observation Identification of the functioning profile ICF CY WHO educational goals educational path technology support methods, techniques and periodical assessment ways to involve the families timetable

10 INCLUSION AND INTEGRATION OF ROMA, GIPSY AND TRAVELLER CHILDREN (RGT) Years Schools & Classes > > 42 Children RGT Activities in schools: Training for teachers Cooperative learning Learning by doing To strengthen: Inclusivity of schools Participation Learning environment Activities with families in (non-) /authorised camps: Support and dialogue between school-families Socio-educational support to children Empowerment in accessing services Maintenance & specific interventions to camps OUTCOMES 1 st year Increase in school attendance between 10% and 20% and in participation in extracurricular activities Greater presence of parents Positive change in the relationship between professionals and families

11 HEALTH CARE FOR VULNERABLE CHILDREN a) Health poverty: risks Family Geographical differences National Health Service (SSN) Mix health and social services Risks the reading of the risks is made on the basis of a theoretical approach Increase in households in absolute poverty Growth of fragile families Relatively poor but not candidates for public interventions of social protection Reduction of food expenditure especially in families with children Increase in teen mothers Place of residence Ethnicity Public expenditure on health Lower presence of social and health services Decrease of demand for diagnostic checks Waiting lists Unequal coordination and continuity between health services and local services

12 PROTECTION AND CARE REASONS TO TAKE A CHILD INTO CARE Reasons % Total Inadequacy of parenting skills and relationship problems in the family Other problems of the parents: legal, health, addiction 45, due to Family Presumed neglect of child 3,6 81,7% Abuse, witnessing violence 10.7 Behavioral problems 2.7 Behaviors of serious deviance / alternative measures to detention 2.2 Health problems of the child 0.7 School problems 0.6 Addiction problems 0.2 Single mother if minor 0.5 Economic difficulty of the family 6,0 Other reasons 5,4 due to Child 6,9% Source: National Center of Education and Analysis for children and Youth (2012)

13 PROTECTION AND CARE CHILDREN IN RESIDENTIAL / FOSTER CARE Children taken into care Family foster Residential care

14 PROTECTION AND CARE PROGRAMME OF INTERVENTION FOR PREVENTION OF INSTITUTIONALISATION PIPPI Families in the low to moderate risk category Children from 0 to 11 years of age Local, regional and national institutions with the scientific support of the University of Padua Activities oriented to: improving parenting skills, promoting full involvement in children s school life and strengthening the family s social networks Underlying the ecological model which emphasises the complexity and diversity of the family s world and places emphasis on family strengths rather than weaknesses making efforts to enable children to be full participants Strongly involves child and family especially in cobuilding assessment of family situation and care planning RPMonline for professionals 4 years 18 Regions 100 Districts 1233 Families 1320 Children Scientific manager Paola Milani

15 PROTECTION AND CARE Hearing children in protection system and judicial proceedings Protected Hearing in criminal proceedings The Judge establishes place, time and adeguate procedure according child s needs. Procedures: Preliminary investigation - interlocutory witness examination Judicial hearing during trial Suitable environment: Rooms equipped with one-way mirror, video recording systems Questions asked by a psychologist No questions about child s private and sex life unless indispensable to establish facts Children s Rights in civil proceedings Speak and express their opinion Be informed of the proceeding that concerns them Get explanation in order to know what is going to be determined for their life so that they can give meaning to what they are experiencing.

16 Thanks for your attention. Thanks to all the contributors: Giulia Angeli, Lorella Baggiani, Margherita Camarda, Antonella Caprioglio, Adriana Ciampa and her staff, Vera Cuzzocrea, Maria Girolamo Caruso, Carla Ceci, Centro di documentazione Istituto Innocenti, Agnese D'Alessio, Silvia D'Amore, Patrizia Di Tullio, Florido Falcioni, Rita Gelmini, Salvatore Geraci, Raffaella Grosso, Gian Luigi Lepri, Letizia Lorenzini, Rita Lucidi, Valentino Mantini, Isabella Orsini, Andrea Paolillo, Patrizia Patrizi, Marisa Persiani, Cesare Pierdominici, Federica Pochesci, Francesco Russo, Ferdinando Tucci, Daniel Velasco, Germana Villetti, Flora Viola, Patrizia Zammiti.