Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3747

Transcription

1 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3747 Commenced Publication in 1973 Founding and Former Series Editors: Gerhard Goos, Juris Hartmanis, and Jan van Leeuwen Editorial Board David Hutchison Lancaster University, UK Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Josef Kittler University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Jon M. Kleinberg Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Friedemann Mattern ETH Zurich, Switzerland John C. Mitchell Stanford University, CA, USA Moni Naor Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Oscar Nierstrasz University of Bern, Switzerland C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India Bernhard Steffen University of Dortmund, Germany Madhu Sudan Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA, USA Demetri Terzopoulos New York University, NY, USA Doug Tygar University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Moshe Y. Vardi Rice University, Houston, TX, USA Gerhard Weikum Max-Planck Institute of Computer Science, Saarbruecken, Germany

2 Carlos Alberto Maziero João Gabriel Silva Aline Maria Santos Andrade Flávio Morais de Assis Silva (Eds.) Dependable Computing Second Latin-American Symposium, LADC 2005 Salvador, Brazil, October 25-28, 2005 Proceedings 13

3 Volume Editors Carlos Alberto Maziero Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná Programa de Pós-Gradução em Informática Aplicada Curitiba PR, Brazil João Gabriel Silva Universidade de Coimbra Dep. Eng. Informatica - Polo II Pinhal de Marrocos, Coimbra, Portugal jgabriel@dei.uc.pt Aline Maria Santos Andrade Flávio Morais de Assis Silva Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) Departamento de Ciência da Computação (DCC) Laboratório de Sistemas Distribuídos (LaSiD) Campus de Ondina - Prédio do CPD, Av. Adhemar de Barros, S/N, CEP , Salvador-BA, Brazil {aline,fassis}@ufba.br Library of Congress Control Number: CR Subject Classification (1998): C.3, C.4, B.1.3, B.2.3, B.3.4, B.4.5, D.2.4, D.2.8, D.4.5, E.4, J.7 ISSN ISBN Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, India Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: /

4 Foreword The Latin-American Symposium on Dependable Computing, LADC,is the main Latin-American event dedicated to the discussion of the many issues related to dependability in computer systems and networks. It is a forum for researchers and practitioners (from all over the world) to present and discuss their latest results and experiences in this field. LADC 2005, the second edition of this event, followed on the success of LADC 2003, which took place at the Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo. It was organized by LaSiD, the Distributed Systems Laboratory associated with the Department of Computer Science of the Federal University of Bahia. LADC 2005 was sponsored by SBC, the Brazilian Computer Society, in cooperation with IEEE TC on Fault-Tolerant Computing, IFIP Working Group 10.4 Dependable Computing and Fault-Tolerance, SADIO, the Argentine Society for Informatics and Operations Research, SCCC, the Chilean Computer Science Society, and SMCC, the Mexican Society for Computer Science. LADC 2005 was structured around technical sessions, keynote speeches and a panel. Two workshops were co-located with LADC 2005: WDAS (Latin-American Workshop on Dependable Automation Systems) and WTD (3rd Workshop on Theses and Dissertations on Dependable Computing). WDAS is a forum where members of academia and industry can meet to discuss specific dependability issues related to automation systems. WTD is a student forum dedicated to the discussion of ongoing and recent work in the field of dependability carried out at graduate level. We would like to thank the LADC 2005 Organizing Committee and the support staff at LaSiD for having helped us with the organizational tasks, the Steering Committee for their advice, and the chairs of the technical committees for their cooperation. A special thank you goes to Raimundo Macêdo and to Rogério de Lemos who were sources of constant support and suggestions. We are also grateful to Raimundo Macêdo for having suggested our names to chair this symposium. Additionally, we would like to thank the invited guests, all the authors of submitted papers, the support provided by CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), the sponsoring partners, and Springer for accepting to publish the LADC proceedings in the LNCS series. We hope all present at LADC 2005 enjoyed the symposium and their stay in Salvador. October 2005 Aline Maria Santos Andrade Flávio Morais de Assis Silva

5 Preface Welcome to the proceedings of LADC We are very proud of the high-quality program that LADC offered this year in Salvador. It was our privilege to have the opportunity to select from such high-level papers as were submitted to LADC The profile of those submissions clearly shows that the previous (and first) LADC edition in 2003 was successful in setting a high-quality standard that all the prospective authors understood. The 16 accepted papers, chosen from 39 submissions, laid out the guarantee of a technically very rewarding conference. The review process was very careful and selective, and we felt that our mission was that of strengthening the highquality and international character of LADC. The accepted papers are from seven different countries, the majority of them from outside Latin America. The submitted papers had a similar profile, showing that LADC is clearly a conference that, in spite of the focus on Latin America, has a strong international visibility. All papers were reviewed by four members of the Program Committee, and if needed by outside reviewers. The reviews were in general quite detailed, offering significant advice to the authors of accepted papers in preparing the final version, and to the authors of rejected papers in perfecting their work for a future submission. The acceptance decision was taken after a careful evaluation of all reviews, paying a very special attention to the reviews content and not just the proposed numerical scores. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the enthusiastic support of the LADC Steering Committee in all steps of this process, as well as of the Brazilian Computer Society for hosting the web tool supporting the paper submission and selection process. A word is also in order to our institutions, the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná and the Universidade de Coimbra, without whose support we would not have been able to perform this task. A special thanks goes also to William Sanders and Christof Fetzer for accepting to hold the keynote presentations. Above all, we are confident that LADC 2005 will be remembered as a technically very rewarding conference, for the quality of both the papers and the discussions and contacts in Salvador. October 2005 Carlos Maziero João Gabriel Silva

6 Organizing Committee General Co-chairs: Program Co-chairs: Publication Chair: Publicity Chair: Finance Chair: Local Arrangement Co-chairs: Registration Co-chairs: Tutorial Co-chairs: Workshop Chair: WDAS Co-chairs: WTD Co-chairs: Aline Maria Santos Andrade (UFBA, Brazil) Flávio Morais de Assis Silva (UFBA, Brazil) Carlos Alberto Maziero (PUCPR, Brazil) João Gabriel Silva (UCoimbra, Portugal) George Lima (UFBA, Brazil) Luciano Porto Barreto (UFBA, Brazil) Sergio Gorender (UFBA, Brazil) Marcela Santana (UFBA, Brazil) Sandro Santos Andrade (UFBA, Brazil) Frederico Barboza (UFBA, Brazil) Ivo de Carvalho Peixinho (UFBA, Brazil) Elias Procópio Duarte Jr. (UFPR, Brazil) Sergio Rajsbaum (UNAM, Mexico) Raul Ceretta Nunes (UFSM, Brazil) Herman Augusto Lepikson (UFBA, Brazil) Leandro Buss Becker (UFSC, Brazil) Avelino Zorzo (PUCRS, Brazil) Ingrid Jansch-Pôrto (UFRGS, Brazil) Fabíola Gonçalves P. Greve (UFBA, Brazil) Steering Committee Francisco Brasileiro, Brazil Joni da Silva Fraga, Brazil Rogério de Lemos, UK Raimundo Macêdo, Brazil Eliane Martins (Chair), Brazil Carlos Maziero, Brazil Sergio Rajsbaum, Mexico Taisy Silva Weber, Brazil Flávio M. Assis Silva, Brazil

7 X Organization LADC Program Committee Pedro Mejia Alvarez, Mexico Lorenzo Alvisi, USA Pedro d Argenio, Argentina Jean Arlat, France Marinho Barcellos, Brazil Andrea Bondavalli, Italy Francisco Brasileiro, Brazil João B. Camargo Jr., Brazil Ricardo Cayssials, Argentina Jose Contreras, Chile Mariela Curiel, Venezuela Xavier Défago, Japan Elmootazbellah Elnozahy, USA Joni da Silva Fraga, Brazil Paulo Lício de Geus, Brazil Michel Hurfin, France Ravi Iyer, USA Ingrid Jansch-Pôrto, Brazil Ricardo Jiménez-Peris, Spain Jörg Kaiser, Germany Johan Karlsson, Sweden Kane Kim, USA Jean-Claude Laprie, France Rogério de Lemos, UK Raimundo Macêdo, Brazil José C. Maldonado, Brazil Eliane Martins, Brazil Fernando Pedone, Switzerland Ravi Prakash, USA Michel Raynal, France Cecília M. Rubira, Brazil William H. Sanders, USA Richard Schlichting, USA Paulo Veríssimo, Portugal Pedro Gil Vicente, Spain Raul Weber, Brazil Taisy Weber, Brazil LADC External Referees Jorge Rady Almeida Jr., Brazil Alysson Bessani, Brazil José Eduardo Brandão, Brazil Andrey Brito, Brazil Lásaro Camargos, Brazil Julien Cartigny, Japan Mauro Fonseca, Brazil Shashidhar Gandham, USA Diogo Kropiwiec, Brazil Srikant Kuppa, USA Dorival Leão, Brazil Lau Lung, Brazil Paulo Marques, Portugal Paulo Masiero, Brazil Carlos Maziero, Brazil Neeraj Mittal, USA Mansoor Mohsin, USA Felipe Pereira, Brazil Lívia Sampaio, Brazil Giuliana Santos, Brazil Rodrigo Schmidt, Switzerland Flávio Assis Silva, Brazil João Gabriel Silva, Portugal Henrique Silva, Portugal Adenilso Simão, Brazil Matthias Wiesmann, Japan Organizer Distributed Systems Laboratory (LaSiD), Department of Computer Science (DCC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA)

8 Organization XI Sponsor Brazilian Computer Society (SBC) In Co-operation with IEEE TC on Fault-Tolerant Computing IFIP Working Group 10.4 Dependable Computing and Fault-Tolerance SADIO, Argentine Society for Informatics and Operations Research SCCC, Chilean Computer Science Society SMCC, Mexican Society for Computer Science

9 Table of Contents Invited Talks Probabilistic Validation of Computer System Survivability William H. Sanders... 1 Timed Asynchronous Distributed Systems Christof Fetzer... 2 WLAN in Automation - More Than an Academic Exercise? Edgar Nett... 4 Evaluation Using Stratified Sampling for Fault Injection Regina Lúcia O. de Moraes, Eliane Martins, Elaine C. Catapani Poletti, Naaliel Vicente Mendes... 9 A Methodology for the Automated Identification of Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities in Executable Software Without Source-Code João Durães, Henrique Madeira Quantitative Evaluation of Distributed Algorithms Using the Neko Framework: The NekoStat Extension Lorenzo Falai, Andrea Bondavalli, Felicita Di Giandomenico Certification Airborne Software Concerns in Civil Aviation Certification Benedito Sakugawa, Edson Cury, Edgar Toshiro Yano Modelling A Method for Modeling and Testing Exceptions in Component-Based Software Development Patrick Henrique da S. Brito, Camila Ribeiro Rocha, Fernando Castor Filho, Eliane Martins, Cecília M. Fischer Rubira.. 61 Verifying Fault-Tolerant Distributed Systems Using Object-Based Graph Grammars Fernando L. Dotti, Odorico M. Mendizabal, Osmar M. dos Santos.. 80

10 XIV Table of Contents The Zerberus Language: Describing the Functional Model of Dependable Real-Time Systems Christian Buckl, Alois Knoll, Gerhard Schrott Embedded Systems Soft Error Mitigation in Cache Memories of Embedded Systems by Means of a Protected Scheme Hamid R. Zarandi, Seyed Ghassem Miremadi On the Effects of Errors During Boot Mário Zenha-Rela, João Carlos Cunha, Carlos Bruno Silva, Luís Ferreira da Silva A Fault Tolerant Approach to Object Oriented Design and Synthesis of Embedded Systems M.Fazeli,R.Farivar,S.Hessabi,S.G.Miremadi Time Scheduling Fixed-Priority Hard Real-Time Tasks in the Presence of Faults George Lima, Alan Burns On the Monitoring Period for Fault-Tolerant Sensor Networks Filipe Araújo, Luís Rodrigues Adapting Failure Detectors to Communication Network Load Fluctuations Using SNMP and Artificial Neural Nets Fábio Lima, Raimundo Macêdo Distributed Systems Algorithms Parsimony-Based Approach for Obtaining Resource-Efficient and Trustworthy Execution HariGovind V. Ramasamy, Adnan Agbaria, William H. Sanders Generating Fast Atomic Commit from Hyperfast Consensus Fabíola Gonçalves Pereira Greve, Jean-Pierre Le Narzul Group-Based Replication of On-Line Transaction Processing Servers A.CorreiaJr.,A.Sousa,L.Soares,J.Pereira,F.Moura, R. Oliveira

11 Table of Contents XV Workshops Third Workshop on Theses and Dissertations on Dependable Computing Avelino Zorzo, Ingrid Jansch-Pôrto, Fabíola Gonçalves Pereira Greve Latin-American Workshop on Dependable Automation Systems Herman Augusto Lepikson, Leandro Buss Becker Tutorials Software Architectures for Dependable Systems Rogério de Lemos, Paulo Asterio de Castro Guerra Fault-Tolerant Techniques for Concurrent Objects Rachid Guerraoui, Michel Raynal Agreement Protocols in Environments with Temporal Uncertainties Fabíola Gonçalves Pereira Greve Author Index