Answers for infrastructure.

Transcription

1 - EN 15232:2012 eu.bac Answers for infrastructure.

2 2

3 , ; : CO Siemens BT EN eu.bac EN BAC BACS TBM BACS ( BACS) BACS BACS BACS BAC BACS BACS AC BACS EMS eu.bac eu.bac eu.bac Cert Siemens Desigo Synco GAMMA

4 Energy Performance Classification (EPC) tool Energy Efficiency Calculation (EEC) tool Services

5 1 Siemens Building Technologies (Siemens BT). 1.1, -,,. EN 15232: 2012 eu.bac (European Building Automation Controls Association).. -, -,., Siemens, EN , CO 2. 5

6 1.2 ;,,. (EPBD), - : ( ) // : Prof. Dr. Ing. Rainer Hirschberg, FH Aachen; Germany : *,, -,, ( ).,.,. ( :, ),..,, - (energy pass). EN -. 6

7 2 :,. 2.1 CO 2,. -,,. CO CO 2 :. 7

8 -,,,,, ( ): %. 85% 15%, )., 35% 6%.. 28% 41% 31% :, - CO 2. «2.000 Watt», -,. 8

9 «CO 2 in CH: The Watt society», Novatlantis,. : Novatlantis Sustainability within the ETH (1973) - (1975).,.,,,,.,,., Watt ,. -,. BAC A., -,.,,,, -. -,. 9

10 , -,.,, - :, : ( -, ) ( -, ) Minergie,,. - CO 2. : Novatlantis ETH,,. 10

11 ,,,,.,. Rainer Hirschberg, FH Aachen, TWh ( ). ( 60%), -. ( EN 15232) 20% -, 110 TWh -,, - 12% ,,., - 20% Siemens 2.5 Siemens BT - Siemens., Siemens Siemens ,5. CO 2 : 2,45. CO , eu.bac (European Building Automation and Controls Association) -. Siemens -.,. eu.bac -. Siemens GreenBuilding -, 11

12 ., Siemens BT 25%. Siemens LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), GreenBuilding. LEED -, -., -, -, -., -,. Siemens -, -. -,.,, -, «Business for climate change». 40, -. Siemens, -. Siemens BT - BAC TBM -., Siemens BT - (performance contracting). 12

13 3,. 3.1, 70% 2020/ % CO 2... :, - : BFE Overall energy statistics for : Zwölferspiel, Dr. Daniele Ganser, -,. 13

14 : / ; : Association for the Study for Peak Oil (ASPO) : « » 2020, : 20% % %. 14

15 EPBD : 2006 EPBD Energy Performance of Building Directive - - : -., - (EPBD) , ,, -. : ) - ) ) - (>1000.), ) ),,, - 15 ( 1 EPBD) 15

16 - - CEN/TC 247 EPBD: EPBD, «-», CEN (Comitée Européen de Normalisation European committee for standardization) -. TCs (Technical Commitée) CEN - (EN). prcen/tr («- EPBD»)., -,.,, : EN EN EN EN EN EN EPBD - ( - EPBD)., - Siemens CEN -. CEN/TC247 ( ), - : EN : CEN/TC247 - (BACS), : - (HVAC) (. EN 15500) EPBD BACS (EN ISO ) BACS - BACS (. EN ISO ) BACS (EN ISO ) - BAC (EN 15232) : BACS - 16

17 CEN. EPBD CEN TC247 EN BACS - (. EN 15500) eu.bac -. CEN EPBD eu.bac EN EN EN EN15232: «,» - CEN (Comité Européen de Normalisation - ), -. - (EPBD). EN (BACS) (TBM) - -,. Siemens Building Technology. (BACS), - (TBM),. BACS, -,,,., -. -,, CO 2. (BM), 17

18 , -. EN EN 15232: «,» - BACS TBM,. :,,,,

19 CEN eu.bac eu.bac Cert eu.bac -, EN TC247: EN «- -» - eu.bac Cert EN/ISO. eu.bac. 3.4 EN , EN EN 15232,. EN 15500: «HVAC» eu.bac. -,. 19

20 4 EN EN ,,, C D. - BAC TBM -.,. - : 1 passive solar heating; passive cooling; natural ventilation; daylight Renewable Energy (R.E.) 4 Transformation R.E. contribution in primary or CO 2 terms 8 CO 2 emissions 7 building part system part Transformation Primary energy Electricity for other uses internal gains system losses 6 generated energy Transformation Primary or CO 2 savings for generated energy 9 : prcen/tr 15615:2007 : EPBD () :,,,., 20

21 : [1], -,., -. [2],,,., (,,.). [3], [1] [2] -. [4],,,,, -. - (kg, m³, kwh.). [5], -. [6],. [5]. [7] CO 2. [8] -, [7]. [9] CO 2 [7]., -. -., -,.,.,, [7], - CO 2.,. 21

22 BAC EN 15232, :. HVAC -,,,., ,. 22

23 EN ,,. : EN 15232: EN : 1 3 EN 15232: BACS TB Siemens BT 4 Siemens Building Technologies EN15232 (BT = Siemens BT) : EN : Siemens BT 23

24 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: (.,, VAV) (.,, - )., - BAC. 2. Siemens EN 15232:.., ,. 4. ( ) =,. Pre- Comfort Comfort, - ( EN 15500). : «-». «-»,. : - ( - ) -. 24

25 1 BT ,, EN EN BACS (. ) BACS: , -. (. )., - -. (= - ). - (,,, ).. : - ( -, ). : :. ( ). 25

26 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: TABS - : - TABS - TABS,,. 6., ). ( )

27 1 BT 1.2 TABS 5 0 TABS,. 1 TABS ( - ) -, TABS, : TABS : ( ). - TABS, -, -,. TABS : ( - ). TABS, -, -. TABS :, ( ) : ) -. 2 :, 6 on/off, 24 on/off. TABS, 24 on/off. ) -. 2, : -,. TABS -,, TABS. -. ) ( ).,. 7 - ( ).,. (. )., (. - - ). - ( ), - ( ). ( - ). ) -.,. ) -, -. - ( - ),,,,. 27

28 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: p: - (. ) -.., -. 28

29 1 B T 1.3 ( ). 0, ) (= ). (,,, ). - ( ). 0, on/off p -, ( ).. 8 ) p: -. -,. ) p:., -. 0, Comfort, PreComfort, Economy, Protection. 29

30 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: (Coefficient of Performance COP) (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio SEER) Siemens EN 15232: - ). 30

31 1 BT 1.6,, ,. 1-2 :.. 1.7,,. 9 - ( - ),. -,. 0 - ( - ), COP. 1-2 :.. -, COP ). - ( ) ( ) , (.,,, ). (. 1 : 2 : 4.), -, (.,,, ). 31

32 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: , -,

33 2 B T Term: : -. - : 2. : ( ),,,, CHP. : - : : on/off -.. : on/off. 1 on/off - 2 on/off , - ( ). -,,.,.,. 0 on/off. 1 on/off - 2 on/off, 3 on/off, -, 2, - ( ). -,, (. - ), : -.,.,.. -, -. 33

34 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: ,

35 2 BT 2.3 : - 0 on/off 1 on/off 2 on/off, - 3,,. -. 3, ,, ), :. -.,..,. 35

36 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: , -. 36

37 2 BT : 1 ( - 1) 1) 3 ( -,, 2.5, on/off,. -, -. 2 ( ,. - -,., -. 1) ,. - -.,. -.,. 0 5, -, (. open/close tap) (,, ). 37

38 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: (.,, VAV) (.,, )., -, BAC 2. Siemens EN 15232: ,,. 4. ( ) =. - Pre-Comfort Comfort (. EN 15500). : «-».,. 38

39 3 BT , ,, EN EN BACS (. ) BACS ,. - ( )., - -. (= ). (,,, ). -,.. :... : -. ( ) -. 39

40 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: TABS : - TABS. - TABS.. 6., (, -, ) ,. 40

41 3 BT 3.2 TABS 5 0 : TABS, -. 1 TABS ( ), - -, ( - ).,. 2 : TABS : TABS : ( ). - - TABS,,,. TABS : ( - - ). TABS,,. TABS :, ). 3 : ) : -, - on/off 6 on/off 24. TABS, - on/off ). - 2, :, 7 - ( ). - -,. (. - ),. (. ). ( ), ( )., - ( ). -., (.,, - ) ,, -, -. 41

42 . TABS, - - ABS.. Siemens Siemens EN 15232: (. split units ). 9.. p: - (. ) -., -., -. 42

43 3 BT 3.3 ( - ). 8 0, -, ,, ( ),. (= ). ( -,,, ). ( ). 0, -. 1 On/off 2 3 p ( ) ) p: -., ) p:., -. 0, (Comfort, PreComfort, Economy, Protection). 43

44 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: , Siemens : - ( ). 44

45 3 BT :. 1 ( HVAC).,, HVAC :, -, ) ( ). ( ), -. : (. ) -. HVAC : -,, ( ) ( ). ( ), -.,, - 0 -, : ( - ),. -, ( ) (. 1 : 2 : 4.) 45

46 3 -, - (.,, -, ).,., (.,,, ). Siemens Siemens EN 15232: : EN 15232, » (., ).. ( ) ( ). 46

47 4 BT (. ) (,.). 3 (. CO 2, - VOC) ,. -,.. -.,, on/off 2 3 : , -,. 4 -,. -, , ,., -,.. 47

48 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: , -,. ).,. 48

49 4 BT 4.4 ( - ) , - » : 1) -. 2) - -., -. 2 Free cooling.. 100%,. -. -, -. (passive cooling):,,, -. : /Maximum Economy Changeover (MECH): -. : ( ). ( ) -. 3 H,x-directed control. ( ). /Maximum Economy Changeover (MECH):,. 49

50 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: ,»,.,., %,. -.,., -. -,., , -., -.,. 50

51 4 BT ,.. -.,,, (. ) ( - - ).. -. cascading: -. : - -.,, -. : HVAC. ), HVAC..» , -. 9,. 51

52 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: ,, -,, -.,, -,. 2. On/Dimmed (Off) On/ Off, [ : On/Dimmed (Off) - On/Auto Off], -. 52

53 5 BT , -., ,,,. 2 On/Dimmed Off: - - ( - 20% ) 5 -., 5,. On/ Off: - 5. On/Dimmed: ( ), -, ( 20% «-» ) 5 -., 5. On/ Off: - ( ),, , (. - ). 2 On/Dimmed Off,,., % On/ Off., -,, - 5. On/Dimmed... dimmed..,... 20% 5. On/ Off.., , , ,. 53

54 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: :,.,.,.. 2.,, - - ( ) 3., :,... 54

55 6 BT - :, -, ( - ).. - 1,..,, , -. 3 /HVAC HVAC,, ). 55

56 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: ,. -, : -,

57 7 BT. - -,, , PI ,. -,, -. ) , - 1, -., (alarm) ( ,. : - ON. «Party» : -, - -.,

58 - - : EN A : A : ),. -,,,. ) -.. ), ) - (., ), -. 58

59 A.10.3,. -. : ) ) - EN 15603:2008, 7. online - EN 15603: ,. -,,,, , , EN ). EN 15603: ,,,, - EN 15603:2008, ) TBM - EN 15603:2008, H. ). -., -., -,., -,. 59

60 4.2 - EN BAC (A, B, C, D). : A B C D A B C D BACS TBM BACS TBM BACS, BACS.. -. EN

61 - 11 : 1 11 EN 15232: BACS TB BAC.. B: D C B A BAC : EN : Siemens 61

62 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: ,, VAV, (.,, - )., BAC. 2. Siemens, EN 15232:., , ( ) = -. Pre-Comfort Comfort - (. EN 15500). : «-»., «-» , ( ). - ( ) p: - (. ) -. -.,. 1.7 (Coefficient of Performance COP) (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio SEER), Siemens EN 15232: - ). 62

63 1 1.1 D C B A D C B A TABS ( ) On/off

64 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: ,, , -,, , -.., -. 64

65 2 D C B A D C B A on/off 1 on/off 2 on/off on/off 1 on/off 2 on/off, 3 on/off,, : 0 on/off 1 on/off 2 on/off, - 3,, ( 1) 2 ( 1) 3 ( 1),, 2.5, on/off

66 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: (.,, VAV) - (.,, )., BAC. 1. Siemens, - EN 15232: -. -., , ( ) = -. Pre-Comfort - Comfort (. EN 15500). - : «-»., «-» ,,, ). 2...,. 3.3 (. split units ) p: (. )., -., Siemens, EN 15232: - ( ). 66

67 3 3.1 D C B A D C B A 1, TABS ( ) (., split units) On/off / ( HVAC)

68 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: : EN 15232, (., )., -. ( 3, 4.2) ( ) (,,. ).,. 4.6, «-»,. -, %,.. -,., -.,., -. 2.,.,., -. 68

69 on/off ( ) Free cooling 3 H,x-directed control D C B A D C B A 69

70 Siemens Siemens EN 15232: , -.,,. (dimmable), -,. 2. On/Dimmed (Off) On/Auto Off -, [ : On/Dimmed (Off) On/Auto Off],. 6 :....,, ( ). 3. HVAC,.. HVAC ,.,. :,. 70

71 D C B A D C B A /HVAC ,

72 4.2.1 BAC,.,. : BAC B 1. BAC.. ( ). - x 1 ( : ). B BT D C B A D C B A 9, x x x x x x B, BAC - x. 72

73 - BACS TBM : BACS TBM -.,,. - BACS, ,.,, - C. - BACS TBM , BACS TBM (< 5%),,,.. 73

74 4.3 BACS TBM , -. ( ),. ) CO 2 - BAC - : prcen/tr 15615: EPBD (). 74

75 - EN Automatic control,, EN :2007, 7.2, 7.3, EN 15243:2007, G EN :2007, EN ISO EN :2007, EN 15243:2007 EN :2007 EN ISO 13790:2008, 13.1 EN :2007, EN 15243:2007 EN 15243:2007 EN to -6 ( ) EN 15243:2007 EN 15242, EN EN EN EN : - EN Free mechanical cooling EN ISO EN /HVAC ) EN ISO :,. - : -,. -, - EN 15603:2008 :,. HVAC., EN 15217,.. BAC -,

76 -,, - ( BAC)... EN 15232, 7) BAC). EN 15232, 8) - BAC - BAC - BAC a a - b - b EN ( ). : a,,,. b (,,.). [CEN/TR 15615, 2] 76

77 4.3.2 BACS - ( BACS) BACS (( ). 1), (, -,.). a) =,,. b) =. c),. d). BAC BACS TBM - A, B, C D. BACS, - ( ). 77

78 - BAC, A, B, C D - EN BAC BAC. BAC C = 1 ( = 100%): BAC = BAC. / BAC C BAC EN ( : 4.4). - - BAC BAC - C (, - ), BAC : BAC. = BAC C * - AC.. = 100 * AC C (1 BAC. ) [%] - - BAC TBM., BAC - : C BAC. -, C., [%] C C, C (. - ), -. kwh C. BAC, kwh. BAC A, B, C D. BAC. 78

79 4.3.3., EN 15232: (,, A, B, C, D) ( ) BAC D D C.., -. HVAC 24, 11. BAC C ( )

80 C, 1 K ( ). - HVAC. BAC B B,. -, C. BAC A.... A, - BAC TBM -. 80

81 BAC, ( -!). 81

82 82

83 . - BAC EN :,.,,.,. 83

84 4.4 BACS : BACS. BACS C 1. BACS - A, B, C D. «- BACS» ( «BACS») «BACS TBM». BACS TBM, EN 15232,. :, EN BAC TBM, EN BAC TBM - - BAC TBM. BAC TBM., EN 15232, BACS TBM -. 84

85 4.4.1 BACS - BAC (, ) BACS TBM. C 1, BACS TBM. -,. BACS D C B A - - ) ,51 1 0,80 0,70, 1,24 1 0,75 0,5 a ( ) 1,20 1 0,88 0,80 1,31 1 0,91 0,86 1,31 1 0,85 0,68 1,23 1 0,77 0,68 1,56 1 0,73 0,6 a : 1. a. BACS D C B A ) ,10 1 0,88 0,81 85

86 4.4.2 BACS EN 15232, - -. BACS - ( ) BACS TBM. - C 1, BACS TBM. -,. BACS D C B A ) 1,10 1 0,93 0,87 1,06 1 0,94 0,89 ( ) 1,07 1 0,93 0,86 1,05 1 0,98 0,96 1,07 1 0,95 0,90 1,04 1 0,96 0,92 1,08 1 0,95 0,91 :. 1 BACS D C B A ) 1,08 1 0,93 0,92 86

87 BAC - BACS. BACS:. BAC D C B A ) 1,51 1 0,80 0,70, 1,24 1 0,75 0,5 a ( ) 1,20 1 0,88 0,80 1,31 1 0,91 0,86 1,31 1 0,85 0,68 1,23 1 0,77 0,68 1,56 1 0,73 0,6 a a. 87

88 4.4.4 BACS BACS TBM ( 70., 16., 5 ). - C. B kwh m 2 a kwh m 2 a C kwh m 2 a BACS C BACS ( B) ,80 0,80 ( B) kwh m 2 a C 7a kwh b m 2 a 34 BACS C BACS ( B) ,93 0,93 0,93 0,93 ( B) kwh m 2 a BACS C B,, EN 15232, : 106 kwh/m 2 a % 102 kwh/m 2 a % 76 kwh/m 2 a 81 93% kwh (5.600 m 2 ). 88

89 4.5 BACS BACS,,. :, ( ),. BACS, -. Q NH H loss - - Q NC C loss Q, - Q, - Q DHW - - BAC - f BACS, h W h, aux f BACS, el au f BACS, c W c, aux f BACS, el au W V, aux f BACS, el au W light f BACS, el li f BACS, DHW 89

90 4.5.1 BACS - BACS D C B A ( ) f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS,c h c h c h c h , a 0.64 ( ) a 0.55 : 1 1. a. BACS D C B A ( ) f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, f BACS, c h c h c h c h

91 4.5.2 AC BAC : : BAC,., ( ) :. f BACS,DHW f BACS,DHW f BACS,DHW f BACS,DHW BACS D C B A ( ) BACS D C B A ( ) f BACS,DHW f BACS,DHW f BACS,DHW f BACS,DHW

92 BAC -. BACS D C B A ) f BACel-li f BACelau f BACel-li f BACelau f BACel-li f BACel-au f BACel-li f BACel-au , ( ) : BACS EMS BACS (Building Automation and Control System) TBM (Technical Building Management) EMS (Energy Management System). EMS EN EN 16001,,. BACS EMS EMS. BACS, EMS. : 15232:2012 E 16001» :2009,, EN ISO 50001:

93 No. EMS requirements according EN BACS for EMS in building E 1 E 1.1 E 2 E General requirements The organization shall: a) establish, document, implement and maintain an energy management system in accordance with the requirements of this standard; b) define and document the scope and the boundaries of its energy management system; c) determine and document how it will meet the requirements of this standard in order to achieve continual improvement of its energy efficiency. 3.2 Energy policy Top management shall establish, implement and maintain an energy policy for the organization. This energy policy shall state the organization's commitment for achieving improved energy performance. Top management shall ensure that the energy policy: a) defines the scope and boundaries of the energy management system; b) is appropriate to the nature and scale of, and impact on, the organization's energy use; c) includes a commitment to continual improvement in energy efficiency; d) includes a commitment to ensure the availability of information and of all necessary resources to achieve objectives and targets; e) provides the framework for setting and reviewing energy objectives and targets; f) includes a commitment to comply with all applicable requirements relating to its energy aspects, whether legally required or agreed to by the organization; g) is documented, implemented, maintained and communicated to all persons working for and on behalf of the organization; h) is regularly reviewed and updated; i) is available to the public. 3.3 Planning Top management should generally note and consider the following when implementing an energy management system (EMS): BACS impact on energy efficiency of buildings per to EN Application of BACS as the appropriate tool to simplify, maintain and improve the energy management process to achieve improved energy performance of and reduce energy consumption in buildings. As part of an energy policy, top management tasks the organization as a whole to maintain and improve energy performance of buildings (existing buildings, modernized, new construction): Mandatory and specific BACS energy efficiency class (according to EN15232) for implementation and compliance. Deploy only energy-efficient, certified products as BACS components. Use BACS as a tool for EMS and as the documentation and information system in support of the organization. E Identification and review of energy aspects The organization shall conduct an initial review of its energy aspects. The review of energy aspects shall be updated at predefined intervals. These reviews shall prioritize significant energy aspects for further analysis. These reviews of energy aspects shall include the following: a) past and present energy consumption and energy factors based on measurement and other data; b) identification of areas of significant energy consump- The organization should consider the BACS options that identify and review energy aspects for EMS in buildings, such as: Specify and use BACS logs (data) on energy consumption including all parameters that impacting energy and review energy-relevant aspects in buildings. Specify BACS data to be recorded, stored and delivered, e.g.: Delivered energy (oil, natural gas, electricity 93

94 tion, in particular of significant changes in energy use during the last period; c) an estimate of the expected energy consumption during the following period; d) identification of all persons working for and on behalf of the organization whose actions may lead to significant changes in energy consumption; e) identification and prioritization of opportunities for improving energy efficiency. The organization shall maintain a register of opportunities for saving energy. Each review shall be documented. E Legal obligations and other requirements The organization shall: - identify and have access to the applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes related to its energy aspects, - determine how these requirements apply to its energy aspects. The organization shall ensure that these legal obligations and other requirements to which the organization subscribes are taken into account in the energy management system. etc.). Energy use for heating, air conditioning, lighting, etc. Parameters that impact energy use (occupancy, operating hours, outdoor climate, user profiles, etc.) Uses of BACS data assignment for a), b), c), d) and e) must be determined. The organization should review whether BACS can be used to support the legal obligations and other requirements with regarding to EMS within buildings e.g.: Compile legally mandated records on energy consumption, room conditions, etc. E Energy objectives, targets and program(s) The organization shall establish, implement and maintain documented energy objectives and targets, at the relevant functions and levels within the organization. The objectives and targets shall be consistent with the energy policy, including the commitments to improvements in energy efficiency and to comply with applicable legal obligations and other requirements to which the organization subscribes. The organization shall set specific targets for those controllable parameters that have a significant impact on energy efficiency. The energy objectives and target(s) shall be measurable and documented, and a time frame set for achievement. When establishing targets, the organization shall consider the significant energy aspects identified in the review as well as its technological options, its financial, operational and business conditions, legal requirements and the views of interested parties. The organization shall establish and maintain energy management programs which shall include: a) designation of responsibility; b) the means and time frame by which individual targets are to be achieved. The energy objectives, targets and program(s) shall be documented and be updated at pre-determined intervals. The organization determines BACS objectives, targets and program that are consistent with the energy policy and the significant energy aspects of buildings, e.g.: Energy saving targets to be achieved by applying BACS. Apply BACS as tool support the EMS in achieving and maintaining its strategic and operative aims. Apply BACS measuring criteria of the energy targets so that progress towards improved energy efficiency of buildings can be measured. Upgrade and adapt BACS as part of reconstruction, modernization, change in use, etc. Ongoing upgrade to BACS program to reflect organizational changes (e.g. changing operation times, use times, occupancy, room conditions, etc.). Continuously adjust and optimize BACS functions and program for energy saving, etc. Review building performance on a continuous basis. 94

95 E Implementation and operation E Resources, roles, responsibility and authority Top management shall ensure the availability of resources essential to establish, implement, maintain and improve the energy management system. Resources include human resources, specialized skills, technology and financial resources. Roles, responsibilities and authorities shall be defined, documented and communicated in order to facilitate effective energy management. The organization s top management shall designate a management representative who, irrespective of other responsibilities, shall have defined roles, responsibility and authority for: a) ensuring that an energy management system is established, implemented and maintained in accordance with this standard; b) reporting on the performance of the energy management system to top management for their review, with recommendations for improvement. E Awareness, training and competence The person designated in shall be appropriately competent and qualified in energy and energy efficiency improvements. The organization shall ensure that its employees and all persons working on its behalf are aware of: a) the organization's energy policy and energy management programs; b) the energy management system requirements, including the activities of the organization to control energy use and improve energy performance; c) the impact, actual or potential, with respect to energy consumption, of their activities and how their activities and behavior contribute to the achievement of energy objectives and targets; d) their roles and responsibilities in achieving the requirements of the energy management system; e) the benefits of improved energy efficiency. Personnel performing tasks which can cause significant impacts on energy consumption shall be competent on the basis of appropriate education, training and/or experience. It is the responsibility of the organization to ensure that such personnel are and remain competent. The organization shall identify training needs associated with the control of its significant energy aspects and the operation of its energy management system. The organization shall also ensure that each level of management is informed and appropriately trained in the field of energy management in order to be able to estab- The organization determines functions, tasks, roles, responsibilities, and priorities for using BACS to improve energy performance of buildings as part of EMS, including: Technology, functions, resources and priorities of BACS applications. The resources, roles, authority and responsibility of the personnel at all BACS organizational levels. The BACS applications to support reporting building performance to top management for review, etc. The organization ensures and verifies appropriate level of training and advanced education of employees responsible for BACS as well as ensuring they remain up-to-date. Specifically, this means personnel are informed on the latest BACS functionality, operation and energy saving options. As a consequence, the organization identifies and determines: BACS-specific requirements for awareness, knowledge, understanding, skills, e.g.: Energy saving functions and program Operation and maintenance procedures Adjustment and optimization procedures. Continuous performance reviews Etc. The appropriate balance of education, training, experience, etc.to archive and maintain the BACS-specific requirements and its further development concerning awareness, knowledge, understanding and skills. Review of BACS training program to guarantee that the persons responsible for BACS have the necessary competence for its tasks to support 95

96 lish pertinent objectives and targets and choose appropriate energy management tools and methodologies. EMS and to improve the energy efficiency in buildings. E Communication The organization shall communicate internally with regard to its energy performance and the energy management system. This shall ensure that all persons working for and on behalf of the organization can take an active part in the energy management and the improvement of the energy performance. The organization shall decide whether to communicate externally about its energy management system and energy performance. If the decision is to communicate externally, the organization shall establish, implement and document an external communication plan. E Energy management system documentation The organization shall establish, implement and maintain information, in paper or electronic form, to: a) describe the core elements of the energy management system and their interaction; b) identify the location of related documentation including technical documentation. E Control of documents The organization shall control records and other documents required by this standard to ensure that: a) they are traceable and can be located; b) they are periodically reviewed and revised as necessary; c) the current versions are available at all relevant locations; d) the documents are kept and maintained in such a way that they are easily accessible and protected against damage, loss or destruction; their retention time shall be established and documented; e) obsolete documents are retained for legal and/or knowledge preservation purposes and suitably identified, or removed as appropriate. The organization considers BACS options to achieve and maintain EMS communication requirements for buildings. As a consequence, the organization specifies: Whether to communicate the relevant data on energy performance aspects, costs, savings etc. for buildings. Preparation of data (anonymization, standardizing, benchmarking). Rules governing the flow of information of the relevant data at all levels within the internal organization. Rules governing the flow of relevant information to external person, organization, etc. if the decision is made to communicate externally. The organization considers BACS support options to achieve and maintain the documentation requirements of EMS for buildings. As a consequence, the organization specifies: Development of BACS as the building's documentation system for EMS. Automated logging, archiving, storage, protection, and proof of all relevant, building operational data. Energy performance data (e.g.: key performance indicators KPI; energy performance indicators - EPI = kwh/ m2, etc.), Evaluation period, frequency of measurements, plausibility check, reproducibility, replacement value, change management. The organization considers and identifies BACS options to support the control of EMS documentation for buildings. As a consequence, the organization determines logging and distribution of all EMS specifications and documented proof for the buildings: Documents are available in electronic form. The document's originator is identifiable. The status of the document is clearly marked (e.g. current versions, no longer applicable, etc.). Develop the most expedient manner of making documents available to employees with a need to know. 96

97 E Operational control The organization shall identify and plan those operations that are associated with the significant energy aspects and ensure consistency with its energy policy, energy objectives and energy targets. This includes: a) preventing situations that could lead to deviation from the energy policy, energy objectives and energy targets, b) setting criteria for operation and maintenance of installations, equipment buildings and facilities, c) energy considerations in the acquisition and purchase of equipment, raw materials and services; when purchasing energy consuming equipment having a significant impact on the total energy consumption, the organization should inform suppliers that purchasing is partly evaluated on the basis of energy efficiency, d) evaluation of energy consumption when considering the design, change or restoration of all assets which have the potential to significantly affect energy consumption, including buildings, e) appropriate communication in this regard to personnel, and people acting on behalf of the organization and other relevant parties. The organization considers supporting BACS options to achieve and maintain operational control requirements of the EMS. As a consequence, the organization specifies energy objectives and targets for buildings: Maintenance criteria (e.g. intervals, operating hours etc.) under the BACS maintenance. Building plants, installations, equipment, etc., are continuously adapted and optimized to meet current operational and organizational profiles, needs and demands. A commitment to implement and purchase (new procurement or replacement) only energy efficient BACS equipment and certified products, to the extent available. BACS procedures to record and analyze changes in energy consumption (before/after), modernization, etc. of buildings and/or building installation, plans, equipment etc. BACS communications with regard to building operation, maintenance, etc. E Checking E Monitoring and measurement The organization shall establish and describe the energy management program. An energy metering plan shall be defined and implemented. At defined intervals, the organization shall monitor, measure and record significant energy consumption and associated energy factors. The organization shall ensure that the accuracy and repeatability of monitoring and measuring equipment used is appropriate to the task. Associated records shall be maintained. The organization shall, in each practicable instance, establish the relationships between energy consumption and its associated energy factors and shall, at defined intervals, assess actual versus expected energy consumption. The organization shall maintain records of all significant accidental deviations from expected energy consumption, including causes and remedies. Relationships between energy consumption and energy factors shall be reviewed at defined intervals and revised if necessary. The organization shall wherever possible compare their energy performance indicators against similar organizations or situations, externally and internally. The organization considers suitable, multiplex BACS options to achieve and maintain the measurement and monitoring requirements of the EMS within buildings and specifies: An appropriate energy metering plan for buildings based on BACS to include an energy data repository for storing all types of energy data. It should include data entered at equal intervals (e.g. measured values for every 15, 30, or 60 minutes, etc.) and meter readings and also energy-related factors (operating times, occupancy, etc.). BACS measuring principles including calibration to ensure accuracy, high availability and reproducibility of the energy data and records. BACS activities (more or less online and automated) for measurement and monitoring, e.g.: Ongoing logging and monitoring of the significant energy use and affected energy factors. Summary of significant energy consumption in form of key figures. Compare actual and expected energy consumption, etc. 97