Recreational Alpine Skiing: Accident Research and Injury Prevention Symposium Sports Injuries, 28.11.2013, FIFA Zurich Othmar Brügger, MSc, Teamleader Sports Research o.bruegger@bfu.ch www.bfu.ch
Content «Recreational Alpine Skiing» Legal remit of bfu Accident Research Prevention of Alpine Skiing Injuries Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 2
bfu Swiss Council for Accident Prevention Legal Remit: Prevention of accidents (sports, home & leisure, road traffic) Coordinates activities with various partners Politically independently 2013: 75 years anniversary Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 3
Prevention cycle We keep people safe 1 January 2013-ABT 4
3 research questions: ARI-Analyse Accident Risk Intervention Accident research compromises 3 part-steps What happens? Why does it happen? How to prevent it? Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 5
Severity bfu Beratungsstelle für Unfallverhütung Accident What happens? Accident research Accident events Accident Accident Risik Frequency Weather conditions Vehicles involved Location aspects Accident People involved Time aspects Intervention Accident focal points Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 6
Data sources for bfu extrapolation Statistique de l'assurance-accidents LAA (SSAA) Statistik der Unfallversicherung UVG (SSUV) Special Household survey 2011; bfu Statistic on the transportation of people injured in winter sports; bfu Statistics on sports accidents fatalities, bfu Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 7
400 000 injured people in sport, 2006-2010 Football; 20% other types of sports; 51% Skiing; 13% (51 000) Hiking/ Rambling; 5% Skating; 4% MTB/ Cycling (Ø not in traffic); 3% (Injured: with medical treatment). Costs CHF 1 800 Million Snowboarding; 4% (14 000) Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO
People injured by type of sport and age 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 bfu, Transportation of people injured in Winter sports 2011/2012 Skiing Skifahren Alter in Jahren Snowboarding Snowboardfahren Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 9
Level of danger bfu Beratungsstelle für Unfallverhütung Risk Why does it happen? Accident research Accident cause Risk Accident Person Risik Prevalence Infrastructure Energy Intervention Main risk factors Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 10
Main risk factors for injuries People-related Risk Competence Excessive Speed Physical Fitness Skills Physiological Condition Situation-/ equipment-related Piste area design incl. snowpark Ski binding Wrist protectors Protective equipment Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 11
Effectiveness bfu Beratungsstelle für Unfallverhütung Intervention : How to prevent it? Accident research Prevention possibilities Intervention Education Accident Enforcement Engineering Risk Intervention Economic feasibility Best measures Economy Emergency Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 12
Prevention programme Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 13
Snowsports: Prevention recommendations Research Training Advice Communication Cooperation Accident research bfu Priority programme Knowledge management Studies in focal topics Module «Awereness of danger/ selfregulatory behaviour» Skiing area design incl. snowparks Product Safety Member in Commissions International Exchange Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 14
Technical possibilities to reduce knee injuries in skiing Senner et al. Sports Engineering Oct 2013 Senner & Michel 2013 Ski equipmentrelated measures to reduce knee injuries. Bern: bfu Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 15
Wirst protector for snowboarding (ETH, TÜV) (Schmitt et al., Sports Biomechanics 11(1)57-72) (Schmitt et al., IRCOBI 2011) Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 16
Wrist biomechanics during snowboard falls (Simbex, USA) Greenwald et al. Biomechanics 2013 Instrumented glove to measure angel, forces and moments in the range of movement of wrists and hands during snowboarding on slopest Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 17
Simulation of snowboard falls (Techn. Uni München) Wobbling mass Movement in the sagittal plane 6 DOF Inertial System 1 DOF 1 DOF 1 DOF 0 DOF MBS with Simpack 9.0 Wobbling mass Joint 6 DOF 1 DOF Lehner et a. ISSS 2013 Lehner et al. ICSS 2013 Rauner et al. Comp Biomech 2013 Joint, DOFs constrained by Force Element Force Element Floor Contact Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 18
bfu Council for accident prevention International Wrist Protector Working Group (Michel et al. Sports Engineering Oct 2013; Michel et al. ISSS 2013; Michel ICSS 2013) Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 19
Evaluation of the bfu s prevention Goal: Evaluation - concept - implementation - impact and outcome Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 20
Injury Prevention by Medical Doctors Safety promotion and injury prevention in federations, clubs and sporting events Experts in commissions Partner in scientific studies (epidemiology, biomechanics) Previous injury as risk factor (incl. Concussion) Screening: Children maturing, long term burden of injuries Champions for safety promotion Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 21
bfu Swiss Council for Accident Prevention Swiss Competence and Coordination Centre for Accident Prevention thanks you for your attention www.bfu.ch Recreational Alpine Skiing, Othmar Brügger 28. November 2013-FO 22