T hermal waters of Turkey have superior features than those of Europe concerning both their flow and temperatures and physical and chemical characteristics. There are more than 1500 sources with natural emergence, abundant water capacity, high value of metal solutions that are rich in sulphur, radon and salt, and whose flow varies upto 2-500 lt/second. Within the scope of the "Project of Thermal Tourism Cities" initiated with the ai m of improving health and thermal tourism, geothermal potential in Turkey aims to be evaluated in a more active position. lt is expected that a capacity of 250.000 beds will be created at the end of the works to be carried out in these regions... Turkey's target in the field of health and thermal tourism is making Turkey the first destination country in this field, ensuring 15 million tourists coming to country. lt is possible to enrich these facilities. w ith tourism activities such as golf, nature tourism, water sports and also t6 integrate them with other cultural and natural values around. With these features, Turkey constitutes a brand new visian for both tourists and investors in the aspect of "Health Tourism".

lt is possible to benefit fou ro seasons bf Turkey w ite an investment in health tourism... Turkey isa country that has the advantages which even the European Alpines lack, airports witllan altitude of 1900 meters, histarical structure, a rich flora and faunaand the universities and vocational school s that w ili provide this sector w ith qualified workforce as well... Erzurum Atatürk University has a history of al most 50 years, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University has recorded siniticant development since its establishment and Kars Kafkas University are the main universities which provide an active contribution to the development of the region. The fact is that there are vocational high schools in all of these universities is an im portant advantage for tourism sector. lnvestments to be made in health tourism in the next 10 years by the public and private sectors will drastically change th.e structure of the region.

Be the futu of H Here are the numerous healing waters and thermals, ground water sources, mud baths that will shape the investments of your dreams... And even more... A stable winter that challenges global warming w ith its advantages of diverse c;limate and altitude. A genuine treasure with unbelievable snow quality in winter, the richest flora and fauna in summer, and histarical and cultural assets... A region that is always alive with alternative types of tourism... The nature is marvellous. Alternative opportunities are perfect. lts hinteriand is large. Sectors of transportation, banking, construction and communication are quite developed... lnfrastructure is ready. Conditions are matured. Be the one to discover this treasure! You should take your p/ace in this profitab/e competition.

T here are 19 cities having the potential in health tourism, winter tourism, cultural- histarical tourism and adventure and plateau tourism in and araund the Eastern Anatolian Region. These cities cover more than 20% of Turkey's land and more than 19% of its population. While same visitors of the region find the cures for their problems such as skin, rheumatism and internal diseases, same seek treament for their skin diseases with mud baths. Same others, flock to the region for finding cures from the "fish doctor" in the region.

AGRI Diyadin and Tutak geothermals are located within the borders of Ağrı. In Diyadin, there are several sources whose temperatures vary between 23-70 C: Köprü Çermiği, Yılanlı Çermiği, Tazekent Çermiği, Davut Çermiği, Gelereş Kaynakları, Kirectepe, Hıdır Çayırı, Dibekli, Molla Kasım. Waters here are used as hat liquid thermals. Moreover, they are alsa used for heating of hotels, houses and greenhouses. A liquidized C02 production plant is planned to be established. The water temperature in the geothermal area of Tutak Çermik is 25 C. ARDAHAN Deliklitaş-Kayabeyi located within the borders of Posof town of Ardahan, have three geothermal areas of law temperatures C 23-30 C). ARTViN City of Artvin is rich in mineral water sources. The geothermal areas of Balcı of 32 C and Çaraklı.of 36 C are utilised by local people for bathing. BiTLiS Ther'e are three geothermals located within the borders of the city. The two water sources of Nemrut have the temperatures changing between 46-59.SOC. There are three water sources known as the eastern, middle and western sources in Güroymak (Çukur). Their temperatures change between 32-39 C. Temperature of Germap is 40 C and not used for any reason. ELAZIG In Golan thermal area, which is located within the borders of Karakoçan town of Elaziğ, there are many sources whose temperatures change between 30-45 C. The area is quite suitable for new and modern curing and treatment centers. ERZiNCAN In Ilıca Köşküner of Erzincan there are two geothermal areas, two sources in Ilıca and one in Köşküner. Their temperatures are araund 28-29 C.

ERZURUM Erzurum is very rich about natural hot springs. The geothermals hot springs', that are located in eight different regions of Erzurum, water temperatures vary between 25-5JOC. There are also some simple hot springs' applications are avaliable in the region. HAKKARi There are two geothermal sources in Hakkari. Sarıtaş, having a water temperature of 53.JOC emerges from one source while Gölebakan of 39.2 C emerges from four sources. Sarıtaş source where there are smail pools is utilised with thermal purposes. KARS There are many sources in Kötek and a single one in Susuz regions of Kars. MARDiN In the geothermal area of Germav (llısu), which is located within the borders of Dargeçit town of Mardin, temperature of the water is 63.5 C. Hot water distributed to two pools operated by Special Provincial Administration is used as healing water. RiZE In the city of Rize, which is rich in mineral water sources, there are two geothermals. There are two sources in Ayder whose temperatures are 33 and 4JOC. They are used for thermal purposes and for heating the thermal. The waters in the the sources in ikizdere - Ilıcaköy are between 27 and 30 C.

SiiRT There are source waters of law temperatures (33-34.5 C) in Billoriss geothermal area. TUNCELi Temperature of Bağın thermal water located within the borders of Malazgirt town of Tunceli is 38 C. VAN There are six geothermal areas whose temperatures change between 25-80 within the borders of the city of Van. The Erciş- Zilan sources emerging along Zeylan stream and Saman brook, the waters of Şarköy (Taşkapı) source are 42-800C, those of Hasanabdal sources are 34-650C. Water temperature of Çaldıran- Ayrancılar sources changes between 14-60.8 C. They are used by local people in summer for thermal purposes. Temperature of the Çaldıran-Buğulu sources are 3JCC. Temperature of Özalp- Çaybağı source is 61 C. According to the results of depth sounder, temperature is src in 452 m. Temperature of Seyhan source in Gürpınar Yurtbaşı area is 25 C. Temperatures of Başkale- Çamlık sources change between 31-3JCC. o

GEOTHERMAL POTENTIAL OF EASTERN ANATOLlA 20 o. A 20. o \ Ça mlıhemşin Rıze.. ~ G~.t..... o S v Ikizdere O e \.--.. AS1 ""'r 0 \>o- R M E ~o~ ~ ~ Karakoçan o Geothermal Place R A Q Airplane Harbour Customhouse R

GEOTHERMA AGRI - Diyadin 1 Tutak-Çermik -Yüksekova 1 Sarıtas, Gölebakan ARDAHAN - Posof 1 Deliklitas, Kayabeyi Çermikleri KARS :...ı<ağızman 1 Kötek - Susuz 1 Susuz ARTViN - Borçka 1 Balcı - Şavşat 1 Çoraklı - Dargeçit 1 Germav (llısu) BiTLiS ELAZIG ERZiNCAN - Tatvan 1 Nemrut - Güroymalrtd!Rlır - Germap 1 Simek - Golan 1 Karakoçan -llıca/kösünker - Çamlıhemşin 1 Ayder ~--,,-~ - - ikizdere 1 Ilıcaköy --.-~~----= ' - Varto 1 Derik (Abdurrahman Paşa), Kaynarca - Billoris ERZURUM - Pasinler 1 Uzunahmet Asboğa - Köprüköy 1 Köprüköy -Ilıca 1 Ilıca - Dumlu 1 Akdağ - - Mazgirt 1 Mazgirt -- -... -Erciş 1 Zila - Muradiye - Tekman 1 Gökoğlan, Meman, Hamzau--'""""'"'-"..,:_--~~.-~~ - Çaldıran 1 Ayranklar, Buğlu - Horasan 1 Çermik (Gökçeköy) -Saray 1 Özalp, Çaybağı - Çat 1 Hölenk - Gürpınar 1 Seyhan - Olur 1 Olur - Başkale 1 Çamlık