Critical Incident Management Instructor: Lieutenant Mo Canady, Hoover Police Department What Is A School Crisis?? A school crisis is any event that drastically disrupts or alters a normal school day for your campus. More dynamic if the media covers the event!! 1
Critical Incident Management What is Critical Incident Management? A system for organizing a response in a manner that is systematic and easily expandable to meet critical incident requirements. Examples of School Crisis School Bus Accidents Loss of Electrical Power Campus Fire/Building Damage Toxic Chemical Spill School Evacuations/Student Relocation Student/Teacher Deaths Injuries on Campus 2
Examples of School Crisis Suicide, Attempted Suicide or Threat of Suicide Quality Air Dangers Crimes on Campus: robbery, assault, rape, gang violence Terrorist Activities: bomb threats, hostage situations, and shootings Campus Intruders: trespassers, deranged persons, gunman, etc. Examples of School Crisis Explosions: boiler rooms, science labs, chemical storage, etc. Racial Tensions: hate crimes, harassment, teasing & bullying Protest/Riot Community Unrest Natural Disasters: severe weather, floods, thunderstorms, tornadoes, hurricanes Drive-by by-shooting or Multiple Victim/Injury Violence 3
Crisis Plan Identify specific emergencies Identify team members Specify the measures to be taken Detail steps for activating resources Assign responsibilities for each emergency and team member Train with Table Top and Mock Crisis Try to standardize through the system Standard Operating Procedures Be familiar with laws and local board policies that affect safety at the school level. 4
Standard Operating Procedures Be familiar with laws and local board policies that affect safety at the school level. List of materials and supplies each school is expected to have. Standard Operating Procedures Be familiar with laws and local board policies that affect safety at the school level. List of materials and supplies each school is expected to have. Transportation to alternate evacuation sites. 5
Standard Operating Procedures Notification of parents/guardians during critical situations. Standard Operating Procedures Notification of parents/guardians during critical situations. Preservation of the crime scene. 6
Standard Operating Procedures Notification of parents/guardians during critical situations. Preservation of the crime scene. Communication with the news media. Standard Operating Procedures Notification of parents/guardians during critical situations. Preservation of the crime scene. Communication with the news media. Determination of chain of command during the emergency. 7
Standard Operating Procedures Notification of parents/guardians during critical situations. Preservation of the crime scene. Communication with the news media. Determination of chain of command during the emergency. Method of student check out procedures during emergencies. INCIDENT MANAGEMENT When to use Incident Management Hostage Situations Traffic Incidents Mass Casualty Fires Rescue Operations Explosions Natural Disasters Terrorist Incidents 8
INCIDENT MANAGEMENT An Effective system includes: Common Terminology INCIDENT MANAGEMENT An Effective system includes: Common Terminology Integrated Communications 9
INCIDENT MANAGEMENT An Effective system includes: Common Terminology Integrated Communications Consolidated Action Plans INCIDENT MANAGEMENT An Effective system includes: Common Terminology Integrated Communications Consolidated Action Plans Manageable Span of Control 10
INCIDENT MANAGEMENT An Effective system includes: Common Terminology Integrated Communications Consolidated Action Plans Manageable Span of Control Designated Facilities INCIDENT MANAGEMENT Incident Command Model Incident Commander Operations Law Enforcement Fire Department EMS School Administration Utilities Planning Logistics Finance 11
INCIDENT MANAGEMENT 1. Single Command Single Incident Commander designated by the jurisdiction having authority. INCIDENT MANAGEMENT 1. Single Command Single Incident Commander designated by the jurisdiction having authority. 2. Unified Command All stakeholders or agencies who have a functional, jurisdictional, or legal responsibility at an incident contribute to the process 12
Tips for a Crisis Plan Develop a multi-agency Incident Command System. Be sure to use easily understood, universally recognized titles for each position to prevent confusion. Tips for a Crisis Plan Develop a plan to quickly locate key players. Be sure your communications equipment is sufficient enough to handle a mass emergency. 13
Tips for a Crisis Plan Have emotional support professionals available at the scene. Be sure to involve Fire Departments, EMS and Hospital personnel in your exercise. Plan for adverse weather conditions. Tips for a Crisis Plan Create a plan for traffic control. Be prepared to handle belligerent people in the crowd. How do you handle parents? Make emergency training exercises a consistent part of your training. 14
Tips for a Crisis Plan Thoroughly debrief after the training exercise. Identify not only successes but shortcomings and unexpected problems that need to be dealt with. Suggested Lockdown Procedures Is there a code to announce a school wide lockdown? Call it LOCKDOWN (Code Red and Code Yellow) Is there procedure for office staff, teachers, administrators, and a custodians to use when a lockdown occurs? Is there a procedure to lock classroom doors, windows, and entrances nces to the school? Is there a procedure for contacting law enforcement agencies for assistance about the threat? Is there a procedure to announce when a situation has been neutralized? Is there a procedure for portable classrooms to have communication on devices to report to the office? Are signs posted for visitors to report to the office when entering the school building? Practice before you need it 15
Code Yellow Lockdown May be used in the event of a Bomb Threat, Police K-9 K Search, Escaped Felon in the community, etc. The following steps should be taken: 1. Administrators should lock all exterior doors. 2. Teachers are to close and lock their classroom door. 3. Students are to remain in the classroom at all times during the lockdown. 4. Teachers may open the classroom door in order to allow students or faculty to enter the classroom. 5. During the lockdown, teachers should re-inspect their classroom to determine if anything appears to be out of place. 6. An Administrator will advise teachers when the lockdown has ended. Code Yellow Lockdown Special Considerations Gymnasiums Move students to the center of the gym Account for all students Listen for further instructions Cafeteria Have students remain in cafeteria Maintain silence Listen for further instructions Athletic fields / Playgrounds Bring students to the center of the field Account for all students Listen for further instructions 16
Code Red Lockdown The Code Red Lockdown should be used in the event of an Active Shooter, A Violent Suspect on Campus, An Escaped Felon in the Immediate Area, etc The following steps should be taken: 1. Administrators should lock all exterior doors if necessary. 2. Teachers are to take the following course of action: Close and lock their classroom door. Move students to the safest part of the room. Do not open door until instructed to do so by Police. Turn off electronic devices if possible. Code Red Lockdown 3. Students who happen to be outside of their classroom during a code red lockdown should quickly move to the safest possible area. Students should be aware that teachers are NOT to open classroom doors during a code red lockdown. 4. School personnel should be assigned to check common areas such as restrooms, gyms and cafeterias. 5. The police will advise teachers when the lockdown has ended. 17
Code Red Lockdown Special Considerations Gymnasiums Students should be secured in locker rooms. Cafeteria Students should be secured in kitchen area. Athletic fields / Playgrounds Outdoor threat - students should be taken inside and secured in the building if possible. Indoor threat - students should be secured in a preplanned outdoor area. Suggested Lockdown Procedures Teacher Responsibilities Inspect Classrooms Educate Students What to do during lockdown What if they are outside of the classroom? What if police enter the room? 18
First Responder Actions Recognize Avoid Isolate Notify Think Out of The Box SIGHT SURVEY ANALYSIS Physical characteristics for response Location of School Configuration - number of buildings Avenues of approach Traffic Patterns Terrain How will we contain? 19
Exterior Considerations 1. Construction of Building 2. Location of Doors/Windows 3. Cover/Concealment 4. Avenues of approach Utilities 20
Utilities Utilities 21
Utilities Utilities 22
Interior Considerations Stairways and Hallways 23
Cafeterias & Kitchens Library 24
Portable Buildings (Trailers) Additional Concerns Fire Alarm Systems Audible Alarms 25
Additional Concerns Gymnasiums Location and Size Science/Chemistry Labs HazMat Concerns Main Office Phones and Intercom Video Surveillance System TWO NECCESSITIES!!! I. Master Keys. II. Floor Plans. 26
RAPID DEPLOYMENT Definition The swift and immediate deployment of law enforcement resources to on-going, life threatening situations where delayed deployment could otherwise result in death or great bodily injury to innocent persons. RECOMMENDATION CONSIDER SEEKING ACTIVE SHOOTER TRAINING FOR YOUR DEPARTMENT!!! 27
Think About This.. Shots fired in the school. Several students down. Gunmen are still in the building with hostages. Are you prepared? 28