ICN Based Scalable Audio/Video Conferencing over Virtual Service Edge Router (VSER) Platform

ICN Based Scalable Audio/Video Conferencing over Virtual Service Edge Router (VSER) Platform Ravi Ravindran and Asit Chakraborti (ravi.ravindran@huawei.com/asit.chakraborti@huawei.com) (Huawei Research Lab, Santa Clara) (ITU/FG-IMT-2020, Turin, Sept-2015)

Speakers Biography: Dr. Ravi Ravindran is a Senior Staff Researcher at Huawei. He has been conducting advanced telecommunications research for over 15 years. His current area of research focuses on Information-centric Networking and extends to Internet of Things, 5G, NFV and SDN. Specifically, his research focus has been on NSF-funded future Internet proposals such as NDN/CCN, Mobility First, and XIA, in collaboration with standard bodies (IETF/ITU),external research groups and academia. Prior to this role, he was part of the CTO office at Nortel, where he was part of the Advanced Technology Group focused on research areas like Control Plane Routing Protocols related to IP/(G)MPLS, Scheduling problems in 4G Wireless, and End-to-End QoE/QoS Engineering for Multimedia. Over the course of his research, he has been part of more than 10 granted patents and over 40 pending filings in various areas of networking technologies. He has over 30 technical publications in conferences and journals. Dr. Ravindran received his Ph.D. in Systems and Computer Engineering from Carleton University in Canada.

Agenda 5G Requirements 5G-ICN Architecture VSER Platform A/V Conferencing over VSER A/V Conferencing Architecture Demo Scenario

5G-ICN Architecture

5G Requirements Requirements have been set in [1] Enable Service Centric Networking Allow new Business Models XaaS (Naas/SaaS/PaaS) Not only Connectivity Services Service Platform for Users and ASPs Personalized and Contextualized Low end-to-end Latency 1-10ms depending on the application High Capacity and Data Rate >1000x Capacity, >10-100x Bandwidth High Reliability Security, Mobility, Disaster Scenarios Heterogeneous Devices and Applications Traditional and Emerging IoT (M2M)) [1] NGMN White Paper on 5G: https://www.ngmn.org/uploads/media/ngmn_5g_white_paper_v1_0.pdf

How ICN Meets these Requirements? ICN provides a flexible Service-Centric Platform. Build in Security/Mobility/Muticasting/Compute/Cache Placement of Compute and Cache/Storage Anywhere BS, Lamp Posts, Home Gateway, Routers, etc ICN Provides Information (service/content/host) Packet Abstraction to process/store it anywhere. Multiple Modes of Communication D2D/P2MP/MP2MP Name Based Networking MORE SECURE than Address Based Networking Security/Context tightly binds to Identity (e.g. Mitigate DDOS) Many Security risks due to Address Exposure [1] Receiver oriented communication, Receiver Anonymity. Scalable and Flexible Name Resolution System Local and Global Mobility via Caching and Late-Binding Service Orchestration via dedicated ASP Controllers working over ICN Network Abstractions. [1] Telit White Paper, M2M/IoT Cellular Data Security http://www.m2mnow.biz/2015/08/17/35874-telit-whitepaper-m2miot-cellular-data-security/

SE-RAN & ICN-SAN: Service-Enabled 5G Architecture Device Layer Service Connectivity Layer DC & App layer SE- RAN Routing, Storage Security, Mobility Computing (Level 1) Routing, Storage Security, Mobility Computing (Level 2) ICN Service Virtualization Platform ICN Service Router ICN Router NG C-RAN ICN-BS ICN-BS ICN-Wifi-AP ICN-SR Service Mobility ICN Network Resource mgmt Data Center Applicatio ns, Devices Low-Power Wireless RAN (Lo-RAN) Sensors Proximity WPAN WLAN WNAN WWAN ICN-GW Common Information Centric Bus (CIBUS) ICN-SR Internet Core ICN Router ICN Service Access Network (SAN) Heterogeneous Radio Access & mobility Unified backbone/core transport Ubiquitous security Enterprise Context-aware Self-x networking & mgmt

SE-RAN Functional Features NG C-RAN Flat Architecture and Heterogeneous Radio Access ICN Edge Cloud Intelligence all the way to the BS and UE Distributed Routing, Storage/Caching, Computing, Mobility Functions Application/Services Binds to Names Name Based Routing/Forwarding Mobility/Migration Multi-homing/Multicasting Data based Security and Trust (Enforceable on the Infrastructure) D2D/P2P/MP2MP Adaptable and Service Centric (Low Latency, High Throughput etc.) Common Information-Centric BUS (CIBUS) Addresses the need for next 50B IoT devices Middleware over Constrained and Non-Constrained Devices Enables Self-Organization (Discovery, Routing, Service Point Attachment) Contextualized Device/Service Discovery Heterogeneous Radios (WPAN,LORAN, WLAN etc.) Local/Global Naming Service Hierarchical Data Processing Security/Trust Management PUB/SUB System for Large scale Content Distribution Open-APIs for Inter IoT system connectivity

ICN Service Access Network (ICN-SAN) ICN Service Enabled Network Infrastructure ICN Service Edge Routers Host Arbitrary Service Functions Caching/Storage/Computing features ICN Routers focusing on High Performance Routing/Forwarding Service Virtualization Platform ICN-Centric Network Slicing/Virtualization and Resource Management Fine Grained Cache/Compute/Bandwidth/Spectrum Resource Management for end-to-end Service Delivery ICN based Network Abstraction Software-Defined Name Based Routing Opportunistic Placement of Service Functions and Inter- Connection to Adapt to varying user behavior and dynamics Service Orchestration involving UE, Servers and VSERs, E- NodeB (end-to-end)

Common Information-Centric BUS (CIBUS) for IoT Services Applications Devices Service Mgmt/Control API Discovery Management e.g., Network services discovery Device discovery Name Management e.g., Naming mgmt Name certification Name resolution Context Processing e.g., Data aggregation Data filtering Policy Based Routing, Forwarding and Mobility e.g., Self Clustering Context-supervised routing CIBUS Middleware LEAN ICN Protocol Light-weight OS [ICN Socket] ZigBee 802.11 a* BT SigFox 802.15.4 5G Cellular Proximity WPAN WLAN WNAN WWAN Lean ICN stack with Middleware for Embedded Systems.

Name-based Networking Architecture ICN PDU Structure Application binds to persistent names than temporary location bindings (IP) Isolates Applications and Services from underlying dynamics such as Mobility, Migration, Disconnection Elastic Packet Format [1] proposal to have a single protocol for constrained and non-constrained networks unlike IPv6 and 6LowPAN. Interest/Get ICN Protocol IP Protocol Src-IP Dest-IP ToS TTL ID(Content/Service/Device) Response/Put ID(Content/Service/Device) Security Context Metadata Signature Security Info. Send packet from i/f A to i/f B. Shortest Path or TE Path Simple Forwarding Plane, Edge Complexity Scaling through Address Aggregation Self-Sustained and elastic unit of Data Cache/Processing anywhere in the pipeline. Multicasting - Natural Multi-homing Natural Significantly better Mobility Exploits ubiquitous computing, caching, bandwidth resources. Intelligent forwarding Plane [1] IETF/ICNRG, Elastic ICN Packet Format, https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ravi-elastic-icn-packet-format-00

5G-ICN IoT Scenario Service-id-1 Emergency Response Service Controller ICN First Responder Interest-Notification{/serviceid-1 <emergency- 911> <Context>} Interest-Notification{/serviceid-2 <emergency- 911> <Context>} ICN-BS Service-ID-2 ICN First Respo Service-id-1 Optical BH Interest-Notification{/service-id -1 <emergency-911> <Context>} ICN Interest-Notification{/serviceid-2 <emergency- 911> <Context>} IN Interest-Notification{/Vehicleid-x <emergency- 911> <Context>} Ad Hoc Communication Here the services are local, achieving latency requirements Naming/Name resolution has only local significance. Heterogeneous Backhaul, including High Speed Optical Networks or LEO Satellites [1] Interest Notification is PUSH primitive being proposed for CCN/NDN [2] [1] Samsung on using Satellite in 5G: http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/samsungs-space-internet-could-provide-the-whole-world-withaffordable-internet/ [2] Interest Notification, Support for Notifications in CCN, https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ravi-ccn-notification-00

Virtual Service Edge Router Platform (VSER)

VSER: Virtual Service Edge Router High Level View VSER ICN Services ICN Service Hypervisor ICN Router (CCN) ICN Service Management VSER Platform Highlights ICN based Service Edge Router ICN Service Virtualization ICN Service Function Life Cycle Orchestration and Management Service Function Chaining Service Discovery, Service Contextualization. Generalized to any service, real-time (conferencing, IOT) or non real-time (content delivery) ICN Service Orchestrator (ICN Cloud Controller + ICN Network Controller) ICN S-UNI Service Manager ASP-1 PULL/PUSH, MP-to-MP communication App ICN SAL ICN A-UNI SAP ICN Service Gateway ICN Service-1 ICN Router L3/L2 ICN C-API ICN Service-2 VFSR-1 ICN Service Profile Manager Service Manager Service Manager ASP-2 ASP-3 Unified control functions interworking with SDN/NFV Service Orchestration by OpenStack and FloodLight. ICN-UE ICN Edge- Cloud ICN Platform API SAP ICN Service Gateway ICN Service-1 ICN Router L3/L2 ICN Service-2 VFSR-2 Interest/Data SF1 SF2 SF3 ICN SF Chaining Non-proprietary Platform Overlay deployment of ICN Optimized software stack including Multithreaded CCNx. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. [1] Ravi Ravindran et al, Towards Software Defined ICN Based Edge Cloud Services IEEE, CloudNet, 2013 Page 14 [2] P. Talebifard, R. Ravindran et al, An Information Centric Networking Approach Towards Contextualized Edge Service, IEEE, CCNC, 2015

Realizing ICN Enabled Network Slicing Platform Service naming Service Discovery Service Configuration Service Request/Routing Context Expression D2D /Multi-homing Mobility as a Service ICN Network Slice Service Functions Edge Service Control Functions Context Processing Caching/Storage/Data Security Services Mobility as a Service Service-based Spectrum Management Edge Cloud Service Orchestration Edge Cloud Service State Service function Placement/Composition End-to-end Resource Management Service Logic Execution Service Monitoring (KPI) Service-x Controller (e.g. content distribution) ICN Network Abstraction Service-y Controller (e.g. V2V) Internet Core ASP Service ASP Service RSU Transport Slice Video Streaming Service Slice V2V Slice Transport Slice ICN Enabled Access Network Transport Slice VSER Service specific Compute/Cache/Sto Current Network Slicing definition focuses on : ageslice Connectivity, Network and Host level Programmability and Resource Commitment. Network Slicing from ICN perspective Includes enabling and enforcing : Naming, Context Processing, Security (Access/Integrity/Trust), Data, Resource Requirements (Cache/Storage/Compute), Mobility-As-A-Service, Name based Routing Services ICN Platform can offer these functions as a service to allow service differentiation ICN slices are driven over L2, L3(IPv4/v6), Hybrid, Wireless, Optical Technologies with Programmable Bandwidth/Specturm HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES resources. CO., (ICN LTD. is Transport Agnostic) Page 15 Fine granular Slicing can be realized at Service, Control and User Plane level to meet specific application requirements.

Audio/Video Conferencing over VSER HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 16

Audio & Video Conferencing Challenges Audio 150ms, Video 350ms, Sync +45ms to -125ms Difficult with CCN/NDN as is, considering its a PULL based architecture Minimize latency means to emulate PUSH model in CCN/NDN without sacrificing Multicasting, Flow Balance, Caching, Multi-Path Routing features. Scale to any number conferences and video flows Avoid any single point of bottleneck Random Join/Leave of Participant Participant able to choose any participant video at anytime Communication should be Authenticated and Private Current design suffers from centralized bottlenecks in a clientserver design or clients themselves in a P2P design. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 17

Serverless Scalable Audio-Video Conferencing over VSER [1][2] Interest {Notify: { VSER://conferencesession/karen/<fingure-print>} VSER- NSAP Conference Controller VSER- NSAP Interest {Content: { VSER://conferencesession/karen/<fingure-print>} Edge Cloud Edge Cloud Interest {Content: { VSER://conferencesession/karen/<fingure-print>} VSER- NSAP Edge Cloud Notifications Content Edge Cloud VSER- NSAP Bandwidth Scales O(N), where N =#of Participants Interest {Content: { VSER://conferencesession/karen/<fingure-print>} Conference Controller Functions Enable MP-2-MP Connectivity Conference Level Virtualization : Multiple Simultaneous Conferences, Service Scaling, Dynamic Name Based Routing, Conference Monitoring and Management. Context level Adaptation [1] Asit Chakraborti et al, ICN Based Scalable Audio/Video Conferencing over Virtual Service Edge Router (VSER) Platform ICN Sigcomm, 2015 [2] Anil Jangam HUAWEI et al, Realtime TECHNOLOGIES Multi-Party Video CO., Conferencing LTD. Service over Information-Centric Network, Workshop on Mutimedia Streaming Page in 18 ICN (MuSIC), 2015

A/V Conferencing Architecture The Producer design is simpler in the sense of generating A/V content and publishing it for consumption. The Consumer design is challenges considering: 1) Lack of knowledge of Names ; 2) Decipher if content is from Cache or Producer; 3) Pre-fetching to achieve Producer rate ; 4) Flow Control/Cache recovery Considering Network Conditions We address these challenges using VSER Based Notification Mechanism, which guides the consumers HUAWEI Interest TECHNOLOGIES expression CO., process. LTD. Page 19

A/V Conferencing Demo Scenario over VSER Internet 1 ICN S-UNI Enterprise Operator Service Discovery Service Request/Response Data Request/Response Mobility Contextualization ICN Service Orchestrator 2 Parameters (# of sites, users, devices, etc) Bandwidth and Compute Requirements Conf. App ICN SAL 4 ICN A-UNI VSER-1 Edge Cloud 3 Service function orchestration and Dynamic CCN FIB Configuration L3/L2 VSER-2 Edge Cloud ICN A-UNI ICN Network Based Conferencing Service Conf. Service Conf. Service Conf. Service Conference Controller manages states of all the sites, participants and mapping to Proxy SF to handle Media Notifications. Controller is provided ICN Abstraction, to manage Name Based Routing to UEs mapping to different sites. Mobility in CCN proposed to be supported using Forwarding-label proposal [1] HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. [1] IETF/ICNRG, Forwarding-Label support in CCN Protocol, https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ravi-ccn-forwarding-label-00 Page 20

Conclusions ICN offers a natural service-centric platform to enable end-to-end Service Virtualization. SE-RAN proposal integrates traditional smart devices with CIBUS enabling connectivity and self-organization to all the IoT devices. VSER is a ICN based Service-Edge router which can host arbitrary ICN Service Functions. We discussed A/V Conferencing Architecture and the demo scenario based on VSER. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 21

Thank You..and