Panel: Cloud/SDN/NFV 黃 仁 竑 教 授 國 立 中 正 大 學 資 工 系 2015/12/26

Transcription

1 Panel: Cloud/SDN/NFV 黃 仁 竑 教 授 國 立 中 正 大 學 資 工 系 2015/12/26 1

2 Outline Cloud data center (CDC) Software Defined Network (SDN) Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Conclusion 2

3 Cloud Computing Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST 3

4 Essential Characteristics On-demand self-service 隨 需 應 變 自 助 服 務 Broad network access 網 路 使 用 無 所 不 在 Resource pooling 資 源 彙 整 Rapid elasticity 高 度 彈 性 ( 資 源 佈 署 與 調 整 ) Measured Service 計 算 服 務 ( 自 動 控 制 最 佳 化 與 量 測 各 類 服 務 資 源 ) 4

5 Service Models Software as a Service (SaaS) Platform as a Service (PaaS) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 5

6 Key Enabling Technologies Fast wide-area networks Powerful, inexpensive server computers High-performance virtualization for commodity hardware 6

7 Data Center Physical Layout 7

8 Google s Data Center Source: 8

9 Containerized Data Center 9

10 Data Center Topologies Hierarchical switches Core Aggregation End of Row (EoR) Access Edge Top of Rack (ToR) 10

11 Data Center Networks servers per rack Each server connected to 2 access switches with 1 Gbps (10 Gbps becoming common) Access switches connect to 2 aggregation switches Aggregation switches connect to 2 core routers Core routers connect to edge routers Aggregation layer is the transition point between L2- switched access layer and l3-routed core layer Low Latency: In high-frequency trading market, a few microseconds make a big difference. 11

12 Data Center Networks Core routers manage traffic between aggregation routers and in/out of data center All switches below each pair of aggregation switches form a single layer-2 domain Each Layer 2 domain typically limited to a few hundred servers to limit broadcast Most traffic is internal to the data center. Network is the bottleneck. Uplinks utilization of 80% is common. Most of the flows are small. 12

13 Goals For Data Center Network Fabrics Manageable Plug and play Easy configuration and management Scalable 100,000+ Physcial Machines (PM) 1 Pbps (Peta bits per second) bandwidth Routing, forwarding and addressing Flexible Virtualization support Seamless VM migration 13

14 Goals For Data Center Network Fabrics Cost effective Low deployment cost for switches Cost per 1Gbps, port Fault tolerance Redundant routes Multiple routing paths Maximum end-to-end aggregate bandwidth High throughput between two VMs Virtualization 14

15 Challenges of Traditional Data Center Traditional layer 2 protocols do not fit to large scale layer 2 network Spanning tree protocol (too slow, cannot explore redundant bandwidth) TRILL, SPB Broadcast storm (e.g., ARP) Limited VLAN ID (tag) (max VLANs) VXLAN Address auto learning (limited switching (FIB) table) Layer 2 switching, location based address 15

16 Software Defined Network (SDN) What is SDN The physical separation of the network control plane from the forwarding plane, and where a control plane controls several devices. (from ONF) SDN is an emerging architecture that is dynamic, manageable, costeffective, and adaptable, making it ideal for the high-bandwidth, dynamic nature of today's applications. This architecture decouples the network control and forwarding functions enabling the network control to become directly programmable and the underlying infrastructure to be abstracted for applications and network services. 16

17 SDN Directly programmable Agile Abstracting control from forwarding Centrally managed Programmatically configured SDN lets network managers configure, manage, secure, and optimize network resources very quickly via dynamic, automated SDN programs. Open standards-based vendor neutral 17

18 SDN 18

19 SDN SDN is a framework to allow network administrators to automatically and dynamically manage and control a large number of network devices, services, topology, traffic paths, and packet handling (quality of service) policies using high-level languages and APIs. Management includes provisioning, operating, monitoring, optimizing, and managing FCAPS (faults, configuration, accounting, performance, and security) in a multi-tenant environment. 19

20 What SDN can do? Virtualization: network resource virtualization Orchestration: control and manage thousands of devices/services Programmable Dynamic Scaling: change size, quantity Automation: minimize manual involvement Troubleshooting, Reduce downtime, Policy enforcement, Provisioning/Re-provisioning/ Segmentation of resources, Add new workloads, sites, devices, and resources 20

21 What SDN can do? Visibility: Monitor resources, connectivity Multi-tenancy Service Integration: Load balancers, firewalls, IDS, provisioned on demand and placed appropriately on the traffic path Performance: Optimize network device utilization Traffic engineering/bandwidth management, Capacity optimization, Load balancing, High utilization, Fast failure handling 21

22 What can SDN bring to Data Center? Traffic engineering Integrate with Open vswitch, OpenStack Topology discovery (plug-and-play) Advanced routing (load balancing, re-routing, multipath routing, multi-tenant, ) Fast failure recovery Special treatment to in-cast or elephant flows Standard API for network provisioning Network virtualization Network Function Virtualization (NFV) 22

23 Network Function Virtualization A means to make the network more flexible and simple by minimising dependence on HW constraints Traditional Network Model: APPLIANCE APPROACH v v Virtualised Network Model: VIRTUAL APPLIANCE APPROACH DPI Firewall BRAS CG-NAT GGSN/SGSN Session Border Controller Network Functions are based on specific HW&SW One physical node per role PE Router DPI BRAS CG-NAT Firewall PE Router GGSN/ SGSN Network Functions are SW-based over well-known HW Multiple roles over same HW VIRTUAL APPLIANCES ORCHESTRATION, AUTOMATION & REMOTE INSTALL STANDARD HIGH VOLUME SERVERS 23

24 Network Function Virtualization 24

25 Network Function Virtualization Network Functions Virtualisation is about implementing network functions in software - that run today on proprietary hardware - leveraging standard servers and IT virtualization Facilitates innovation towards new network functions and services that are only practical in a pure software network environment Applicable to any data plane and control plane functions, (fixed or mobile networks) NFV aims to ultimately transform the way network operators architect and operate their networks 25

26 NFV Proof of Concepts ETSI has formed and NFV ISG PoCForum. Following modules have been demoed: 1. Virtual Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS) by British Telecom 2. Virtual IP Multimedia System (IMS) by Deutsche Telekom 3. Virtual Evolved Packet Core (vepc) by Orange Silicon Valley 26

27 NFV Proof of Concepts 4. Carrier-Grade Network Address Translator (CGNAT) and Deep Packet Inspection (DPI), Home Gateway by Telefonica 5. Perimeta Session Border Controller (SBC) from Metaswitch 6. Deep packet inspection from Procera Most of these are based on Cloud technologies, e.g., OpenStack 27

28 Ongoing Proof of Concepts C-RAN virtualization with dedicated hardware accelerator China Mobile - Alcatel-Lucent - Wind River Systems - Intel CloudNFV Open NFV Framework Project Telefonica - Sprint - 6WIND - Dell - EnterpriseWeb Mellanox - Metaswitch - Overture Networks - Qosmos - Huawei - Shenick E2E vepc Orchestration in a multi-vendor open NFVI environment Telefonica - Sprint - Intel - Cyan - Red Hat - Dell - Connectem 28

29 Network Function Virtualization Employs standard IT virtualization technology to consolidate multiple network equipment types onto industry standard high volume servers, switches, and storage devices, and less investment in network equipment (CAPEX), network management and operation (OPEX), accelerate service provisioning and create differentiation. 29

30 Cloud, SDN, NFV SDN facilitates TE of Data Center, provides better network virtualization Cloud SDN Cloud provides the infrastructure for NFV NFV NFV+SDN can redirect traffic to desired virtual functions plan the service chain dynamically SDN+NFV: Dealing with complicated packet processing 30

31 SDN+NFV NFV framework VNF: virtualized network function NFVI: NFV infrastructure MANO: NFV management and orchestration SDN+NFV VIM talks to an SDN controller to orchestrate the virtualized network in the NFV infrastructure 31

32 Conclusion SDN NFV Separates the network control plane from the forwarding plane Provides features of programmable, agile, centrally managed, programmatically configured, open standards-based vendor neutral. An evolution to shift from proprietary devices to flexible virtual functions Open the chance of innovations Still full of design and research issues 32