GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION

CARPENTRY - HOUSING GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Th x noduc vy of ubjc m d o Budng nd Conucon, d v. I houd b d n conjuncon wh Bc Budng nd Conucon Sk, poducd by TAFE nd Addon, Wy, Longmn Au Py Lmd, bwn hm hy dd h foowng; Th x oun upndd mb gound foo conucon mhod, boh p nd pn, nd upp foo conucon mhod fo wo oy wok. Anv foo conucon mhod ound w, ncudng pc bm nd jo. Ccuon mhod ng o foo fm mmb qun, p nd h foong nd co xpnd nd xmp povdd. A comphnv Goy of Tm ncudd h nd of h x whch povd dd dcpon of d m, chnc conn nd om d jgon. Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 1

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Th con d wh convnon upndd mb foo fm nd om nv yp of foo fmng ym. A Un 5 nd 6 d wh Sb-on-gound conucon nd Sp foong, h un w d wh h ucu bov h op of h foong o h op of h foong. No: Th bwn h undd of h foong nd h gound v known h Sub-foo. Gound foo conucon n domc budng cn b bokn up no h bod : 1. Gound foo uppong ym fo foo fm; 2. Th foo fm ; 3. Th foong. CONVENTIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS fo FLOOR FRAMES Iod Suppo Sym Th ym ncud od p, ump, po nd coumn, whch my b ud fo mb fm dwng. Th foo fm my b uppod ung ny of h foowng uppong mhod; Mony P Th ym con of od bck, bock o on p. Bck p gny 230mm qu uppod on conc pd foong. Th yp of p dom bcd, h mxmum hgh fo 230mm qu p gud 1.0m (1000mm) whch, fo ndd mc bck m h hgh o 11 cou. P, whch ncd n hgh, mu b ncd n ov b dmnon o compn fo h ck of by nd houd no xcd 3.0m n hgh, whou cfcon fom Sucu Engn. Th op of p houd b v nd n-n o pvn unncy pckng of b. 230mm p 11 cou mxmum fo ndd mc bck 1000 mx 200mm mn. hck conc pd o bob foong 200mm mn. povdd cnc of 400mm mnnd 2000mm mx. ou fom p Fg. 1 Bck p fo domc conucon Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 2 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING S Po S po nomy conncd o h foong by h u of boom p, whch my b c no h foong o bod o h foong pd by h u of c-n hod down bo, o bod ung mony ncho. Th po gny dgnd fo ucu whch d off h gound o on opng. Th po ofn qu ong nd m whch mn h xnv, w-dgnd bcng n. A po conucon nd bcng mu b dgnd o ppovd by Sucu Engn nd h b of po houd b pocd wh u nhbng cong bfo bng c no conc pd. 'U' cp o k b 300mm 300mm mn. mn dph dph no no foong. foong (No: (No: B B my o my bo bod bo op of conc bodfoong) o op of conc foong). Pc Conc Coumn Fg. 2 Typc po d Tody, mo coumn conucd of pc 20 MP vbd nfocd conc. Th nfocd conc ump hv od pojcng on op, whch ud o connc h mb foo b o h ump. Th foong fo h coumn nomy poud conc pd n ho bod o dug down o b bng. Th coumn c wh ho hough h fc o h bcng cn b chd. I nom o bc mmb h xnd ou of h gound mo hn 900mm. Gvnd fxng g An cp Ey fo non of fng b G.L. Fg. 3 Pc conc ump Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 3

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Tmb Sump Sump nomy ound nd md of dub,.. C 1, mb o mu b chmcy d o mpov duby,.. pu d wh CCA. Sump no nomy ud n NSW, p fom h ong von ud fo po fm hom. If ud, hy houd compy wh d n h NSW Tmb Fmng Mnu fo mn. dm nd mx. hgh bov gound v. Embdmn no h foundon m houd no b hn 30% of h ump hgh bov gound v o 450mm, whch v h g. Wh h hgh bov gound v xcd 15 m h wdh of h m fc, o h dm of h ump, n ngn mu dgn h co-con dmnon, ym of bcng nd dph of mbdmn. An cp Hod-down bong ym fo hgh wnd n cgoy G.L. Th con mu b h cod wh dub wpoofng gn o b d wh CC4 o m Sump my b bddd n conc o b pckd n cuhd gn Connuou Suppo Sym Fg. 4 Tmb ump mbddd no foundon Common Suppo Sym fo Rdn Sucu Foundon o Dwf w fo mb fm, bck vn nd cvy bck conucon uuy 110 mm hck nd nghnd by nggd o chd p, 230 mm x 110 mm, bondd o d o hm dgnd cn o u h z nd gd of b. Gny h nn of h foo fm uppod on 230 x 230mm od bck p. Achd o nggd p (230 x 110) 110mm Dwf w 'Bko' ud o p o w Fg. 5 Dwf w nd p Iod p o Ind p (230 x 230) Achd p Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 4 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Tmb Fmd Sucu Th ym my b conucd of xn dwf w, nggd p nd od 230 x 230mm md foo uppo o mpy hv 230 x 230mm od p ound h pm nd uppong h md foo. Skng Rucd whbod Sud Pbod nng Skng bock Skng Boom P Tongu nd goovd foong Jo B Mn 7300mm² Vn pcd mx 1.0m cn Dwf bck w Hf n cp Dmp poof cou Connuou n cp (fu) Enggd p G.L. 400mm mn. Rnfocd conc p foong o AS2870 Fg. 6 Typc con hough mb fmd ucu Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 5

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Bck Vn Sucu Th h mo common yp of dn conucon dgn wh h xn 110mm kn bng bu fom h op of h foong o h undd of h v. Th ub-foo con of h 110mm xn kn wh bck p bng chd o, uuy by budng n bck o nfocng w (Bcko), cn o u h z nd gd of h b. Th op of h p cppd wh m hd (hf cp) nd h xn w hv connuou m hd bu-n fo h fu ngh bwn p. A dmp-poof cou (DPC) uuy pcd dcy und h m hd No: Th connuou m hd houd cov h fu wdh of h xn kn o pvn m vng up hough h vod n h bck jon, p AS 3660.1 Pbod nng Sud Boom p Vn Vmn poofng w Skng Sucu pcbod h foong Jo B Mn. 7300mm² Vn pcd mx. 1.0m cn Hf n cp Dmp poof cou Connuou n cp Enggd p 400mm mn G.L. Rnfocd conc p foong o AS 2870 Fg. 7 Typc con hough bck vn xn w Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 6 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Cvy Bck Sucu Th conucon con of wo kn of 110mm bckwok pd by cvy wh 50mm vg wdh. Th DPC, m hd nd chd p pcd m o bck vn conucon. Th ony dffnc bng h h m hd mu b h fu wdh of h cvy w o pvn m ccng h upp hough h cvy. Skng Tongu & goovd foong Tzzo hhod 400mm mn. Jo B Hf n cp Dmp poof cou Enggd p G.L. Cvy Connuou n cp (fu wdh) Mn 7300mm² vn pcd mx 1.0m cn Wp ho Mo f Sppd ou foong Rnfocd conc p foong o AS2870 Fg. 8 Typc con hough cvy bck xn w Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 7

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Anv Adjub P Sym Th ym, commony known by d nm of UNI-PIER, con of hoow qu ub whch h n djub copc hf wh b p on nd nd fxng bck h oh, comp wh own bu-n n cp. I h ho-dppd gvnd hf wh n djub op con, whch bod hough fo od bng ppcon. Th b p wdd o h hf nd my b mony bod o conc pd o b c no h conc pd o c n ncho. Th op o hd con h b fxng bck wdd o h b p/n cp, whch n un wdd o h hd con. Th hd con h f-dng cw o ow fxng off o v, gh hgh bfo h od-bng bo dd hough nd fxd. Th ym h mny dvng ov convnon p ym hown bow: F nd o n hn oh p yp; Mo co ffcv ov 1.0m hgh; Song conucon nd ghwgh; E o v du o djub hf; Mnnnc f ho-dppd gvnd fnh; Song hod down n hgh wnd n; Povd hgh, mo opn cw pc fo npcon nd; Suppd wh hd mby fo chng mb o b. B - Tmb o S Typ 17 Scw 'C' Bck B Suppo Fxng Bck (wdd o b p/ ncp) Sf-Dng Scw (fo fxng dung vng) Fxng Bo o Wh odbng u 8-14# 20x22 f dng cw. Wh non-bng, u 4-14# 20x22 f dng cw. B P (wdd o po) Bo o conc pd o C no conc, p c ncho B P (odbng wh ng ncp) Ho Dppd Gvnd Sub fo S o Tmb B BHP Pun B Fg. 9 Un-p copc po nd hd Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 8 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Poonng Iod P Iod p, o fd o p o nd p, pcd pcng o u h mxmum b nd/o jo pn nd h poon of nn od bng w. Th w nu h h oof od, fo convnony conucd oof, nfd o h foong v h b nd p. No: Tud oof ym ony hv xn od-bng w, hfo h pcng of p ony cc fo h b nd/o jo mxmum pn. Th mxmum off of b up o 125mm dp fom und od-bng w o b 22% of owb b pn fo h oof nd 16% of owb b pn fo d oof. Fg. 10 Typc pn of mb fmd cog Fg. 11 Typc p nd dwf w you fo h cog Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 9

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION SUB-FLOOR VENTILATION nd ACCESS Th pupo of ub-foo pc o povd h foowng; Evon of h budng fo opng o vod cung nd fng; Suffcn pc fo ccuon nd mov of ppd mou; Ey cc fo fuu npcon o o cy ou cfcon wok. Vnon To povd dqu fow, vnon houd b povdd ound h budng o pvn ppd pock of bnh h foo. Th my b chvd by pcng ub vn nomnd pcng und h ow mb mmb,.. h b. Th moun of vnon qud my vy n dffn, bu mnmum h Aun Sndd, AS 3660.1 Pocon of budng fom ubnn Tm, commnd 7300mm² n vnon p n m on boh xn nd nn w. Scon of Vno AS 3660.1 h mpy vng dy ppnd ound h budng w no povd dqu vnon h mxmum povdd woud b ppox. 4600mm². To mk u vno povd h 7300mm² mnmum p m of xn w h opn of ch yp o ym houd b ccud. A compon of vnon mhod how h foowng; Dy ppnd on vy bck / m of w ngh 4600mm² T-co vn pcd vy 4 h bck 4335mm² Doub bck co pc vy 4 h bck 11520mm² Conc vn wh w n vy 4 h bck 42000mm² No: Th ppoxm ony. PREFERRED VENT (OPEN BRICK VENT TYPES) TERRA COTTA STANDARD VENT 230 x 126mm CONCRETE WITH WIRE MESH VENT 470 x 162mm TERRA COTTA LOUVRED VENT 230 X 162MM Fg. 12 Vou vnng ym Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 10 Thd Edon 2004

Acc fo Sub- foo Inpcon CARPENTRY - HOUSING Th Budng Cod of Au - Voum 2. Houng Povon h wh ucu mmb n budng ubjc o ck by ubnn m, AS 3660.1 Pocon of Budng fom Subnn Tm - Nw Budng h ppy. Evn whn h budng conucd ny of non-ucpb ucu mmb (.g. nuy m n o pvv d mb, fm, c.) g opnon ndc h no m pocon h bn povdd, hfo m my n h budng nd dmg h conn nd fmn. In h c h bud w b b fo no povdng ub b. Ronb Acc Roof pc nd ub-foo, cd by upndd mb, o conc foo, mu b md ccb n nw budng gd of h m ud fo h conucon. Obvouy h povon do no ppy f h oof nd on-h-k, h foo of bon-gound conucon o h b n on f. Acc o h oof pc hough n cc pn, o fd o mnho, whch nomy pcd bwn cng jo n h h, undy, wk-n-ob o chd gg. Acc o h ub-foo hough foundon cc doo, n bck cog, o bwn uppong p, fo mb fmd cog. Mny od dn budng hv oof pc nd ub-foo, bu do no hv dqu cc nd n om c no cc. Som od cvy bck cog hv cc pn n h foo of h h covd by cp o noum hng. Acc fo vu npcon h ncud mnmum cnc of 400mm bwn fnhd gound v nd ny ucu componn o oh obucon.g. b, jo o pumbng fxu. On opng, h cnc my b ducd o 150mm povdd h h no mo hn 2m fom pon wh 400mm ub-foo cnc. Th foowng b bd on onb cc d n AS 4349.3 1998 Inpcon of budng: TABLE 1 REASONABLE ACCESS AREA ACCESS HOLE (mm) CRAWL SPACE (mm) ROOF INTERIOR 450 X 400 600 X 600 SUB-FLOOR 500 X 400 Vc Cnc Tmb Foo 400 Conc Foo - 500 Tm Pocon Opon Tm pocon mhod hv bn dcbd pvouy n Un 5 fo b-on-gound nd h mn nd b o ppcb o upndd foo, wh om ddon nd modfcon. Fuh d my b obnd fom AS 3660.1-1995 Pocon of Budng fom Subnn Tm.- P 1: Nw budng. Oh mpon ncud h foowng: Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 11

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Dng Th ub-foo bow upndd foo h b gdd nd dnd o pvn h pondng of w und budng. A pvng nd oh gound ufc bung xn w h gd wy fom h budng w unnng hough h ub-foo my d o ucu pobm, mb dcy nd o c ub nvonmn fo mb p cvy. Sucu M n Conc wh h Gound A ucu m n conc wh h gound o bow h m b mu b m n. Th my b povdd fo by ung h foowng m; mony-bck on conc nuy m n mb o pvv d mb. Pocng Po, Sump nd P A po nd ump, whch no m n, h nd on cooon n m uppo, m o po ho bck, wh mnmum cnc of 75mm bov h fnhd gound v. Anvy, hy my b pocd by m m hd (n cp), n mh (m o Tm-mh), gdd on (m o Gngd) o by ung chmc o b. Mony p nd mb ump uuy povdd wh phyc b uch m hd, o known n cp. Th cp do no pvn m fom png bu v n obc o b, whch hy mu by-p n od o ch h mb mmb. Th foc h m o v hmv by budng h chcc mud unn, o known mud g, on h oud of h p o nb hm o p ound h hd, whch ow hm o b mo y dcd dung vu p npcon. Hf n cppng An cp Tmb ump 100 x 75 B An cppng Bondd p My b conc, cuhd gn o n mh ock fd p AS3660.1 Po o coumn bck ud o po, ump o coumn. Fg. 13 Phyc b fo p nd ump Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 12 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Tm Shd Th houd compy wh AS 3660.1 by hvng no pfoon, b md fom ub m whch w fo h f of h ucu, whch dgnd o b mnmum of 50 y, nd b jond n n ppovd mnn. Sub m houd b mnmum of 0.5mm hck, un ohw pcfd, nd b md fom h foowng m: Gvnd ; Zncnn ; Sh copp; Sn ; Aumnum oy; Aoy of cop nd znc, o; Sn mh (povdd fomd nd jond p AS 3660.1) Jonng Tm Shd Jonng houd compy wh mhod d n AS 3660.1, whch ncud h foowng; Mchn pd x n nd n n c o n nd T h p d c h dp c pm yb pfomd by mchn png. Th fom fodd gu h nn con, whch m n h ydon qu o d ng, nd h x n c o n o d dow d don y ; M cu h un down poon mu b fuy odd, bzd o wdd; End jon wh cp bud o ppd jon n ngh, o chd o mchn pd con, hy mu b ock-md, wdd nd odd, vd nd odd o bu jond nd wdd; Ind ng wh h jon no n fu conc o ow dc odng o wdng, pfomd gu of h m m my b pcd ov h jon nd hn odd o wdd o h cppng. Hf connuou n cppng Fu connuou cppng Hf p-cppng D.P.C. DPC UNDER Fu p-cppng D.P.C. und cp. An cp Fg. 14 Jonng of m hdng Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 13

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Dmp-poof cou Th dmp-poof cou (DPC) povd phyc wpoof y o pvn mou ng o fng n mony w. I bu no mony w hgh bwn 150mm nd 850mm bov fnhd gound v bu bow h foo fmng. Th DPC mu b of dub, ppovd non-coov m, uch h foowng yp; Embod bck poyhn- h xud ufc ow h mo o gp h DPC o pvn wk pon o p zon; Bumnou-cod non-fou m h ncud Aumnum, copp nd znc cod o pvn chmc ck o gvnc con occung; Ld o oh ppovd m h m w vy popu nd ffcv, bu f no cod ucpb o oxdon nd bkng down. Vmn Poofng Gvnd bd-w (ppox. 12mm opnng) ud o pvn vmn cc up h cvy n bck vn conucon. Anm cfd vmn h hou mou, oof nd Nowgn. Th vmn w bu no h xn kn of bckwok, fodd co h cvy nd nd o h dg of h boom w p o my b pcd und dung w fm con. Th vmn w houd b covd wh od nwpp o m wh h bckwok bng d o pvn mo dg budng up on op of, whch coud d o w vng co h cvy o h mb fm. Th od nwpp movd nd h cv cnd po o h w nng bng fxd. Fc Bckwok Vmn poof mh Fg. 15 Pcmn of vmn w. Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 14 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING THE FLOOR SYSTEM Ap fom h conc b-on-gound, h foowng gound foo ym h mo commony ud n h dn nd commc ; Supndd mb foo; Supndd foo; Supndd conc b foo. SUSPENDED TIMBER FLOOR SYSTEM B Th h ow od-bng foo fm mmb pcd hozony on op of p, ump o po. Thy mu b of dub mb uch C 1, 2 o 3 hdwood, o ofwood uch Cyp pn, nd of uffcn gd o pn unuppod bwn p. Th vn z nd pcng d n AS 1684 1999 N o nt mb F m ng Cod whch povd b of h owb con z, gd nd mxmum pn fo vy of mb nd uon. Pcmn B houd b fd ccuy nd no pckd, bu h chckd ov ny hgh uppo o bng h op o h m v. Th chvd by ng wh h now pc on h oud, ngng n co bwn hm nd chckng ou h hgh nmd b ov uppo.b w h xc v p ngm yb c pp d ov uppo op v n h m fom fng up. Sw cu SPRING Sw cu BOW Fg. 16 Pcng nd cppng b Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 15

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Jonng nd Conncon of B Th d bow how how b my b cu, jond nd conncd ov p o uppo; 1. End Bu nd o b w nd ogh o o pvn pon; 2. End Bu nd Connco P - Th quck nd ffcv jon wh mxmum bng; 3. 45º Spyd Hdng ndqu bng fo on mmb nd h jon nd o p. No Rcommndd fo u. 4. Hvd Scf Sub wh bong down qud bu c houd b kn o nu dqu bng, hown by x. 5. 30º Spyd Hdng Povd dqu bng nd nng hn n nd bu; 6. Hf Lp Povd good bng nd ffcv nng bu bou nnv o poduc; 7. Bv/Bu Rcommndd fo mxmum bng, of cung nd good nng. Addon of n p woud nc ngh; 8. Lppd o Sggd convnn bu no ub ov now bng uppo. Fg. 17 Jonng nd fxng b Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 16 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Jo Th uppod by h b nd pcd hozony nd 90º o hm. Thy mu b of dub mb uch C 1, 2 o 3 hdwood, o ofwood uch Cyp pn, nd uffcn gd o pn unuppod bwn b. Thy nomy pcd 450 o 600mm cn nd h vn z d n AS 1684 1999 N ont mb F m ng Cod whch povd b of h owb con z, gd nd mxmum pn fo vy of mb nd uon. Pcmn Jo houd b fd ccuy nd no pckd, bu h chckd ov ny hgh uppo o bng h op o h m v. Th chvd by ng wh h now pc on h oud, ngng n co bwn hm nd chckng ou h hgh nmd jo ov hb.j o w h xc v p ngm yb c pp d ov b op v n h mf om fng up. Th wy wo jo unnng ong h oud o uppo h xn odbng w. If h foong pfom hng hn h wo jo my b nd up gn on noh, bu f h foong p ongu nd goov h houd b pc bwn hm o ow h nd jo o poud nd povd uppo fo h nd of h foong. Ony ng jo qud und od-bng w whn pfom foo ud. Fmng fo Opnng Wh h jo qu mmng o c n opnng ound fpc, ub-foo cc, fgh of, c. hn h foowng d houd b foowd o m h opnng: Soppd Houng Tmmng jo Tmmng jo Tmm Sub Fmng Ancho Bvd Soppd Houng TRIMMING JOINTS Fg. 18 Tmmng opnng bwn jo Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 17

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Jonng nd Conncon of Jo Th d bow how how b my b cu, jond nd conncd ov b: 1. End Bu nd o b w nd ogh o o pvn pon ov h b; 2. End Bu nd Connco P - Th quck nd ffcv jon nd duc h k of nd png; 3. Bv Bu Rcommndd fo mxmum bng. I ow fo nng hn h nd bu; 4. Lppd o Sggd Convnn bu no ub n om ocon w o gg h n of n fo pohd foo, whch dc fom h ppnc; 5. Hvd Scf No commndd fo jonng jo duc h ffcv dph of h jo cung wkn; 6. Th u h ducon n ffcv wdh; 7. 45º Spyd Hdng ndqu bng fo on mmb nd h jon nd o p. No Rcommndd fo u. 8. Th u h u of movmn n h pyd hdng jon howng why unub fo u. Fg. 19 Jonng nd fxng jo Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 18 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Pocdu fo Lyng B nd Jo STEP 1 Pp ub-foo nu foong o p nd xn w hv bn popy bck fd nd compcd o pvn w pondng ound hm. Rmov ny mb offcu, pp, bck, ubbh c. nd gd h who o h ow con o ow ny w, whch my n o dn wy. In om c n gcuu n my nd o b pcd o coc nd mov ub-o pg; STEP 2 Pp p - cn off h op of p o mov mo dg, whch mgh pfo h DPC o h v; STEP 3 F DPC - cu nd f DPC m o od p op, chd p op nd h op of h xn bck w. Enu og ngh ppd jon by 150mm mn. nd by h fu wdh nn nd xn con; STEP 4 F m hd ccodngy; STEP 5 Ly oud b - pc b n poon, un ohw pcfd un b h ong wy of h budng o oom, cng h now pc o un down boh oud. Sghn nd mpoy bc qud o pvn movmn dung h foo conucon poc; STEP 6 Ly nmd b - un ng n co boh nd nd on co h cn. Pc h nmd b n poon by chckng ou o hgh nd cppng qud by ghng ong h ngh bwn h ng n poon. Inmd p poon houd b pcd o ow fo odbng w. Ach o p qud fo hgh wnd n cgo, o pcfd; STEP 7 Ly oud doub jo c h now jo fo h oud, pc, cpp qud nd fx off; STEP 8 Ly doub jo fo nn w ou nd pc doub jo fo nn w, whch un p o jo, fo p ongu nd goov foong o pc ng jo und od-bng w whn h foong ud. No: Doub kw n jo o b nd nu b nd jo jon cuy fxd off. * Cn ou mb offcu dy o y h foong o nd w fm. - pc m hd p AS 3660.1 nd jon Tmb pc Fg. 20 Spcng doub jo nd kw nng Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 19

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION THE FLOORING Th wo yp of foong ym ud fo upndd mb fm foo foow; Sp foong; nd Pfom foong Sp Foong Sp foong md fom vy of mb n bod wh nomn wdh of 75, 100 nd 150mm. Th hckn of h bod dpnd on h pcng of h jo nd h pc of mb,.g. ofwood ud fo Mx. 450mm c/c jo h b no hn 18mm hck nd 15mm hck fo hdwood. Th uu mhod of jonng o un ongu ong on dg nd goov on h oh dg of vy bod o povd ockd foong ym wh jon pocon, vn f h bod hnk. Fg. 21 D of ypc ongu nd goov jon Mo y Aun cog,.. p-1900, hd pohd p foo conucd of hdwood mb, up o 150mm wd, uch onbk, upnn, owwood nd om oh mxd hdwood. Th bod vy ong nd dub nd n mny od cog hy n c nd vcb. Wh Bc pn (150mm wd), mpod fom Nohn Euop, w popu ofwood mb ud fo p foo n cog conucd ound h un of h Cnuy (1900) nd up o ound h 1940.I po h dupv yw bu h g h y u c p b o c kf om Funu b (Anobum puncum). Wh Cyp pn w commony ud nv o Bc pn nd my b n n m ny1950,60 nd70 c o g w hh g h ypo h d u f c.thbo d no m y 75 o 100mm wd nd h mb h h chcc of mny m nd mdum zd kno on h ufc. Cyp pn bng ud ody bu pohd hdwood foo hv com bck no fvou. Th pfd hdwood ud Buh box, Jh, Bch, Mounn h, Sydny bu gum, Spod gum nd mxd hdwood pc. No: Now bod b ud fo foong hy mnm hnkg nd cuppng. Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 20 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Fxng Foong houd b fxd wh wo n, co h wdh of h bod, ong ch uppong foo jo. Th n houd b dvn on gh ng o wh hodng nd pn h jo by ppoxmy 30mm fo cu fxng. Th hd houd b punchd 2mm bow h ufc, o ow nough dph fo fng wh puy po o pohng. No: To pvn png nd, h bod my b p-dd o h n my b dvn hd f no h mb o c m ndn nd o fn h n pon, hn und gh wy up nd dvn. Th ow h n o punch hough h hn pd h mb, whch woud u n png. Fg. 22 Mhod of ppon nd fxng Sc Nng Fd n ho nd o po h ufc ppnc of foong, pcy hdwood foong, hfo o mn h fu pcy md bod my b ud whch ow h nng ym o b concd n h ongu nd goov jon. Fg. 23 Sc nng mhod Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 21

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION End Jonng Bod Bod houd jon on jo wh h nd ghy undcu o ow fo gh ufc f. Anvy, nd mchd bod my b ud o jon bwn jo whch duc m w nd bou. Ony quy hdwood houd b ud fo nd mchng ofwood do no hv h qud ngh. End mchng Undcu jon Fg. 24 End mn o bod Fnhng gn W Bod no uuy un und w hy nd o hnk nd cnno b uccfuy pocd dung conucon, hfo hy d f h budng ockd up nd h nd mu b uppod on jo. Th foowng d how how h nd fuy uppod nd dd: No: End of bod houd b p-dd o hv h n punchd nd h pon bund o pvn nd png EXTERNAL WALLS Doub foo jo und xn w Doub foo jo und nn w INTERNAL WALL Fg. 25 Suppong h nd on jo Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 22 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Lyng nd Cmpng foong STEP 1 Sc h ong un of foong, co pob o h mdd of h budng, nd ng n hough h poon mkng u p o h oud w. Ly un of bod ong h n o povd ng poon nd o duc h ov cp by cmpng bod gn boh d o fnh gn oppo w. In m oom ccpb o fom on w nd cmp owd h oppo w. Fg. 26 Cmpng bod gn w n now oom STEP 2 Cu n nd y 4 un on ch d of h cn bod o fom gd pn o cmp gn. Ly ong, gh pc of hdwood ong h dg of h bod o ow fo vn cmpng nd o mnm h numb of cmp ud. No: I w o pc ong cfc bod, wh goov on on dg, gn h ongu of h bod bfo h hdwood cmpng pc pcd o pvn dmg o h ongu, ohw w b dffcu o f h nx un of bod o p o cuhd ongu. STEP 3 Connu yng nd cmpng bod n con of 6 o 8 (Mx.) ow of bod m. Th bod qu ony md nng h pon o hod hm n poon quck nd o do h buk of h nng h nd. I dvb o nd on h bod dung cmpng o pvn h bod pngng up. Lyng up o mxmum of 8 ow of bod w duc h k of h bod pngng xcvy. Whn jonng h bod ono jo n h h jon ggd, vn wo bod jond on h m jo n concuv ow w po h ppnc of h fnhd foo. I w b ncy o cu ho bod hough doowy o ow connuy no djonng oom. Th bod houd b chckd on gu b dung yng o nu hy p wh h oud w. Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 23

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION STEP 4 Fg. STEP 5 Whn bod fnh p o w dffcu o f buky foo cmp no h pc f o cmp h fw bod, hfo n nv mhod nd o b found. Th b opon o u ngh of mb v gn b o cmp bod co o h w o o u hvy ch dvn no h dg of h jo nd ud v. 27 Lvng bod n confnd pc Th h o fou bod houd b ooy fd wh h vy bod cbd o c gh f, hu owng h mnng bod o b pung no pc nd nd off. Fg. 28 Mhod of fng bod gn w Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 24 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Foo Fnhng Nng nd Punchng Onc h bod hv bn d nd py nd, w b ncy o go bck ov h foo o compy n nd punch off. Th my b cd ou n h foowng mnn; STEP 1 Lghy mk h n of n wh gh dg nd pnc, o chk-n. Th w povd gud n o nb h n o b kp n gh n fo n ov n ppnc. Thy my b nd by hnd o by ung n gun. No: If nng by hnd w mpc n fy g n cn png bck no you fc, f hy no h qu on, o m pc of d ho m my h off nd nd up n you y. I o good pcc o cn h hmm fc of d o n o pvn ppng on mpc wh h n hd. Mk gh n wh pnc Sgh Edg Jo Fg. 29 Lghy mk n fo n STEP 2 Whn nng by hnd, wok ong h gud n n con, h owd o wy fom youf, un h fu ngh of h nd ow comp. Rp h poc fo ow of n. STEP 3 Af nng comp, go bck ov h ow foowng h m qunc nd punch h n hd bow h ufc by 2mm. U g foong punch wh m hd bcom dffcu o hod m n punch fo poongd pod. Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 25

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Lg foong punch N punchd ppoxmy 2mm bow ufc Lgh pnc n Fg. 30 Punchng foong n STEP 4 Gv h foo gn wp o mov mb pc, oo n, xcv d nd g, c., hn ough nd h who foo ung dum yp foo nd wh co bv pp. Th nomy cd ou by pc foo ndng conco nd my b f n h f h foo o b cpd. If h foo o b pohd nd xpod, hn n ddon fn ndng opon w b qud. Pfom Foong STEP 5 Onc ndng comp, hooughy vcuum h foo nd hn f n hd ho, pu ny cck o p, wh ub puy f, whch my b cooud o mch h bod. If foo o b nd w hn fng houd foow h nng poc. Cn off ny du o mnng db nd ppy wo co of n po, poyuhn, wo pck n, c., ung o o woo pd ppco. Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 26 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Sh foong d co h jo, ov h who foo, unnng und nn nd xn w o fnh fuh wh h oud n of h jo. M ud fo h foo : Sucu gd pcbod wh ongu nd goovd ong dg, (mo commony ud); Pywood wh ongu nd goovd ong dg; Compd fb cmn h wh bu jon dg. Sucu Gd Pcbod Foong Th h, uch h common bnd known S uc f o, md fom gdd mb fk of vyng z pcd n y nd bondd wh mou n ynhc n. Th upp ufc o cod wh ddon n nd h dg wx d o povd ddon w nc dung conucon, howv h h no dgnd o b ud n pmnny mo condon. If h h f xpod o un nd n fo xndd pod of m hy w o bk down nd h dg w w. Sp c pu po h v b w h n dd d f ung c d nd/ o mcd n wh h my b hgh k of ck. No: Th ufc of won dg mu b ough ndd ong h jon po o cp bng d ohw h dg w how wh fuu cp w. Sh vb n vy of z, hckn nd ppcon, foow: 3600mm ong x 900mm wd x 19mm hck c ommon y known y ow ong u, ud fo gn u n dn conucon on foo jo pcd 450mm Mx. cn No: Th ongu md of movb cooud PVC p o dnfy h yp; 3600mm ong x 900mm wd x 22mm hck c ommon yknown d ong u,h h m ppcon yow ongu, bu fo jo pcd 600mm Mx. cn; 3600mm ong x 600mm wd x 25mm hck c ommon y known b u ong u, dgnd fo u n dn, commc, ndu nd nuon budng wh concnd foo od g. Thy w pn up o 600mm Mx. jo cn; Fg. 31 Sh foo you 3600mm ong x 1800mm wd x 19 nd 22mm hck - h hv qu dg nd dgnd fo pc ppcon. Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 27

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Exn W Sh d wh gn dcon of fc py gh ng o foo jo Inn W *Addon jo qud und od-bng w nd w o w oom. Jo quy pcd o u h ngh, hckn nd gd Fg. 32 D fo Pcbod nd Pywood h foo und w No: A h o b d wh nd jon ggd o dbu h od vny houghou h foo nd hy houd b fxd n ccodnc wh mnufcu pcfcon nd AS 1860 1998 I n onofp c bo df oo n g. A w non nd m mu compy wh h qumn ou n AS 3740 1994 W p oof ngofw w h n d n bu d n g. Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 28 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING ALTERNATIVE FLOOR SYSTEMS AND MATERIALS Th v von on h ndd bck p, b nd jo ym vb fo gound foo nd upp foo conucon. Th pn yp of p-c conc mmb ym vb, howv h mo convnon mhod ud h mo. Supndd Rnfocd Conc Supndd nfocd conc b ud n gound foo conucon nomy mp ng pn dgn. Th mn h mn nfocmn un co h ho wy of h b nd h b uppod mny on h wo ong d. Gny fou d uppod, h c whn b ud fo vndh, po, dck, bhoom/undy/o foo, c. Th b on p o dwf w nd n mo c w hv pmnn fomwok uc h c o ug d on h,m d c k h k Cond k, Bond k,o m p oduc. Th du o h md cc fo mov of fomwok hng. In mo c h nfocmn of qu o cngu wdmh, pcd 20mm fom h boom n pocd, n 100mm hck, 20MP conc b. Mn upp foo b uuy qu dgn by Sucu Engn nd hv mo compx fomwok ym. S mh nfocmn Mn 400mm Dp goov Sp jon nd (DPC) Sp jon nd (DPC) Pmnn m dck fomwok Cobd uppong bckwok Th vod mu b vnd o duc k of mb p cvy Fg. 33 Smp upndd nfocd conc vndh b Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 29

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION S Gound Foo Sym Th v yp of pn foo ym vb uch : Adjub p nd mbd ym; Pfbcd dd foo ym; S mbd dd foo ym, nd; Oh mbd ym (ong pn). An xmp of h yp h Qu k -F oo ym. Th ghwgh foong ym whch h bn dgnd n conomc nv o conc b-on-gound o upndd conc b. I con of ghwgh BHP mmb uppod by djub ho dppd gvnd p nd dgon bcng, wh qud. Nd nd Gud B Yok BHP Toppn Jo An-Cp o po Bck Vn Tcopc Suppo Po B Jo B Ho-Dppd Gvnd F Sndng Conc Ancho F g.34ty p c Qu k-f oo d Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 30 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Supndd Dp Jo Foo Fm Th ym mo commony ud fo wo oy conucon o oof convon cv, howv on py opng my b ncy o combn ndd gound foo conucon wh fom of upp foo conucon, uch ov gg, o oom, bmn, c. Th foowng d my b ppd o h uon; Sod Tmb Dp Jo Th ym con of dp cond ofwood (Rd pn o Ogon) o hdwood (mxd pc) jo whch hv ng o connuou pn. Th mb houd b ond o pvn xcv hnkg nd movmn, whch mk h vy xpnv ym. Th nd nd/o md pn my b uppod on po o p, mb w, bck ng kn w wh nggd p o on od 230mm bck w. No: Wh hy uppod on mb w fm o op p mu b mnmum of 70mm hck nd h ud mu b mnmum of 90mm wd, un ohw pcfd. Doub jo und xn w D 'A' Hngbon u Mn. 70mm hck op p Doub jo qud und xn w wh h w un p wh h jo nd h ngh of h jo mu b bockd, ung od mb bock 25mm m hn h jo dph, o mb hngbon ung. Th bock o u pcd Mx. 1800mm cn, wh h jo ngh xcd 3.0m, o pvn h jo fom wng o bowng nd dd ngh nd by, whn connuou bwn od uppo. Sod nd bockng o qud vy 3d by o 1800mm cn o pvn h nd fom wng. Doub op p nv D 'A' Fg. 35 Suppong dp jo Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 31

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Anv Dp jo Suppo Dp jo ym my o hv o n wh ndd b nd jo whn h op ngo h pdownf og g, o oom,c, c.a bbonb m yb ud n nv o od op p o doub op p. Th ow fo dp jo o b uppod by w fm ny hgh, whch w ow mzznn foo o b chd o ndd hgh fm whou hvng o -oc h w p. Dp jo Sod Sung W my b ocd h Wpho Pon Shnkg Pon Shnkg Pon Shnkg NOTE: Top p conucon woud duc pon hnkg Exng convnon foo ym FOR LARGE OPEN SPANS DPC DPC Wpho Wpoofng mmbn Indpndn foong nd b on gound AG pp o p dn o ub-o dng Fg. 36 Dp jo djonng convnon foo ym Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 32 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Hngbon Sung nd Sod Bockng Hngbon ung con of gh cond mb,.. 38 x 38 o 50 x 50mm, cod ov bwn jo. A pcc mhod of obnng h ngh nd bv of hngbon u on h job o un wo ng n, o np wo chk n, co h op of h jo. Th pc bwn h wo n houd b qu o h dph of h jo h qud cnc, hown on h kch bow. Ly h mb u co h jo bwn h n nd mk h bv boh nd on h undd of h u. Cu h u o ngh nd un w cu n h op dg o ow of nng nd pvnon of png. Sw cu fo nng Chk n Fg. 37 D of hngbon u ou Sod Bockng Sod bockng, o known o db dg ng, my b ud n nv o hngbon ung. I od mb whch fnh h wdh of h jo qud cnc nd pcd n-n o ggd Mx. 1800mm cn, wh h jo ngh xcd 3.0m. Dp jo Sod bockng 12 12 Cng nng Spc fo ccuon o hp pvn cuppng of h cng nng Fg. 38 Scon hough jo nd od bockng Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 33

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Spc Jo nd Bm Sym LVL (Lmnd Vn Lumb) bm, b nd jo ong, b nv o od mb fo h conucon of gound foo nd upp foo fm. Th mmb md n connuou ngh ung oy pd Rd pn vn, whch dd nd m n d og h und h ndp u.th y bond dbyty p A bondm ng d dhv o n. Th ung con m o pywood h vn un vcy hough h mmb fo h fu ngh. Thy no dub nough o b pcd n xn uon bu hy my b pu d w h L g ho g n cso v np v v nd h n p n d og v h m h qu d duby ng fo u on dck, pgo, bcon, c. Snc h mmb poducd ong hn mo od mb, m con z my b ud o qu h gd of much bgg con z od mb. Ao, h m vy b, ung n o no hnkg, nd conn con z mk n d fm fo foong. Fg. 39 Scon hough LVL HYB m noh yp of LVL compoon ud n nv o od mb dp foo jo. Thy hv LVL op nd boom fng pd by h py wb. Thy poducd n connuou ngh o pn up o 6.0m, whch my b uppod nd ony, hy vy ghwgh, vy b nd hv no hnkg. Agn, n d nv o hvy od mb foo jo fo g pn. F g.40sc on h ough HYBm Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 34 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING G u m bm md up of m con of mb mnd ogh n hozon pn o fom ong mmb wh hgh ngh. Th mnufcud bm ong hn od mb of compv z nd h no hnkg du o h u of ond mb. Thy vb n ofwood o hdwood nd my b f ough wn fo ncd ucu uon, o b dd, nd o c cod whn pcd n n xpod poon, uch bm uppong upp foo jo. Fg. 41 Scon hough ypc mnd bm Pywood Box-bm bcy hoow con md up of od mb, o LVL, op nd boom fng fcd wh h of py, ud o mk bm, coumn nd f. Thy ghwgh fo h z nd ngh nd hv bcom vy popu wh po fm conucon n mny commc/ndu ucu. Thy povd hgh ngh mmb, whch ghwgh nd vy v owng fo g fxby n h dgn of ucu. Fg. 42 Typc con hough boxd-bm Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 35

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION CALCULATION OF SUB-FLOOR MEMBERS BRICKWORK QUANTITIES Whn conucng ub-foo, my b ncy o ccu nd od h quny of bck fo p nd/o dwf w. Bck vb n wo mn fom,.. dy pd nd xudd, nd h mhod ud o ccu h qun of boh foow; Bck cngu n hp nd mnufcud fom bun h, cy o nd nd cmn. Sh o cy bck md n wo goup - onf of c wo kknown f c b c k nd h oh known c ommon, ud fo w whch o b ndd o fo p. Th uu mhod of buyng bck p hound. Th mumn of ndd mc bck : 230mm ong x 110mm wd x 76mm hck Bck d on h wd ufc, hu owng 230mm x 76mm d o how on h fc. Th hckn of h bddng, known b dj o n, 10mm (whn ± 2mm) mkng cou qu o 600mm. Th ppndcu jon, known p p, o 10mm (whn ± 2mm). To ccu h numb of bck, h fc of h w mud n qu m nd hn mupd by h numb of bck n on qu m. Th n vg of 50 bck p qu m fo w 110mm hck, ung ndd jon hckn. Mhod of Ccung h Numb of Bck Rqud Sp 1 Ccu h fc of h w n qu m L x H Sp 2 Mupy h u of (L x H) x 50/m² Th n w g v hnumb ofb c k qu df o on k n of bckwok. If h wo k n of bckwok, h nw w hv o b mupd by 2, hfo h numb of bck [(L x H) x 50] x 2 1 SKIN 2 SKINS 3 SKINS 110 110 50 110 350 270 Fg. 43 D of bck kn Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 36 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Exmp 1: Ccu h numb of bck qud o conuc w 7.0m ong x 1.0m hgh x 110mm hck; Fomu: [(L x H) x 50 ] x No. of kn [(7.0 x 1.0) x 50 ] x 1 1000 (7.0 x 50) x 1 350 x 1 70 11 To 350 bck 00 0 Fg. 44 Sng kn bck w Exmp 2: Ccu h numb of bck qud o conuc cvy bck w 8.0m ong x 1.5m hgh ; Fomu: [(L x H) x 50 ] x No. of kn [(8.0 x 1.5) x 50 ] x 2 1500 (12.0 x 50) x 2 600 x 2 To 1200 bck 00 80 27 0 Fg. 45 Cvy bck w Exmp 3: Ccu h numb of bck qud o conuc 25/ 230 x 230mm od bck p, 8 cou hgh ; Fomu: Bck p cou x Numb of cou hgh x Numb of p 8 Cou (2 x 8) x 25 16 x 25 To 400 bck 23 0 0 23 Fg. 46 Iod bck p Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 37

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Exmp 4: Ccu h numb of bck qud o conuc h 110mm dwf w, 110mm nggd p nd 230 x 230mm od p fo h cog hown n h kch. Th cog on v bock nd h hgh of h w nd p 688mm fom h foong o h undd of h b: Dwf W: ngh (wokng n-o-ov) Fomu: L x H x 50 x No. of kn 1.500 c. 2.700 2.700 d. 3.800-0.110 3.690. 6.000-0.110 5.890 f. 1.200 1.200 g. 2.700 2.700 3.990 h. 4.100-0.110 To ngh 27.560 2700 1500 b. 1.500 6000 3800 5.890-4100 0.110. 6.000 6000 Fg. 47 Pn of dwf w nd p (27.560 x 0.688) x 50 x 1 (18.960 x 50) x 1 948 x 1 948 bck Enggd p: Fomu: Hgh bck cou nd bd jon x No. of p (688 86) x 22 8 x 22 176 bck Iod p: Fomu: Hgh bck cou nd bd jon x bck p cou x No. of p (688 86) x 2 x 11 (8 x 2) x 11 16 x 11 176 bck To Bck 948 176 176 1300 bck Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 38 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING BEARER AND JOIST QUANTITIES B To ccu h numb nd ngh of b n oom o budng, h foowng nfomon qud: Lngh of h oom/budng; Wdh of h oom/budng; Spcng of mmb; nd. Sz of ndvdu oom, f b pd. Pocdu Dvd h wdh of h budng by h mxmum pcng of h b, whch my b up o 4.8m dpndng on h foo od, z nd gd of b nd pcfcon fo jo. Howv, h poon nd pcng of b my b pcfd nd h poon my o dpnd on whh h nn od-bng w o no. Onc h pcng dcdd h wdh dvdd by h pcng nd n ddon on (1) ddd o h nw o compn fo h ng b. No: If h wdh of h oom dvdd by h pcng do no gv who numb, hn mu b oundd up o h nx who numb. Thfo, h fomu fo h ccuon w b: Numb of B Wdh of oom/budng 1 Spcng of b 4.800 1.500 1 3.2 1 4 1 5 4800 Exmp 1: Ccu h numb nd ngh of b fo 1 oom mb fmd h whn h b un h ong wy of h h nd pcd mxmum cn of 1500mm. (B dcon) Lngh of b ngh of budng (odb ngh) 6.6m Od 5/ 6.6 6500 Fg. 48 Pn of 1 oom h Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 39

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Exmp 2: C c u hnumb nd ng hofb f o n L h p db c kv n c o g wh n h b un h ong wy of h oom nd pcd mxmum cn of 1800mm. A 1: 5.850 1.8 1 3.25 1 4 1 5 A 2: 3.630 1.8 0 2.02 0 3 No: Th no nd o dd n x b fo A 2 h dy bn cound n A 1 12 600 AREA 1 5850 (B dcon) Lngh of b ngh of budng (odb ngh) A 1 6.9, 5.7 Od 5/ 6.9, 8/ 5.7 AREA 2 No: 3630 A 2 5.7 No: Jond ngh houd b ggd ov uppo Dmnon h ov z of h oom 5600 F g.49p nof L hpdco g Co of B Fnd h o n ngh of m nd mupy by h p m,.g: Exmp 3 : Ccu h co of 100 x 75 hdwood b, bd on nw fo xmp 2, whn h co of 100 x 75 Hwd. $6.30/m To ngh (5 x 6.9) (8 x 5.7) 80.1 n. m 80.1 x $6.30 $504.63 Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 40 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Jo To ccu h numb nd ngh of jo n oom o budng, h foowng nfomon qud: Lngh of h oom/budng; Wdh of h oom/budng; Spcng of mmb, nd; Sz of ndvdu oom. Pocdu Dvd h ngh of h budng by h mxmum pcng of h jo, whch my b 450mm o 600mm dpndng on h foo od, foong yp nd hckn, z nd gd of h jo. Doub jo pcd und xn nd nn w unnng p wh hm, f p foong ud, nd ng jo und od-bng w f pfom foong ud. Onc h pcng dcdd h ngh of h budng, o ch oom, dvdd by h pcng nd n ddon on ddd o h nw o compn fo h ng b. Ao, ddon jo nd o b ddd wh doub jo occu. No: If h ngh of h oom dvdd by h pcng do no gv who numb, hn mu b oundd up o h nx who numb. Thfo, h fomu fo h ccuon w b: Numb of Jo ( Lngh of oom/budng 1) Aownc fo doub jo Spcng of jo 6.500 0.450 1 2 14.4 1 2 15 1 2 18 (jo dcon) 4800 Exmp 1: Ccu h numb nd ngh of jo fo 1 oom mb fmd h, whn h b un h ong wy of h h, whch pcd mxmum cn of 450mm. Lngh of jo wdh of budng (odb ngh) 4.8m Od 18/ 4.8 6500 Fg. 50 Pn of 1 oom h Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 41

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Exmp 2: C c u hnumb nd ng hofj o f o n L h p db c kv n c o g,wh n h b un h ong wy of h oom, whch pcd mxmum cn of 600mm. A 1: 5.600 0.600 1 2 9.3 1 2 10 1 2 13 12 600 1 11.67 0 1 12 0 1 13 No: Th no nd o dd n x jo fo A 2 h dy bn cound n A 1 AREA 2 AREA 1 9480 0 (jo dcon) (jo dcon) 7.000 0.600 3 630 5 850 A 2: Lngh of jo wdh of budng (odb ngh) A 1 6.0, 3.6 7000 5 600 A 2 6.0 No: Jond ngh houd b ggd ov uppo Od 26/ 6.0, 13/ 3.6 F g.51p nof L hpdco g Co of Jo Fnd h o n ngh of m nd mupy by h p m,.g.; Exmp 3 : Ccu h co of 100 x 50 hdwood jo, bd on nw fo xmp 2, whn h co of 100 x 50 Hwd. $3.50/m To ngh (26 x 6.0) (13 x 3.6) 202.8 n. m 202.8 x $3.50 $709.80 Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 42 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING FLOORING QUANTITIES Sp Foong To ccu h o n, ndom ngh of ongu nd goov foong n oom o budng, h foowng nfomon qud; Fomu (A of oom/budng x n m p m²) x Aownc fo w Lngh of h oom/budng; Wdh of h oom/budng; Effcv cov of ch bod Ln m n 1m² Aownc fo w. Pocdu Th f hng o fnd h n m of foong n 1m² whch ccud foow; Ln m 1m² ffcv cov ( chd h) Fg. 52 Effcv cov of ongu nd goovd foong 1.000 x 1.000 0.090 11.1 x 1.000 11.1 n m p m² Exmp 1: Ccu h n m of p foong fo 1 oom mb fmd h whn h bod hv n ffcv cov of 90mm nd n ownc of 10% w (6.400 x 4.600) x 11.1 29.44 x 11.1 326.784 x 1.10 4800 No: Dduc 100mm off ch d of oom o fnd nn dmnon. (ow fo w) 326.784 6500 359.462 y 360 n. m. Fg. 53 Pn of 1 oom h Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 43

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Exmp 2: C c u h n m of pf oo ngf o n L h p db c kv n c o g,wh n h bod hv n ffcv cov of 70mm nd n ownc fo w of 15%; Ln m 1m² ffcv cov 1.000 x 1.000 0.070 14.286 x 1.000 14.286 n m p m² A 1: (9.280 x 5.400) x 14.286 50.112 x 14.286 715.900 12 600 A 2: x 14.286 38.985 x 14.286 556.940 No: Dduc 100mm off ch d of oom o fnd n n dmn on. AREA 2 (715.900 556.940) x 1.15 1272.840 x 1.15 1463.766 y 1464 n. m. 3630 Aow fo w AREA 1 9480 (6.900 x 5.650) 5850 7000 5600 F g.54p nof L hpdco g Co of Sp Foong Mupy h o n ngh of m by h p m,.g.; Exmp 3 : Ccu h co of 100 x 25 Cyp pn ongu nd goovd foong, bd on nw fo xmp 2, whn h co of ond 100 x 25 foong $1.15/m To ngh 1464 n. m 1464 x $1.15 $1683.60 Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 44 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Pfom Foong To ccu h o numb of ucu pcbod nd pywood h fo h pfom foo n oom o budng, h foowng nfomon qud: Lngh of h oom/budng; Wdh of h oom/budng; Effcv cov of ch h n m² Aownc fo w. No: Pfom foong dgnd o p und w fm o h oud n of h xn w. Fomu (A of oom/budng of 1 h) Aownc fo w Pocdu Th f hng o fnd h m² n 1 h, 3600 x 900mm, whch ccud foow; Squ m ngh x wdh 3.600 x 0.900 3.240m² Exmp 1: Ccu h o numb of ucu pcbod foong h fo 1 oom mb fmd h whn ch h 3600 x 900 x 18mm hck wh n ownc of 5% w; (6.500 x 4.800) 3.240 31.200 3.240 9.629 x 1.05 (ow fo w) 9.629 No: Sh un und h w o h oud fc. 4800 10.110 y 11 h 6500 Fg. 55 Pn of 1 oom h Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 45

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Exmp 2: C c u h o numb of uc u p y wood h f o n L h p db c kv n c o g, whn h h 2.400 x 1.200mm wd, wh n ownc fo w of 5%: Squ m ngh x wdh 2.400 x 1.200 2.880m² ( p h) A 1: (9.480 x 5.600) 2.880 ( p h) 53.088 (m2) 2.880 18.433 (h) 12 600 No: (7.000 x 5.850) 2.880 40.950(m2) 2.880 14.219 (h) Sh un und h w o h oud fc AREA 2 (18.433 14.219) x 1.05 32.652 x 1.05 3 630 (ow fo w - 5%) 7000 AREA 2 9 480 5 850 A 2: 5 600 34.285 y 35 h. F g.56p nof L hpdco g Co of Sh Foong Mupy h o numb of h by h p h,.g: Exmp 3 : Ccu h co of 3600 x 900 x 18mm foong h, bd on nw fo xmp 2, whn h co of ch h $35.00 To numb of h 35 35 x $35.00 $1225.00 Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 46 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING GLOSSARY OF TERMS Achv - Th m f o h mb moudng pcd ound h oud of doo o wndow o fnh h jmb nng o h w. Bd-w - Th gvnd w mh wh m hxgony hpd opnng of ppox. 12mm dm. I my b ud on bd cg o phyc b whn pcd n bck vn cvy o c vmn poofng. Bcko - Th dnm ud o dcb h nfocng w, m o bd-w, pcd n bckwok o povd n ngh on h bd jon. Choophy - Th h gn cooud m found n h v of pn whch fom p of bochmc poc o nfom ug nd ch no food fo h pn. Combnd w - Th w ppd whn h c w of mb whch nd o b dd ou owy dung h onng poc, o ppox. 12% mo u c on n ok p h mb v,wh c hp v n c o p. Common - Th dy-pd o xudd bck ud fo uon wh ppnc no mpon,.. p, ndd w, oof f w, c. Conf - Th m ppd o ofwood, whch b con o poduc d. Mo pn nd f fd o conf. Cppng mb - Th poc whch nvov h cung, wdgng o cng of mb fmng o mk gh, wh png occu. Cuppng - Th cud whn h ong gowh ng on h nd of mb pc, whch hv bn bck wn, hnk mo hn h ho on. Th u n h fc of h mb bcomng concvd o hoow. Duby - Th h mb nu nc o dcy nd h ffc of wh. Dwf w - Th ow 110mm bck w wh chd p, o uppo b, whch d up o foo v on om mb fm cog. Effocnc - Th pp wh mk on h fc of mony wh DPC no pn. Th w dw h gound up hough h w nd d wh powd. End-mchng - Th poc of jonng p foong on h nd, ung ongu nd goov jon ym, o duc wg by owng jon bwn jo uppo. Excv - Th fom m pcng of compound found n mb p fom cuo nd gnn. Thy my b o, wx, gum, n o ch. Fc bck - Th dy-pd o xudd bck whch ud wh h ppnc of h bck cc, uch xn w, fu Fgu - Th dcb h onmn mkng n on h dd fc of mb cud by gowh ng, mduy y o dcon of h gn. Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 47

GROUND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION F w - Th h xc w ppd whn h c of mb, bfo onng, whch movd dung h onng poc. Fungcd - Th chmc mn whch ppd o mb o bu no mb poduc o k fung. Gu - Th gny cp pc of mb d und mb ck o hm off h gound. Gn mb - Th m ppd o fhy cu mb o mb whch h hgh popoon of f w ppd n h c. Lgnn - Th h m n mb whch bond h cuo nd oh m og h,g v ng mb ng h ndh dn. Lnd on-h-k - Th m ud o dcb h cng nng of pchd oof whch fxd o h undd of h f. Th no cc o h oof ucu h no oof pc fomd. Mud g - Th cc ub md of h nd m fc, whch ud by m o v fom h n o fdng whou xpong hmv o h moph. Th g o kp h humdy o nu h m do no dcc (dy ou). Poyhyn - A pc m whch ough, fxb, wpoof, nd chmc w. Thy hv poo duby qu whch my d o hm bkng down whn xpod o h wh. Exmp : mou b und b, Dmp Poof Cou, pp nd cc nuon. Pgo - Th n opn oofd mb fm ov ph, po, pvd, c., whch uuy chd o w. I conucd o povd fm fo cmbng pn nd vn, whch povd hd n h umm. A m f-ndng ucu known pgod. Pp - Th h common bbvon fo ppnd jon n mony wok, whch h vc o ppndcu jon bwn bck o bock. Phooynh - Th h food mkng poc whch k pc n h v of pn ung h un, w, mn nd choophy. Rgn - Th h poc of -gowh of pn f oggng o f dvon of buhnd du o f. Sod bdgng - Th od mb mm pcd bwn dp jo o pvn bowng nd wng. Ao fd o od ung. Sggd - Th f o h pcmn of od bdgng, noggng, mm, c. by offng vy pc fom h pvou on, whn pcd n ow. Tmcd - Th bong o ng chmc, ognophoph nd pyhod, dgnd o m cvy. Th m y mn o k m. Wokby - Th f o h by of mb o b wokd wh hnd o pow oo. I my dpnd on h dny, gn ucu o dfc connd n h mb. FURTHER READING Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW 48 Thd Edon 2004

CARPENTRY - HOUSING Aun Sndd Comm, Rpnd 1998, AS 3660.1 1995 Pocon of budng fom ubnn m, Sndd Aocon of Au Hombuh, Sydny. Aun Sndd Comm, 1998, AS 4349.3-1998 Inpcon of budng P 3: Tmb p npcon, Sndd Aocon of Au Hombuh, Sydny. Boo, K. R., 1983, Wood n Au, Foy Common of NSW, Au. Hdngon, P., nd Judh Johnon, 1988, Aun T, h c nd p, NSW Unvy P, Knngon, NSW, Au. Hdngon, P., nd John Goz, 1995, Ubn P Cono n Au, NSW Unvy P, Knngon, NSW, Au. Sn, A., Rpnd 1988, Th Aun Own Bud Mnu, Pnd P, Cound, Qd. Tch of Budng, 1996 Rpnd 1997, 1998, Scond don 1999, Bc Budng nd Conucon Sk, Addon Wy Longmn Au Py Ld, Souh Mboun. Wd-Hvy K., 1984, Fundmn Budng M, Skog Py Ld, Momn NSW. VIDEOS Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon, Sub-foo Conucon (CTV20) vb fom Rouc Dbuon, Ygoon Conucon nd Tnpo Dvon TAFE NSW Thd Edon 2004 49