Department of Nursing, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan!! President, The International Confederation of Midwives

Japan Academy of Midwifery, Tokyo, Japan Japanese Nursing Association, Tokyo, Japan Department of Nursing, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan!! President, The International Confederation of Midwives Japanese Midwives Association, Tokyo, Japan Former Member of the House of Councillors, Japan; Former Minister of Justice, Japan; Former Minister of State for Youth Affairs and Measures for Declining Birthrate, Japan; President, Public Interest Corporate Foundation, Federation of National Volunteer Interviewers Committee, Tokyo, Japan; Representative, International Reproductive Health Foundation, Japan

Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kanagawa, Japan Japan Council for Quality Health Care, Tokyo, Japan; Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan Japanese Nursing Association, Tokyo, Japan Chairman for Obstetric Compensation System Relapse Prevention Committee, Japan TOKYO ADVENTIST HOSPITAL, Japan TOYO FEATHER INDUSTRY CO., LTD., Japan Department of Nursing Science Graduate School of Interdiscipnary Research, University of Yamanashi, Japan!! Ayumi Midwifery Clinic, Japan; Ayumi Acupuncture and Moxibustion Clinic; Department of Health Sciences, National University Corporation of Tsukuba University of Technology

Ayumi Midwifery Clinic, Japan; Ayumi Acupuncture and Moxibustion Clinic; Department of Health Sciences, National University Corporation of Tsukuba University of Technology Hokkaido University Hospital, Japan School of Nursing, Kanagawa Dental University, Japan JCL Bioassay Inc., Japan Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Japan Nursing Department, Kanazawa University Hospital, Japan Master Course of Nursing, Kochi Medical School, Japan Synthetic Human Natural Science Research for Nursing, Kochi University Graduate School, Japan; Kochi Red Cross Hospital Nagasaki Women s Junior College, Japan

Reproductive Health Nursing Graduate School of Healthcare Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Japan Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan Master Course of Nursing, Kochi Medical School, Japan Showa University Course of Nursing, Japan Master Course of Nursing, Kochi Medical School, Japan Faculty of Nursing, St. Mary s College, Japan Kagoshima University Medical and Dental Hospital, Japan Perinatal Medical Center, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Japan Kume Obstetrics & Gynecology Clinic, Japan

Nursing Department, Aiiku Hospital, Japan Faculty of Healthcare, Department of Midwifery, Tokyo Healthcare University Graduate School, Japan Department of Nursing School of Health Sciences, Tokai University, Japan St. Luke s International University, Japan Doctoral Degree Course in Health Medical Care Study, International Medical Welfare University, Japan! Perinatal Medical Center, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children s Hospital, Japan Kamiya Mother and Child s Clinic, Japan Faculty of Nursing, Kyoto Tachibana University, Japan Kagoshima Midwives Association, Japan

College of Nursing Art & Science, University of Hyogo, Japan Faculty of Nursing, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Japan Perinatal Intensive Care Center, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Japan NICU, Mie University Hospital, Japan Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki!Siebold, Japan! Nursing, Seisen University, Japan Nagasaki University Graduate School of International Health Development, Japan Kobe City College of Nursing, Japan! Nursing Department, Inage Birth & Women s Clinic, Japan

Midwifery and Maternal Newborn Nursing, Division of Nursing Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nursing, Kobe University, Japan Management Sciences, National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, India! EMAS Project, JHPIEGO, Indonesia Faculty of Healthcare, Department of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University Postgraduate School, Japan St. Luke s International University, Japan School of Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan! Mie University, Japan! Midwife, The Government Hospital of Bengkayang, Indonesia

! α! Yogyakarta Academy of Midwifery, Indonesia Academy of Midwifery, Indonesia National College of Nursing, Japan Midwifery & Maternal Nursing, Japan Daiei Co., Ltd., Japan Kobe City College of Nursing, Japan Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia Management Sciences, National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, India Midwifery, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand New Zealand College of Midwives, New Zealand High Education, Yogyakarta Midwifery Academy, Indonesia

Fukuoka Prefectural University, Japan! St. Luke s International University, Japan Australian College of Midwives, Australia; Cranaplus!Council of Remote Area Nurses Australia Plus School of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Pakistan School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Southern Queensland, Australia Division of Comprehensive Development Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan University of Auckland, New Zealand School of Nursing, Yale University, USA Sexual and Reproductive Health, UNFPA, Bangladesh

Health Science Department, Jagiellonian University, Poland Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Sydney University, Australia Kanazawa University, Japan Nursing, RMIT University, Australia Nursing (Midwifery), Tokyo Metropolitan Univesity, Japan New Zealand College of Midwives, New Zealand School of Healthcare University of Leeds, United Kingdom Department of Midwifery and Women s Health, School of Health Sciences and Nursing, The University of Tokyo, Japan Midwifery Academy of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

! Department of Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan Bachelor Midwifery, Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia Department of Nursing, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan Division of Health Policy Development and Research, Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan Medical Unit Sydney, Medecins Sans Frontieres, Australia Maternal Nursing, Tohoku University School of Health Sciences, Japan Maternal Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan Women s Health Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan!! Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing, Hokkaido, Japan

St. Luke s International University, Japan " "" Department of Midwifery and Women s Health, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Japan Oketani Lactation Management and Research General Corporation, Japan National College of Nursing, Japan Health Sciences, Kobe University, Japan Tokyo Healthcare University, Japan Malabar Community Midwifery Link Service, Royal Hospital for Women, Australia Malabar Community Midwifery Link Service, Royal Hospital for Women, Australia! " Department of Sociology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan Midwifery Association of Pakistan, Pakistan

Department of Nursing, Japanese Red Cross Toyota College of Nursing, Japan School of Nursing, University of The Western Cape, South Africa Maternity Ward, Tokyo!Kita Medical Center, Japan Centre for Midwifery, Child and Family Health, University of Technology Sydney, Australia Shin Kong Wu Ho!Su Memorial Hospital, Taiwan! Ibi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Ikatan Bidan Indonesia Yogyakarta (Idonesian Midwifery Association (Yogyakarta)), Indonesia Midwifery, Medical Faculty Brawijaya University, Indonesia St. Luke s International Hospital, Japan Kanazawa University, Japan Midwives Division, Kagoshima Nursing Association, Japan

Obstetric Department, Keio University Hospital, Japan Obstetric Department, Keio University Hospital, Japan Ehime Prefectural University of Healh Sciences, Japan Graduate Course of Midwifery, Teikyo University, Japan! Perinatal Center, Kurashiki Medical Center, Japan!! 3A Ward, Kanagawa Prefectural Ashigarakami Hospital, Japan Japanese Midwives Association, Japan! Morita Maternity Home, Japan Nursing Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Japan; Perinatal Intensive Care Center Healthcare MBA Program of International University of Health and Welfare Graduate!School, Japan

Tochigi Nursing Association, Japan The Graduate School, Department of Midwifery, Japan Red Cross Akita College of Nursing, Japan Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health, World Health Organisation, Switzerland! Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health, World Health Organisation, Switzerland Health Workforce, World Health Organisation, Switzerland Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health, World Health Organisation, Switzerland The director, Kyorin University Hospital, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chairman and Professor, Japan Frost Professor, Department of Leadership and Professional Studies, College of Education, Florida International University; Adjunct Research Professor, Touch Research Institute, University of Miami, Medical School; Miami, FL, USA

Associate Chief Physician, Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children s Hospital, Capital Medical University, China Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science Technology, Bunkyo Gakuin University, Tokyo, Japan; Association for Antenatal and Postnatal Care Promotion Kanto Gakuin University School of Nursing, Kanagawa, Japan! Musashino University!affiliated Sakurashinmachi Postpartum Care Center, Tokyo, Japan Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan International Health Care and Midwifery, Graduate School of Nursing, Japanese Red Cross College of Nursing, Tokyo, Japan National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan Department of Advanced Nursing Technology, Social Cooperation Program, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

! St. Luke s Birth Clinic, Tokyo, Japan

Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan College of Nursing Art & Science, University of Hyogo, Japan Japan Maternity Fitness Association, Japan School of Health Sciences, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Kagoshima University Graduate School, Japan Nagasaki University School of Health Sciences, Japan Nagasaki University School of Health Sciences, Japan! Obstetrics & Gynecology Chikushi Clinic, Japan Department of Nursing, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Japan Musashino University, Japan Department of Nursing, Fukuoka Jo Gakuin Nursing College, Japan

Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Japan Motherly Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Japan! Department of Nursing, Fukuoka Jo Gakuin Nursing College, Japan! Department of Nursing, Fukuoka Jo Gakuin Nursing College, Japan Nursing Department, Local Incorporated Administrative Agency Omuta City Hospital, Japan Bunkyo Gakuin University, Japan! Perinatal Care Center, Kameda General Hospital, Japan! Kamiya Mama and Baby s Clinic, Japan! International Catholic Hospital, Japan Nursing Department, Matsue City Hospital, Japan; Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University! Tokyo Healthcare University, Japan Nagasaki University, Japan

Niigata City General Hospital, Japan Micu, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Japan! University of Fukui, Japan Private!Practice Midwife, Japan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Japan Midwifery, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Japan Ikezoe Midwifery Home, Japan Graduate School, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Japan Gunma University Hospital, Japan! Doctoral Program in Midwifery, St. Luke s International University, Graduate School, Japan! Shonan!Fujisawa Tokusyukai Hospital, Japan Nursing, Akita University Nursing and Welfare, Japan

Maternal Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Education, University of Toyama, Japan Nursing Part, Hori Hospital, Japan Tomoko Midwife s Home, Japan Meio University, Japan Oita University Medical School Nursing Department, Japan Maternal Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Education, University of Toyama, Japan School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Maternal Infant Nursing!Midwifery, Okinawa Prefectural College of Nursing, Japan NHO Osaka Minami Medical Center, Japan Faculty of Nursing, Osaka Medical College, Japan!! Department of Health Promotion Policy, Japanese Nursing Association, Japan Osan Center, Osaka Pref. Saiseikai Tondabayashi Hospital, Japan

Division of Human Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan Graduate School of Nursing, Nagoya City University, Japan School of Health Science, Bukkyo University, Japan! Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Japan Obstetrics and Gynecology Department Ward, Okinawa Red Cross Hospital, Japan Takatsuki General Hospital, Japan! Nursing School, National Defense Medical College, Japan Doctoral Course, Department of Nursing Science, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan Hope & Wish for Children With Life!Threatening Illness and Their Families (Non!Profit Organization), Japan Hiroshima International University, Japan! Maternal & Child Health Nursing, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Japan

Division of Nursing, National Defense Medical College, Japan Yokohama City University, Japan International University of Health Welfare Graduate School, Japan Faculty of Nursing, Kansai University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Japan Delivery Room, Takeda General Hospital, Japan!! Fukuoka Prefectural University, Japan! Midwifery, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Japan Nursing Management, Kumamoto City Hospital, Japan! Health Sciences Master Course, Nagasaki University Graduate School, Japan Tottori University, Japan School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Japan! Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Japan

!! Department of Nursing, Tokyo Women s Medical University Medical Center East, Japan Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Japan NICU, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Japan! Faculty of Medicine School of Nursing, Fukuoka University, Japan Division of Human Health Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan Midwifery Division, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Japan Department of Health Promotion Policy, Japanese Nursing Association, Japan Otsu Municipal Hospital, Japan Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Japan Japanese Midwives Association, Japan Japanese Midwives Association, Japan

Japanese Midwives Association, Japan Kagawa Nursing Association, Japan Faculty of Human Nursing, University of Shiga Prefecture, Japan Midwives Occupation Committee, Nursing Society of Hirosima, Japan Kenmin Health Plaza Kanoya Medical Center, Japan Perinatal Care Center, Kyorin University Hospital, Japan Center for Matermal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Japan Perinatal Medical Center, Tohoku University, Japan Kagoshima City Hospital, Japan NHO Ibusuki Medical Center, Japan

Out!Patient, Kyorin University Hospital, Japan Kagoshima City Hospital, Japan Department of Nursing, Tokyo Women s Medical University, Japan Special Course of Midwifery, Kiryu University, Japan Special Course of Midwifery, Kiryu University, Japan Special Course of Midwifery, Kiryu University, Japan Kochi University Research and Education Faculty, Japan Sociology, Toyo University Graduate School of Sociology, Doctoral Sociology Course, Japan Faculty of Medicine School of Nursing, Yamagata University, Japan School of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University School of Nursing and Midwifery, Pakistan Nursing, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences, Japan

Graduate Course of Nursing Science, Kanazawa University, Japan!! Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan! Nursing Department, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Obstetrics & Gynecology Chikushi Clinic, Japan Chugoku Central Hospital of The Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, Japan Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan! Teikyo University, Japan Nihon University Medical University School of Nursing, Japan! Niigata University, Japan Department of Nursing, Kyoto Koka Women s University, Japan! Nursing Science, Fukui Prefectural University, Japan! Out Patient Department Head Nurse, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan

Kansai University of Social Welfare, Japan Graduate School of Nursing, Nara Medical University, Japan University of Yamanashi Hospital, Japan! Department of Nursing and Medical Care, Facutlty of Health Science, Kio University, Japan; Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Junshin University, Japan Nursing, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Japan Jichi Medical University, School of Nursing, Japan Graduate Course of Midwifery, Seirei Christopher University, Japan University of The Ryukyus, Japan Bunkyo Gakuin University, Japan Nursing, Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Japan; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniaya

Faculty of Medicine School of Health Science, University of The Ryukyus, Japan Nursing, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taiwan Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Japan! Reproductive Health Nursing, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan Nursing, Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Japan; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniaya Nursing, The University of Shimane Faculty of Nursing, Japan; Shimane University, Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Nursing, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Japan! The University of Tokyo, Japan Midwifery and Women s Health, The University of Tokyo, Japan

"! Saga University, Institute of Nursing, Japan Faculty of Medicine, Division of Nursing, Hiroshima University, Japan Doctral Program, St. Luke s International University, Japan Kobe City College of Nursing, Japan Sasebo City General Hospital, Japan Nursing Department, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan Faculty of Nursing, Toho University, Japan Graduate Program in Midwifery, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Japan Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Japan Kansai University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Japan Kagoshima University, Japan Faculty of Nursing, Toho University, Japan

Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Japan Graduate School Department of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Japan! Maternal & Child Health Nursing, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Japan Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Japan Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Japan Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan! Women s Health Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan! St. Luke s Birth Clinic, Japan The Doctoral Program, In Human Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan St. Luke s International Hospital, Japan Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyusyu University, Japan Setsunan University, Japan

Mitaki General Hospital, Japan Clinical Nursing Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania Department of Maternity Nursing, Nara Medical University, Japan Center for Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Japan Yogyakarta Midwifery Akademi, Indonesia Midwifery Organitation, Indonesia Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Health Sciences Master Course, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan Faculty of Medicine School of Health Sciences, University of The Ryukyus, Japan!!!! Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, Keio University, Japan School of Nursing, Nagoya City University, Japan School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Japan! Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan

School of Nursing, Kitasato University, Japan The Doctoral Program Majoring in Human Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan!! Kagoshima Prefecture Midwives Association, Japan! Sociology, Toyo University Graduate School of Sociology, Doctoral Sociology Course, Japan! Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan Graduate School of Health and Welfare, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School, Japan Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan The University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan Tokyo Medical University School of Nursing, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School Maternity Ward, Tenshi Hospital, Japan

The Former Midwifery Practice Course, University of Tokushima, Japan Yamamoto Birth Center, Japan Graduate Course of Nursing Science, Kanazawa University, Japan Graduate Course of Nursing Science, Kanazawa University, Japan Graduate Course of Nursing Science, Kanazawa University, Japan! Kobe City College of Nursing, Japan Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan RCM, NHS and Middlessex University (MDX), United Kingdom Reproductive Health Nursing!Midwifery, Graduate School of Nursing, Nagoya City University, Japan Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tao"Yuan General Hospital, Taiwan Toho University Omori Medical Center, Japan

Nursing Department, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Japan Mie Prefectural College of Nursing, Japan Faculty of Health, Muhammadiyah University of Tangerang, Indonesia Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Japan Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tsukuba International University, Japan Nagasaki University, Japan Aijinkai Social Medical Corporation, Chibune General Hospital, Japan! Graduate School Medical Science, Saga University, Japan Tokyo Medical University, Japan Tokyo Medical University, Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, Japan

Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, Japan Kyoto Tachibana University, Japan School of Nursing, Jichi Medical University, Japan Midwifery, Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia! Japan Self Defense Forces Central Hospital, Japan Japan Self Defense Forces Central Hospital, Japan Japan Self Defense Forces Central Hospital, Japan Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taiwan Nursing, Takarazuka University, Japan! School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of The Ryukyus, Japan Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Japan

Japan University of Health Sciences, Japan Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Japan Kansai University of International Studies, Japan Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Japan Department of Nursing Science, Fukui Prefectural University, Japan Bachelor of Midwifery, Medical Faculty, Airlangga University, Indonesia