Research on Information Technology in Agribusiness and the Environment LAA - USP

Research on Information Technology in Agribusiness and the Environment LAA - USP Antonio Mauro Saraiva- professor Universidade de São Paulo - Escola Politécnica

LAA research group R&D in IT applied to agribusiness and environment Created in 1989 People Faculty 5 Students - 30+ Staff - 3 Projects Partners & Funding in Brazil & abroad Partners in application areas: transdisciplinary projects 2

Environment - BioComp BioComp Research Center on Biodiversity and Computing Transdisciplinary group: School of Engineering Math and Statistics Institute Biosciences Institute Faculty of Sciences at Ribeirao Preto School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities Many partners outside USP and Brazil Team: 40+ researchers (faculty) Linked to the Research Provost of USP 3

BioComp Subprojects - themes Sensor networks applied to agrobiodiversity Biological and computational study and characterization of biological shape, behavior and communication Modeling, analysis and decision support in biodiversity Species identification and biological interactions: molecular and morphological approaches Diversification, biogeography, and conservation of the neotropical biota: an integrative approach 4

Rationale Brazil's wealth derives largely from its agribusiness and environment

Rationale Agribusiness Globally and locally important: Food & fiber Renewable energy Major component of Brazil's GDP Competitive Impacts society, economy, environment

Rationale Environment Globally and locally important Global climate change & Amazon forest (e.g.) Ecosystem services provided by the environment Heritage Major source of future goods Impacts society, economy (& agribusiness)

Challenges & opportunities Agribusiness and Environment Complex processes Multivariable Multiscale Non-linear Distributed High demand for ICT

Challenges & opportunities Decision support systems Systems and processes modeling Interoperability of distributed systems Instrumentation and control Ubiquitous systems Networks embedded in machinery Wireless sensor networks RFId PDAs 9

Agribusiness Embedded Electronics in agricultural machines ISOBUS ISO 11783 data network in agricultural machines Wireless sensor networks Greenhouse control Traceability of agricultural produce Wine, cotton Information systems Precision agriculture Wine, Orange, Fish farms Data mining 10

Environment Global change Open Top Chamber control Modeling of CO 2 intake by native trees Biodiversity data networks and tools IABIN Pollinators Thematic Network Digitization and Repatriation of biodiversity data Kew, Paris and Rio de Janeiro Botanic Garden Biological species distribution modeling tools and study cases 11

Environment RFId and wireless sensor networks Inventorying, monitoring of biodiversity/environment Image analysis Bee classification based on wing venation patterns Instrumentation systems for research on animal behavior Audio, video, microclimate 12

Projects

Biodiversity data networks: IABIN PTN Data repatriation

IABIN - PTN InterAmerican Biodiversity Information Network Pollinators Thematic Network

Pollinators Information Network of the Americas Consortium Pollinator Partnership (US) Universidade de Sao Paulo oratory Smithsonian Institution (US) National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) / USGS Funding: OAS / WorldBank / GEF Partner Institutions (data providers) from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru,

Architecture

Pollinators of the Americas Project Data Contribution 5 November 2006 ~90,000 specimens & Observations (Source: L. Speers, GBIF) 18 August 2009 281,037 specimens & observations (Source: IABIN PTN Portal)

Modeling and Decision Support in Biodiversity The openmodeller project

Species distribution modelling Main goal: scenarios for Biodiversity management: Strategies for preservation or sustainable use Effect of global warming Biodiversity extinction risk Possible occurrence of economically important species Invasive species distribution and risk Open source project: sourceforge CRIA, USP, INPE, U. Kansas, U. Reading Algorithms for modelling, pre&post processing, visualization,

Ecological niche modelling cycle Occurrence points Pi = (lat, long) Niche points: environmental variables Algorithm Niche model: occurrence probability function + Temperature Prob = F(x 1,,x N ) Temperature Precipitation Precipitation Niche model Temperature + Environmental layers @ target area Model Projection Potential distribution map Precipitation Adapted from Mauro Muñoz

Pollinator Modelling & Global Changes Melipona bicolor bicolor M. bicolor bicolor- Tom Wenseleers current 2050 2080 Probability High Agricultural Automation LowLab Probability High Low Probability High Low

Adaptado de CASE IH Precision Agriculture: cycle Data Acquisition GPS Harvest: productivity Soil samples... Analysis seeds fertilizers, limestone, agrochemicals Maps, Applications maps: variability space-time Variable rate application Interpretation Modeling Recommendations Information Management 23

ISOBUS embedded communication network Office Adap. from Nissen (2008) Presented by W. William Rudolph., in Workshop ISOBUS Brasil in 2007 24

A Spatial Data Infrastructure for Biodiversity and Precision Agriculture facilitate and coordinate the exchange and sharing of geospatial data Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standardized interfaces Easy composition of different sources of information Static (through Enterprise Service Bus - ESB) Dynamic (through Web Processing Service - WPS) Process Composition Sensor Web Networks providing a near-real-time acquisition of data; Use of a Business Process Driven SOA (BPEL, BPMN, Workflows); Integration with Legacy Application Systems

Reference Architecture

Agribusiness: Traceability Forest Wood traceability: Objective: To propose an architecture for distributed information systems, open and service-oriented Participants: ESALQ / USP and LAA / USP. 27

Data Warehouse for production chain analysis of Brazilian Agribusiness Soybeand and corn Market data (production, market, indexes) Partner CEPEA Center for Advanced Studies and Research in Applied Economics Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz 28

Results 2.80 2.60 Soybean 2.40 2.20 2.00 1.80 1.60 1.40 1.20 1.00 9/2/2008 10/2/2008 11/2/2008 12/2/2008 1/2/2007 2/2/2007 3/2/2007 4/2/2007 5/2/2007 6/2/2007 7/2/2007 8/2/2007 9/2/2007 10/2/2007 11/2/2007 12/2/2007 1/2/2008 2/2/2008 3/2/2008 4/2/2008 5/2/2008 6/2/2008 7/2/2008 8/2/2008 Relation Corn Norte Parana Passo Fundo Rio Verde 29

Open top chamber weblab Open Top Chamber (OTC) Research tool to assess the effects of gases to the vegetation. Experiments with normal and enriched CO2 atmosphere Response of Plants Potential of the plant to absorb carbon Kyoto Protocol Weblab Remote access to monitoring/control CO 2 reservoir 30

Virtual network center of ecosystem services Bee Hive Monitoring System 31

BBB: Real Time Video Streaming Real time video and sound captured on the beehive 32

Audio monitoring and analysis Audio acquisition inside the bee colony Bees communication x other conditions environment, food availability Patterns, spectra, levels 33

Monitoring animal behavior with RFId and WSSN Bees Foraging habits Nest temperature regulation Blue macaws Birds habits Pantanal area Partnership with Arara azul (Blue Macaw) project

FUZZY KNN LOGIC APPLIED TO BEE WING CLASSIFICATION 1 Friesella Schrottky 2 3

Metadata standards for data interchange Agribusiness and biodiversity

Metadata standards for Agribusiness and Biodiversity Agrovoc AgMes AGRIS Sugar cane Precision ag

Metadata standards for Agribusiness and Biodiversity Darwin Core ABCD TAPIR Darwin Core Interaction Extension Ontologies

National and International activities FAO/UNEP/GEF pollinator project Global and Brazilian projects Brazilian Biodiversity Information System GEF / MCTI Steering committee Ministry of the Environment Consultancy integration of DBs TDWG Biodiversity information standards organiz. Executive committee: LatAm rep Brazilian Pollinators Initiative Min Environ. Steering committee 39

National and International activities Brazil Europe Institute Chair Technology ISOBUS Brazil taskforce Past- chair CIGR International Commission of Agricultural Engineering Chair of Information Systems Brazilian Society of Agroinformatics President / steering board 40

Obrigado! Thank you! Antonio Mauro Saraiva Universidade de São Paulo Escola Politécnica Ag Automation Lab LAA IT in agribusiness and Environment www.laa.pcs.usp.br saraiva@usp.br 41