PROCEEDNGS OF THE NTERNATONAL METALLURGY AND MATERALS CONGRESS ULUSLARARAS METALURJ VE MALZEME KONGRES BLDRLER KTAB VOLUME / CLT UB/TB Hannover 112 648 835 89 6-9 JUNE 1995 6-9HAZRAN 1995 STANBUL EXHBTON PALACE STANBUL SERG SARAY STANBUL, TURKYE Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects CHAMBER OF METALLURGCAL ENGNEERS Publication No. 32 Turk Miihendis ve Mimar Odalan Birligi METALURJ MUHENDSLER ODAS Yayin No. 32
CONTENTS / ClNDEKiLER VOLUME / ClLT NON-FERROUS METALLURGCAL SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES DEMR-DS METALURJ SSTEM VE SUREQLERi Keynote Address - Cagrih Bildiri Diinya'da ve Turkiye'de Bakir ve Aluminyum 3 Copper and Aluminium in the World and Turkiye Rifat KONT Thomas Rafinasyon Firinlannda Alumina Esasli Refrakterlerin Curuf Etkilesimi 71 Reaction of Alumina Based Refractories with Slag in Thomas Furnace S.GURMEN, S. OZGEN, L DUMAN KB Konverter Curuflarinin Pirometalurjik Yontemlerle Degerlendirilmesi 77 Pyrometallurgical Treatment of KB Converter Slags 6.OZONDER, N. SEVNQ, A. AYDOGDU Anod Firini Curuflarinin Degerlendirilmesi 83 Treatment of Fire-Refining Process Slags M.N.SARDEDE, Z. QZMECiOGLU Seydisehir Kirmizi Camurlarindaki Aluminyumun Geri Kazamlmasi 91 Recovery of Aluminum from Red Mud of Seydisehir Aluminum Plant C. ALYANAK, C. OKTAYBAS, H. SESGUR, E. AQMA NON-FERROUS METALLURGCAL SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES DEMR-DS METALURJ SSTEM VE SUREgLER Thermodynamics and Kinetics of the Reduction of Pyrite Drosses 101 Pirit Kullerinin ndirgenme Termodinamigi ve Kinetigi R. PAUNOVA, K. TODOROV Kromit Spinelinin Kati Hal Reduksiyon Mekanizmasi 107 Mechanism of Solid State Reduction of Chromite Spinel A.B. YORUC, C.S. KUgUKKARAGOZ Cayeli Sfalerit Konsantresinin Oksitleyici Basinc Lici 123 Oxidative Pressure Leaching of Cayeli Sphalerite Concentrate N. GURESN, Y. TOPKAYA, A. GEVEC V
Waelz Oksitten Klorlayici Buharlastirma Yontemi lie Kursun ve Kadmiyum Kazanimi 129 Recovery of Lead and Cadmium from Waelz Oxide by Chloridizing Volatilization M.C. OCAKTAN, L KARAKAYA, Y. TOPKAYA Mugla Boksitlerinin Lie sleminde Alkali Katkisi ve Kalsinasyonun Etkisi. 135 Effect of Alkaline Addition and Calcjnation on Leaching of Mugla Bauxite A. ALP, A.O.AYDN Production and Refining of Melted Fluxes 141 Sivi Flakslann Uretim ve Rafinasyonu K. TODOROV, M. MHOVSKY, T. TZONEV PHYSCAL METALLURGY FZKSEL METALURJ Hydrogen Transport During nteraction of Nitrogen Containing ron Alloys With Hydrogen Glow-Discharge 149 Azot»iceren Demir Alasimlan ile Hidrojen Glow-Dicharge Etkilesimi Sirasinda Hidrojen Tasimmi J.S. GEORGEV On the Kinetics of the Lamellar Eutectics Growth 155 Lamelar Otektik Btiyume Kinetigi L. A. ANESTEV Ferritik ODS Alasunlarinda 1100-1200 C'de Gozenek Olusumu 161 Porosity Formation in Ferritic ODS Alloys at 1100-1200 C M.TURKER Sigma Phase Formation in High Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steel 167 Yiiksek Kromlu Ferritik Paslanmaz Celikte Sigma Fazi Olusumu K. PREMACHANDRA, R. H. ERQ Dokiim CrNiCo Siiperalasiminda Mikroyapi Karakterizasyonu 175 Microstructure Characterization of CrNiCo Based Superalloy H. K. ZEYTN, A. A. KAYA, A. TEKN Cokelti irilesme Kinetigi Bilgisayar Modeli 183 Computer Modelling of Coarsening Kinetics of Precipitates in Alloys M. KOYUNCU,. BOR V
PHYSCAL METALLURGY FZKSEL METALURJt Yuksek Hiz Celiklerinin Kesrae Tutumu, kincil Sertlik ve Yumusama 191 Cutting Behavior of High Speed Steels; Secondary Hardening and Softening S.KARAGOZ Namlu Celiklerinde Esisil Donusumun icyapiya Olan Etkisi 199 Effect of sothermal Transformation on Microstructure of Gun Barrel Steel M. KURTULUS, E. TEKN Structural Examinations on ron Aluminides 205 Demir Aliiminitlerin Yapisal ncelemesi M. OZBAYRAMOGLU, M. V. AKDENZ, A. O. MEKHRABOV CuZnAl Sekil Bellekli Alasimlannda Siiperelastik Davranis 211 Pseudoelastic Behaviour of CuZnAl Shape Memory Alloys M. KOYUNCU, S. BOR Some Researches on Critical Transformation Point of Several Superalloys for Aeronautics Purpose 217 Havacihk Amach Cesitli Siiperalasimlarin Kritik Doniisum Sicakliklari. BUTNARU, V. RUCA, C. NECSULESCU Researches on the nfluence of Carbon, Aluminum and Titanium on the Gamma Prim Structural Hardening of the Nickel Base Superalloys 221 Nikel Esasli Superalasimlarin Gama Prim Yapisal Sertle mesinde Karbon, Aluminyum ve Titanyumun Etkisi V. GEANTA, D. BUNEA, D. DASA, M. TACA RON AND STEEL DEMR VE CELK Keynote Address-Cagrili Bildiri Reflection on the nnovation of Technology for Ladle Refining of Hot Metal and Steel 231 Sicak Maden ve Celigin Potada Rafinasyonunda Teknolojik Yeniliklerin Yansimalan Dr. Ethem Tugrul TURKDOGAN On the Perspectives of the Metallurgical Technologies of XX Century 283 21. Yiizyil Metalurji Teknolojilerine Bakis T. RASHEV X
The Mathematical Simulation of Continuous Casting of Steel 289 Celik Siirekli Dokiimunun Matematiksel Benzetimi V. PETKOV, E. MCHALOV mproving Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of Steel at Low Temperatures Through Modeling of Deoxidization Conditions 295 Oksijen Giderme Kosullanmn Modellenmesiyle Celigin Dusiik Sicakhklardaki Ozelliklerinin iyile tirilmesi. BUTNARU, C. BRATU, C. NECSULESCU, O. BOGDAN Design Trends and Metallurgical Results for the Clogging-Free Continuous Casting of Steels 301 Celik Siirekli Dokumiinde Noziil Tikanmasini Onlemeye Yonelik Tasanm Egilimleri ve Metalurjik Sonuclar D.V. ANGHELNA RON AND STEEL DEMiRVEgELK The Effect of Sinter Basicity on ts Structure and Physico-Chemical Properties 309 Bazikligin Sinter Yapisi ve Fizikokimyasal Ozellikleri Uzerine Etkisi S. JASENSKA, A. LEDZK, J. OREWCZYK Yuksek Firinlarda Alkali Kontrolii 315 Control of Alkalies in the Blast Furnace M.S. EROL, N. SEVNg Numerical Simulation in Large ngot With Respect to Directional Segregation 323 Genis. ngotta Yonlii Segregasyonun Sayisal Benzetimi C. BRATU,. BUTNARU, O. BOGDAN, C. NECSULESCU Diisiik Karbonlu nsaat Celiklerinin Mekanik Ozelliklerinin Temperit Yontemiyle Kontrolu 331 The Applicability of Temperit Process to Low Carbon Bearing Reinforcing Steel Bars and ts Effect on the Mechanical Properties L. SOYELLER Filmasin Uretiminde Kaliteye Yonelik Gelismeler 343 The Quality mprovement in Wire Rod Production O.AKMAN COATNG PROCESSES AND PROPERTES KAPLAMA YONTEMLER VE OZELLKLERi Yeni Kusak Sert Kaplamalar ve Elmas nce Filmier 355 Hard Coatings and Thin Diamond Films M. OZENBAS X
Celik Bantlann Sicak Daldirma Yontemi ile Aliiminyum Kaplanmasi 361 Aluminium Coating of Steel Bands by Hot Dipping E. ARABAC, S. AYDN Sicak Daldirma ginko Kaplamada Mekanik Yiizey slemlerinin Kaplama Davranisma Etkisi 371 nfluence of Mecnical Surface Pretreatments on the Behavior of Hot Dip Zinc Coatings O. ELKOCA, S. KUgUKKARAGOZ Termokimyasal Yontemle Bor Kaplama ve Kaplama Ozellikleri 385 Boron Coating by Thermochemical Technique and Coating Properties U. SEN, C. BNDAL, F. YLMAZ Metakrilik Asit ile Modifiye Edilen Aluminyum Sek-Butoksit ile Sol-Jel Kaplamalar 391 Sol-Gel Coating by Al-tri-sec-butoxide Modified by Methacrylic Acid G. AVC, A. AKAR Seramik Kaplamalarda Bag Mukavemeti Uzerine Deneysel Gozlemler 397 nvestigation on Bond Strengths of Ceramic Coatings R. SAMUR, S. SALMAN, A. A. KAYA CORROSON AND OXDATON KOROZYON VE OKSTLENME Keynote Address - gagrih Bildiri Tiirkiye'nin Metalik Korozyon Kayibi 411 Corrosion Cost in Tiirkiye Prof. Dr. Ali Fuat gakr Effect of Secondary Phases' on the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of a 25%Cr - 7%Ni Duplex Stainless Steel in Chloride Environments 421 kincil Fazlann %25Cr - %7Ni Duplex Paslanmaz Celigin Klorlu Ortamlarda Qukurcuk Korozyonu Direncine Etkisi E. OTERO, C. MERNO, L. CASTRO, P. FERNANDEZ, C. FOSCA Auger Electron Spectroscopy Characterization of Microcrystalline ASi-Alloys Oxidation; A Practical Point of View 429 ASi- Alasimlan Oxidasyonunun Auger Elektron Spektroskopisi ile Karakterizasyonu V. GADAROVA, S. YANEVA, N. STOCHEV, P. KOVATCHEV mprovement in the Oxidation Resistance of TiAl by Small Addition ofzr 435 TiAl Ala iminin Oksitlenme Direncinin Zr lavesi ile iyilestirilmesi S. TANGUCH, T. SHBATA, H. JUSO X
CASTNG DOKUM Keynote Address - gagrili Bildiri Demir ve gelik Dokiim Sektoriinun Diinii, Bugiinii ve Gelecegi 443 Past, Present and Future of the ron and Steel Casting ndustry Erdogan ALKAN Dokiimhanelerde Silisyum Karbiir Kullanim Avantajlari ve Pratik Kullanimi 457 Advantages and Practical Use of Silicon Carbide in Foundries Y. GUNAY, C. DEMiR Yumru Grafitli Dokme Demir 465 Compacted Graphite ron S. DEGRMENCiOGLU, S. VAROL "CoCrMo" implant Alasiminin Vakum indiiksiyon Ocagmda Hassas Dokiim Teknolojisi ve Prototip Protez Parcalarimn Uretihnesi 471 nvestment Casting of CoCrMo mplant Alloy in Vacuum nduction Furnace and Production of Prototype Prosthesis Parts A. GULTEKiN, B. BUTUN Zn-Bi Monotektik Alasiminin Sikistirma Dokiim Yontemi ile Uretihnesi 477 Production of Zn-Bi Monotectic Alloy by Squeeze Casting M. A. SAVAS, S. ALTNTAS, H. ERTURAN CASTNG DOKUM Dokiimhanelerde Bilgisayar Uygulamalan 485 Computer Applications in Foundries F. SUZEN, F. BUYUKFiDAN Ergitimde Optimizasyon 491 Optimization in Melting Y. GUNAY, H. OZEL Kuzey ve Bati Anadolu Bentonitlerinin Dokiim Kalip Kumu Ozelliklerine Etkisinin incelenmesi 497 nvestigation of Effect of North and West Anatolian Bentonites on Molding Sand N. UNLU, S. YLDRM, A. ALTMSOGLU, N. ERUSLU, X
Macada Sicak Deformasyon Mukavemeti Olcumu-Degiskenlerin ncelenmesi 503 Measurement of Hot Deformation Strength of Cores-nvestigation of Parameters C. DEMiR, E. OZTEKiN Basinch Dokiim Yontemi ile Uretim Yapan Orta Olcjekli Bir Dokumhanede Kalite Tekniklerinin Uygulanmasi 511 Application of Quality Techniques in a Foundry Producing Goods with Die Casting Y. TAPTK, M. ATES, B. YARDMC, A. SiLAHTAR New Developments in the Field of nduction Furnace and Process Kontrol Technology 519 ndiiksiyon Ocagi ve Proses Kontrol Teknolojilerindeki Gelismeler W. ANDREE, C. DlKiCi POWDER METALLURGY AND CERAMC PROCESSNG TOZ METALURJiS VE SERAMK SUREgLER Atritor Ogiitme Teknigi ile Sertmetal Toz Karisimlari Hazirlanmasi 527 Preparation of Hardmetal Powder Mixtures by Attrition Milling Technique Z. ALPUGAN Synthesis of Light Metals for Demanding Applications 533 Yeni Uygulamalar gin Hafif Metallerin Sentezi F.H. FROES, C.W. WARD-CLOSE, M.L. OVEgOGLU Baslangic Tozlar Uzerine Gerceklestirilen Onislemlerin Agir Alasimlarin Sivi Faz Sinterleme ile Uretimleri Uzerine Etkileri 539 Effect of the nitial Powder Characteristics on the Liquid-Phase Sintering and Manufacturing Processes B. OZKAL, L. OVEgOGLU AF3 Katkisinin Seydisehir Alumina Toz Ozelliklerine Etkisi 547 Effect of AF3 Addition on Seydisehir Alumina Powder Properties S. SAMER, A. TEKiN, g. TOY Farkli Boyutlu Alumina Tozlarmin Paketlenme ve Sinterlenme Davranisirun incelenmesi 555 investigation of Packing and Sintering Behaviour of the Different Particle Size Alumina Powders E. GUNAY, T. BAYKARA, V. GUNAY Mekanik Alasimlama Yontemi ile Termodinamik Olmayan Kosullarda Demir gerisindeki Karbon Cozunurlugoiniin Arttirihnasi 563 Mechanical Alloying of Elemental Fe and C Powders Z. ASLANOGLU, M. RDiRENgELEBi, H. KARA, M.L. OVEgOGLU X
POWDER METALLURGY AND CERAMC PROCESSNG TOZ METALURJSi VE SERAMK SUREgLERi Modifiye Sol-Jel Yontemiyle A2O3 Uretimi 575 Production of A2O3 by Modified Sol-Gel Technique S. SEViNgTAY, E. GUNAY, V. GUNAY Karbotermal Reduksiyonla B-Sialon Sentezi 583 Synthesis of 13-Sialon by Carbothermal Reduction F. ginar, A. TEKN, O. ADDEMiR Some Observations on the Effects of Additives on the Densification of Particulate Materials 591 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tank BAYKARA Sivi Faz Sinterleme Kosullarimn W-Ni-Fe Agir Alasiminin Ozelliklerine Etkileri 601 Effect of Liquid Phase Sintering Conditions on W-Ni-Fe Heavy Alloy Properties H.i. BAKAN, S. OZBEK, S. EROGLU Elementel Volfram ve Karbon Tozlannin Mekanik Alasimlama, Sinterleme Siirecleri ve Karakterizasyonu 607 nvestigation on Mechanical Alloying, Sintering and Characterization of Elemental Tungsten and Carbon Powders H. KARA, M. NDiRENgELEBi, Z. ASLANOGLU, M. L. OVEgOGLU nvestigation of Metallic Binders for Diamond Tools Obtained by Hot Pressing 615 Sicak Pres Yontemiyle Uretilmis Elmas Gereclerde Metalik Baglayici Kullaniminin Ara tinlmasi D. KOLAROV, M. GANCHEVA COATNGS - WEAR KAPLAMA - ASNMA Takim geliklerinin TRD/TD Prosesi ile Karbiir Kaplanmasi 623 Carburizing of Tool Steels by TRD/TD Process H. gep, S. ZEYTiN, 6. gimen PVD ve CVD Tipi Modern Seramik Katmanlarin Kursunlu Otomat geliklerinin islenebilirligine Etkisi 631 Effect of PVD and CVD Ceramic Coatings on the Machinability of Free Cutting Steels H. KARAGOZ, S. KARAGOZ, Y. SAATgi XV
Kupol Curuflarindan Asindinci Malzeme Uretimi 639 Production of Abrasive Powders from Cupola Slags A. TOPUZ, A. KARAASLAN, M. AKN Maden Ogutmede Kullanilan Bilyah Degirmen Yiizey Plakasi Malzemelerinin Asinma Ozelliklerinin Arastinlmasi 645 nvestigation of Wear Properties of Ball Mill Surface Plate Materials Used in Ore Grinding A. OZSOY, B. OZGUVEN Stellite 6 Alasiminin Yuksek Sicakliktaki Asinma Davranisma Silisyumun Etkisi 651 Effect of Silicon on Elevated Temperature Wear Behavior of Stellite 6 Alloy H. gelik, A. OSMA, H. gimenoglu, E. S. KAYAL, Thermochemical Treatment of Machine Components and Tools by Means of on Nitriding 657 Makina Parca ve Gereclerinin iyon Nitriirleme Yontemiyle Termo-mekanik Olarak islenmesi V. TOSHKOV, T. TONCHEV COMPOSTE MATERALS KOMPOZT MALZEMELER Keynote Address - gagnh Bildiri High Technology Composites 665 ileri Teknoloji Kompozit Malzemeler Prof. Dr. Alpay ANKARA A Comparison of SCS6/Ti-6Al-4V and Sigma (SM 1240)/Ti-6Al-4V Composite- Systems 673 SCS6/Ti-6A!-4V ve Sigma (SM 1240)/Ti-6 A1-4V Kompozit Sistemlerinin Kar ila tinlmij si D. UPADHYA\'A, F.H. FROES, CM. WARD-CLOSE, P. TSAKROPOULOS Fiber gapinm ve Olcii Boyunun Karbon Fiberlerin Mekanik Ozelliklerine Etkileri 679 Effect of Fibre Diameter and Gauge Length on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fibres S. OZBEK XV
SiC Partikiil Takviyeli Al-Si Metal Matriksli Kompozitlerin Santrifuj Ddkumii 687 Centrifugal Casting of SiC Particle Reinforced Al-Si Metal Matrix Composite H. AKBULUT MECHANCAL METALLURGY MEKANiK METALURJi Keynote Address - gagnh Bildiri Kontrollu Haddeleme ve Termomekanik slemler 695 Controlled Rolling and Thermomechanical Treatment Prof. Dr. Eyiip Sabri KAYAL High Temperature-Mechanical Treatment of Low-Carbon Steel 25 705 Dusiik Karbonlu 25 Celiginin Yiiksek Sicakhkta Mekanik Prosesi L. EVLOGEVA, N. KONSTANTNOV, G. DUMANOV Kisa Yorulma gatlaklarimn geliklerdeki Kalintilardan Baslama ve Biiyiime Davranislari 711 nitiation and Early Growth Mechanisms of Short Fatigue Cracks in Steel nclusions C. KAYNAK, A. ANKARA, T.J. BAKER The Effect of Thermomechanical Treatment on Strengthening and Structure of Cu-Ni-Si-Al-Cr Alloys 717 Termomekanik Proseslerin Cu-Ni-Si-Al-Cr Ala imlannin Mukavemet ve Yapisi Uzerine Etkisi Z. MARTNOVA, G. ZLATEVA Optimization of the Properties of High Strength Aluminum Alloys for Aerospace Applications 723 Havacilik Uygulamalannda Kullamlan Yiiksek Dayangli Aluminyum Alasimlarmin Ozelliklerinin Optimizasyonu K. TUR, A. ANKARA XV