Hydrophobic Impregnations
What is a Hydrophobic Impregnation and How Does it Work? A hydrophobic impregnation is a surface applied, invisible, easy applied, non-film forming protection system for all types of mineral substrates. In buildings and civil engineering structures, water should generally be kept out and away to prevent deterioration and damage, with subsequent loss of value and/or function. In addition to the problems of water penetration and damp, water ingress can also bring many other deleterious soluble materials into the substrates, including salts such as chlorides and sulphates. Water vapour Liquid water Therefore there are several different reasons for using a hydrophobic impregnation: Hydrophobic layer Durability Aspects Protection of the structures against physical and chemical damage Protection of reinforced concrete structures against corrosion of steel reinforcement Mineral substrate Aesthetic / Comfort Issues Preservation of the visual aspects Reduction of efflorescence and salt damages Prevention of organic growth Reduction of the effects of pollution and thermal insulation problems Without hydrophobic impregnation With hydrophobic impregnation Due to the small size of the mono-molecular layer, there is little or no change in the aesthetic appearance or the surface. The pores and capillaries are internally lined but not filled. This ensures that the surface remains fully permeable to water-vapour exchange. Hydrophobic impregnation treatments change the surface tension of mineral substrates including concrete, render brickwork and stone; this creates a water-repellent surface to keep water and aggressive water-soluble salts out, such as chlorides and sulphates. 2 3
Technologies and Characteristics The Sikagard Hydrophobic Impregnation Range Hydrophobic impregnations are generally based on Silanes, Siloxanes, Siliconates, or a blend of these materials. Due to the individual chemistries of these material technologies, each has its own individual features which leads to a very useful and wide range of different characteristics and properties. The table below provides an overview of the main differences between these 3 technologies. Molecular structure Material Technology Silane Siloxane Siliconate Product Description Use Advantages Sikagard -704 S Silane/Siloxane blend Fast absorption Concrete structures New and repair works Best price/performance product for concrete protection Good penetration Long durability Resistance to freeze and thaw attack Sikagard -740 W Advantages High penetration Alkali stability Very long durability Nice beading effect Alkali stability Long durability Nice beading effect Cost benefit Water based Silane based Water based emulsion Low VOC content Concrete structures New and repair works Best environmental friendly solution on concrete Good penetration Good durability Environmental friendly Resistance to freeze and thaw attack Disadvantages High volatility application wastage (liquid Type) Lower penetration risk of darkening at the surface (high concentration) Typical substrates Concrete & Mortar Concrete & Mortar Bricks Natural & Artificial Stones Low penetration Shorter durability risk of efflorescence Not suitable for alkaline substrates Slow reaction process Bricks Natural & Artificial Stones Sikagard -700 S Sikagard -703 W Multi purpose hydrophobic impregnation Suitable for all mineral substrates Multi purpose solution for different types of substrates Siloxane based Fast absorption Siloxane based Water based emulsion Low VOC content Multi purpose hydrophobic impregnation Suitable for most mineral substrates Best environmental friendly solution on stone and bricks Multi purpose Best solution for stone Good Durability Environmental friendly Best solution for bricks Sikagard -71 W Tiles Tiles Siliconate based Water based solution Low VOC content For non alkaline mineral substrates (bricks, terracota, stone, etc) Economic product Environmental friendly 4 Note: The information given above and on the next page is in respect of the technology and not directly related to any specific products performance, as this can also vary significantly according to the concentration used, the combination of active ingredients and the carrier type (water or solvent). Economic solution for bricks, terracota and stone
Know-How from Site... The Sika competence in the hydrophobic impregnations field has been proven on thousands of construction projects, on the largest and representative job sites world wide.... to Shelf These Sikagard hydrophobic impregnation products for every purpose are available on the shelfs. Sitra Causeway, Bahrain Protection of new bridge and embankment against the harsh conditions of marine environment. Durability designed for 120 years. Protection with Sikagard hydrophobic impregnation (~100 000 m²) Typical Sikagard products for concrete structures Sikagard -700 S 5 l, 20 l Sikagard -740 W 20 l Sikagard -704 S 20 l Standard Solution High Performance Los Nogales School Art Center, Bogotá, Colombia Application of Sikagard hydrophobic impregnation as protection on exposed brick façade. Typical Sikagard products for brick structures and tiles Sikagard -71 W 2 l, 5 l, 20 l Sikagard -703 W 2 l, 5 l, 20 l Sikagard -700 S 5 l, 20 l Standard Solution High Performance Hotel Tivoli Vilamoura, Algarve, Portugal Protection of porous, yellow granite stone with Sikagard hydrophobic impregnation. Exposed to marine environment. Typical Sikagard products for natural and artificial stone Sikagard -71 W 2 l, 5 l, 20 l Sikagard -703 W 2 l, 5 l, 20 l Sikagard -700 S 5 l, 20 l Standard Solution High Performance 6 7
Application Guide The Sikagard Advantage On concrete surfaces On stone and brick surfaces Estimation of material consumption for different test areas. Estimation of material consumption for different test areas. Measuring of absorption with appropriate measurement method. Measuring of absorption with appropriate measurement method. Protect glass and aluminium surfaces before application. Test the product on a hidden small area as in some rare occasion, darkening/efflorescence might occur depending on the product used. Protect glass and aluminium surfaces before application. Test the product on a hidden small area as in some rare occasion, darkening/efflorescence might occur depending on the product used. Long time experience Sika s long term experience since 1910 World-wide presence Sika s know-how and competence all over ther world Substrate has to be sound, dry, free of dust, oil, efflorescence or other contaminations. Substrate shall be cleaned with low pressure water-jetting <18 MPa (< 180 bars) Substrate has to be sound, dry, free of dust, oil, efflorescence or other contaminations. Substrate shall be cleaned by brush and with a suitable cleaning agent prior to application. Sika partnership Reliable and global partnership and technical support Economical Advantage Short application time and increased durability Apply the Sikagard liquid by roller, brush or low pressure spray (especially for larger areas). Make sure to apply an uniform layer without letting the product run. Apply the Sikagard liquid by roller, brush or low pressure spray (especially for larger areas). Make sure to apply an uniform layer without letting the product run. Full range Full solution systems provided by one supplier Health and environment Sika takes care of health, safety and environmental topics. 2 3 A second coat has to be applied wet-in-wet. A second coat has to be applied wet-in-wet. 1 Sika Quality Sika System Compatibility Protect eyes and skin from accidental contact by suitable means. Use inhalation protection when applying solvent containing products. Proven quality on many reference jobs around the world Tested and proven cross-compatibility of the Sika products 8 9
Protection and Concrete Repair with Sika Sika provides a full solution system to provide and maintain sound and aesthetic buildings and structures Sika offers a full solution system for refurbishment and conservation of concrete structures and buildings, to extend the durability and maintain the aesthetics of construction works. Sika has tested and proven the compatibility of the products of this system to each other. Take advantage of a highly professional range for refurbishment and protection of old and new buildings from the most trusted brand of repair and protection materials. Contact your construction materials dealer for further information and support with Sika repair and protection solutions. 1 3 5 2 4 Repair solutions Protection solutions Cleaning solutions Other building protection products 1 2 3 Bonding Primer & Corrosion Protection: Sika MonoTop Repair: Sika MonoTop Crack Injection: Sikadur Smoothing & Pore Sealing: Sika MonoTop 4 5 Hydrophobic Impregnations: Sikagard -704 S, Sikagard -740 W, Sikagard -700 S, Sikagard -703 W, Sikagard -71 W Protective Coatings: Sikagard Sikagard -715 W In-depth removal of moss, lichen, algae and any other similar contamination on all common substrates inside and outside. Sikagard -719 W High Performance cleaner for all kind of alkali-resistant surfaces. Sikagard -905 W Dampness treatment and surface hardener for walls. Prevents from biologic grows. Sikagard -907 W Surface protection for porous floors and sand joint hardener. 10 11
Know-how from Site to Shelf Sika Specialised Trade Partner All orders are accepted subject to our current terms of sale and delivery. Users should always refer to the most recent issue of the Product Data Sheet for the product concerned. Sika Services AG Business Unit Distribution CH-8048 Zürich Switzerland Phone +41 58 436 40 40 Fax +41 58 436 46 86 www.sika.com Innovation & Consistency Sika Services AG / RB / 01.10 / CMS since 1910