MDS1 ANG Bronze Age Greece and Troy. Gillian Shepherd
Photo Gillian Shepherd The Trojan Horse
Photo Gillian Shepherd
Photo Gillian Shepherd View from the mound of Hisarlik (Troy?) across the Trojan Plain
The Trojan War: an historical event? We have no record of any action taken by Hellas (= Greece) before the Trojan War Agamemnon it seems must have been the most powerful of the rulers of his day: this was why he was able to raise the force against Troy Thucydides I.3 Some dates? c. 1250 BC Herodotus (5 th cent. BC historian) 1135 BC Ephorus (4 th cent. BC historian) 1194-1184 BC Eratosthenes (3 rd cent. BC librarian at Alexandria) 5 th June 1209 BC Parian Marble (ancient inscription listing notable events from 1581 to 264 BC) IE Late Bronze Age Greece and its Mycenaean civilisation? (Late Helladic III 1400-1100 BC)
Troy 9 main ancient phases (with subdivisions) Troy II: EBA Troy ( Schliemann s Troy ) Troy VI or VIIA: Homer s Troy? http://www.awesomestories.com/images/user/b2f1970c84.jpg
Heinrich Schliemann (1822-90) Other important Trojans : Frank Calvert (the true discoverer Of Troy?) Wilhelm Dörpfeld (stratigraphy; Troy VI) Carl Blegen (Troy VIIa) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/file:heinrich_schliemann.jpg
Photo Gillian Shepherd Schliemann s trench, Troy
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:section_troy-hisarlik-fr.svg Cross-section through the hill of Hisarlik Yellow = ramparts/acropolis of Troy II Pink = ramparts/acropolis of Troy VI Blue = Acropolis of Troy IX (Hellenistic/Roman Troy)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/file:sophia_schliemann_treasure.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/file:priam%27s_treasure.jpg Priam s Treasure prior to 1880 Sophia Schliemann wearing the Jewels of Helen
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ File:Sophia_schliemann_treasure.jpg The Big Diadem, Moscow http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ File:Tesoro_di_priamo,_grande_diadema_con_pendenti,_oro,_cat._10,_01.JPG
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:section_troy-hisarlik-fr.svg Cross- section through the hill of Hisarlik Yellow = ramparts/acropolis of Troy II Pink = ramparts/acropolis of Troy VI Blue = Acropolis of Troy IX (Hellenistic/Roman Troy)
The walls of Troy VI: Homer s Troy? Three times Patroclus set his foot upon a corner of the high wall and three times Apollo flung him back when for the fourth time he rushed on like a god, then with a terrible cry Apollo spoke to him with winged words Iliad 16. 701 ff. Photo Gillian Shepherd
Photo Gillian Shepherd
Map of Mycenaean Greece 3000-2500 Early Helladic I 2500-2200 Early Helladic II 2200-2000 Early Helladic III 2000-1550 Middle Helladic 1550-1500 Late Helladic I 1500-1400 Late Helladic II 1400-1100 Late Helladic III http://www.utexas.edu/courses/classicaldig/mycenae/0001210306.gif
Photo Gillian Shepherd Tiryns The wall is the work of the Cyclopes and is made of unwrought stones, each stone being so huge that the smallest of them could not be moved even in the slightest degree by a pair of mules. Pausanias 2.25.8
Tiryns http://www.grisel.net/tiryns.htm Megaron http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/file:burchttiryns2.jpg
http://www.utexas.edu/courses/cc302k/greece/02.myc.htm Reconstruction of a megaron (Pylos)
Photo Gillian Shepherd Walls of Mycenae Well built Mycenae
Photo Gillian Shepherd Lion Gate, Mycenae
http://www.utexas.edu/courses/introtogreece/lect3/tmycenaemap0002280005.gif Mycenae
Grave Circle A, Mycenae (shaft graves) Photo Gillian Shepherd [inside] the wall, where Agamemnon and those murdered with him are lying (Pau. 2.16.4)
Photo Gillian Shepherd Mycenae rich in gold
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=grave+circle+a+mycenae +sword&view=detail&id=cbf3e5998469b3eb6874ad38435b878c3dc70f4c&first=0&form=idfrir Bronze dagger with scene of lion hunt in gold, silver, electrum and a black bronze alloy Shaft grave IV
http://library.artstor.org/library/iv2.html?parent=true The Mask of Agamemnon Mycenae, 16 th cent. BC (Shaft grave V)
Photo Gillian Shepherd The Treasury of Atreus Mycenean tholos tomb 13 th cent. BC Photo Gillian Shepherd
Linear B syllabary composed of: syllabic signs ideograms (images of objects/units of measure) Approx. 200 signs Administrative text NB Linear A = Minoan text, not yet deciphered http://proteus.brown.edu/greekpast/4690 Linear B tablet from Pylos
One ebony chair with a golden back decorated with birds; and a footstool decorated with ivory pomegranates. One ebony chair with ivory back carved with a pair of finials and with a man s figure and heifers; one footstool, ebony inlaid with ivory and pomegranates Linear B Tablet from Pylos, no. Ta 707 (DMG 242) (preserved c. 1200 BC)
[Odysseus put on] a helmet made of hide on the outside the white teeth of a boar of gleaming tusks were set thick and inside was a lining of felt Iliad X. 261 Photo Gillian Shepherd