Mangalica: The pig as it once was
The origin of mangalica: The romans introduced the Black Napoletan Pig to the Carpatian Basin, also to Pannonia (West Hungary). This was a mediterranean pig: the antessor was the medirarranean wild boar (SUS MEDITERRANEUS), extinghiused more than 1000 years ago. The ibérico and mangalica and some rare pigs (sicilian black, cerdo mayorquin etc.) are direct descendants.
Gold coins from the era of Emperor Augustus
Semi-wild mountain pig, no fat, hard meat
Szalontai: better life, better pig (roman origin from the Balcan)
Bakonyi: roman origin left in Pannonia
The hungarian mangalica
Mangalica: The hungarian pig In 1833, Archiduque Joseph received sumadia pigs (9 sows and 2 boars) from Serbia as a gift of Emperor Milos from the farm of Topchider to cross Szalontai and Bakonyi In 10 years the new and unique pig was created, and made lost the other old pigs in Hungary The goal of the mangalica-breeding was to produce the most appropriate pig for cooking with the best amount of fat.
The second half of 19th century, and the HAPPY TIMES OF PEACE The golden era of mangalica, the total dominancy of breeding of pigs in Central Europe 1870: Hungary runs the best controlled breeding and producing systems of pigs, creating a worldwide quality control, system of the meat of pigs and the lard. Modern and big industries were constructed (Kőbánya 600 000 pigs, Debrecen 300 000 pigs) The export of hungarian sausage and salami (Pick, Herz, Vidoni, Gyula) was rising up
Poundin1897
Automatic feeder in 1897
Registration of reproducers in 1897
World record in fat production
13 months: 194 kgs alive
70,70 % of lard and fat
First half of 20th century The meat industry started to import white pigs from England, the industrialization of the country, and the introduction of refrigerators made possible the conservation of meat, the price of meat started to rise, and the price of fat fall down
The first white pig publicity for salami
Mangalica in 1933
The Second World War and the communist era In the II. World War more than 90 % of the mangalicas got lost. (bombings, hunger, and indemnification of the URRS ) The communist state described the mangalica as a legacy of bourgeoisie, no mercy The introduction of sunflower oil, and industrialization of the agriculture, the forced collectivization of farmers pointed only in the mass production
The state owned the GENE BANK SYSTEM In 1973 small reforms came on stream and Hungary joined in some international rare species programmes. The mangalica gene banks were found, and 300 animals were collected, and transported to the mangalica reservation. No activity, only conservation. IN SITU IN VIVO GENE BANK.
1991, the beginning of the new age In 1990 the communist gene bank system collapsed, and the mangalica was in the point of extinction 1991: Only 198 mangalicas lived in the world 133 blonde 34 swallow-bellied 31 red In the very last moment
The first shipment
High quality
Fatty pig
Olmos és Tóth Kft: Established in 1991, originally for produce and export ham of Mangalica to Spain. Activities: Save, collect, propagate the mangalica, develop the breeding system Organize the new gene banks, and breeding assotiation Make a vertical integration from the gene banks through slaughterhouses to the final market (restaurants, butcheries).
Saving them by eating them! The mangalica is not a pet. Not a toy. Not a mascot. The mangalica is a domesticated animal for fat and meat production, the final goal of the mangalicas is to eat them. If there is a market for mangalica products, the pig improves and live well, if there is no demand for the products, the entire mangalica population will be lost again.
The same day in the morning
and in the afternoon
Mangalica Breeders National Assotiation, MOE.
MOE: First established in 1927, re-established in 1994. The official breeding assotiation was recognized by the hungarian government, the main activity is to save a mantain of the genetic bases of the mangalica, unchanged in original mangalica race standard. The gene drift is not allowed. Control and certificate of all of the living mangalica population. 1 director, 1 secretary, 1 head of pedigree, 3 gene controllers. The membership in MOE is necessary for receiving subsidies, both hungarian and from the EU. The MOE certificates the 150 euros subsidies for sows. Strong marketing activities, 5 mangalica festivals, and a 500 000 USD budget for worldwide marketing in 2014. We offer and we request.
IN SITU IN VIVO GENE BANKING 3 colors, 27 boar lines The standard fenotype is unchanged from 1833 until now. The gene is in the living animal, and to prevent of changes (driftings, gene extinctions) we should repeat and conservate the original enviroment, production methods also.
Evolution of mangalica population in Hungary. 922 243 34 111 249 348 208 765 1 325 2 439 2 325 4 000 6 064 7 600 7 454 6 191 6 832 6 331 7 327 9 020 9 202 11 618 17 691 db 18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 1955 1957 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Controlled farms in Hungary. pc Number of controlled mangalica sows 1979-2012
50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 28 30 Average number of sows per farm 48 45 43 43 43 42 41 38 33 28 27 25 22 18 17 15 14 1979 1983 1988 1993 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 db
The biggest danger: The Consanginity Evaluating the risks of inbreeding Azonosító Ivar Apja Anyja Születési Telepkód Beltenyésztettség dátum mértéke (%) 1831774 2 785351 1797341 2011.03.12 4423 7,36 1831229 2 1752778 1721411 2011.02.24 14164 7,01 1833340 2 1797346 1624640 2011.12.26 14186 6,50 1822510 2 1754817 1801101 2011.05.23 3180 6,13 1822517 2 1754817 1801101 2011.05.23 3180 6,13 1815027 2 1754815 784257 2011.02.10 3180 6,05 1815025 2 1754816 784217 2011.01.10 3180 6,05 1815035 2 1754816 784217 2011.01.10 3180 6,05 1815084 2 1754816 784217 2011.01.10 3180 6,05
Genetic variability Distribution of piglets between lines
Distance of different lines
Blonde mangalica sow
Swallow-bellied mangalica sow
Red mangalica sow
Traditional open-housing
Swallow-bellied mangalicas
Semi-open-housing
In the Great Plain in summer
The same place in winter
Marketing the mangalica, Hungary Organized and controlled market, only MOE members can use the mangalica name as a brand. 60 000 mangalicas are produced, 40 000 go to local markets direct from farms, and 20 000 to international markets through slaughterhouses. There is a strong cooperation between the producers in lot of precompetitive issues to protect the entire sector.
Small farms (up to 50 sows) 150 small farms It is a beside activity, and not the main income to the farmer. Important in rural development, agrotourism, mantain the biodiversity, and local culture. Agricultural heritage, and very important in gene bank activity. Normally these farmers are very enthusiastic, and dedicated to people, but technologically and professionally are not the best
Professional Mangalica farms 10 bigger farms (100-600 sows/farm) They use the technology of the Happy Times, and uses some modern technics to accomplish the modern requirements for export. The farrowing and piglet-housing tend to be modern and hygienic, but the reproducers and fattaners live on a traditional, old fashioned way. It s still a very expensive way of technology, high quality means high costs.
Tipical feed mix for fatteners: From 35 kgs to 160 kgs: 40 % barley 40 % wheat 10 % sunflower tart 7 % corn 3 % salt, minerals, vitamines + alfalfa, vegetables, fruits etc.
Mangalica: a natural source of vitamines and minerals Rich in: a thiamin (B1 vitamin, for the nervous system) A riboflavin (B2 vitamin for fat metabolism) Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), Copper(CU) Heme-iron.
What makes the meat of the mangalica so melting and tasteful? M WP - Palmitic acid (C16:0): 24 24 - Palmitil-Oleát (C16:1): 3 2 - Stearic acid (C18:0): 11 18 - Oleic Acid (C18:1): 47 38 - Linoleic Acid (C18:2): 9 13 - Linolenic Aid (C18:3): 0,5 1
The marbling!
SWALLOW- BELLIED BLONDE RED
The Monte Nevado Mangalica:
Absolute dedication to the highest quality in hams
36 months
Pick: The hungarian mangalica brand Slaughters more than 1500 mangalicas monthly Mangalica and Pick: perfect combination, the pig as it once was, and the salami as it once was This is a door-opening product, the top of the product line.
Pick Mangalica Sausage
The NON PLUS ULTRA: Mangalica Pick Salami
The mangalica festival! Fare Trade movement, every mangalica producer has the same opportunity and possibility to present his/her mangalica products. Direct contact between farmers and costumers. Making revival and nostalgy for the rural products in big cities. It is a cheaper and more effective way of community marketing, branding the mangalica.
Same design for everybody
The Kövér Tanya familiar farm
Different lifestyles, same opinions
Global interest
Main markets of the hungarian mangalica production: Spain Austria Germany Japan USA Russia Holland
Global news
La Tienda webshop publicity
The secret weapon!
An eatable national heritage!
Thank You for your interest!