INTRODUCTION TO WATER SUPPLIES DEPARTMENT

W201301E

INTRODUCTION TO WATER SUPPLIES DEPARTMENT VISION, MISSION AND VALUES TARGET-BASED MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION CHALLENGES WATER SUPPLY HISTORY WATER DEMAND FINANCE W201302E

INTRODUCTION TO WATER SUPPLIES DEPARTMENT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE PLEDGE CUSTOMER LIAISON GROUP CUSTOMER ENQUIRY CHANNELS CURRENT MAJOR PROJECTS THE WAY FORWARD W201303E

OUR VISION To excel in satisfying customers' needs for the provision of quality water services. W201304E

OUR MISSION To provide a reliable and adequate supply of wholesome potable water and sea water to our customers in the most cost-effective way. To adopt a customer-oriented approach in our services. To maintain and motivate an effective, efficient and committed workforce to serve the community. To remain conscious of our responsibilities towards the environment. To make the best use of resources and technology in our striving for continuous improvement in services. W201305E

OUR VALUES Customer satisfaction Reliability Environmental awareness Dedication Improvement Teamwork W201306E

TARGET-BASED MANAGEMENT Policy Objective High level statement of the result or outcome the organisation is seeking to deliver. Key Result Areas The elements in the delivery process for the Policy Objective. Also the things that the organisation needs to get right to achieve the objective. Indicators Quantified output or performance the organisation aims to achieve. W201307E

POLICY OBJECTIVE To ensure the provision of a reliable, adequate and quality water supply and an efficient water supply service. Overall targets are : To maintain a 24-hour water supply To undertake the planned maintenance of the water supply infrastructure To ensure 100% compliance with the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality of the World Health Organization (WHO) for water supplied to customers at connection points To meet the demand of the customers in water supply service W201308E

KEY RESULT AREAS (KRAs) Identify water supply needs and secure water resources. Improve the water supply administrative and regulatory framework, and enforce the Waterworks Ordinance. Expand the water supply infrastructure and develop other water resources to meet increasing demand. Maintain and improve the condition of the water supply infrastructure. Ensure the quality of water supplied to customers. Improve customer services in the provision of water supply. Improve overall efficiency and reduce cost. W201309E

ORGANISATION CHART Director of Water Supplies Deputy Director of Water Supplies Customer Services Branch Mechanical & Electrical Branch Development Branch Operations Branch Finance & Information Technology Branch New Works Branch Departmental Administration Division Contract Advisory Unit Public Relations Unit General Administration Section Internal Audit Section W201310E

STAFF COMPOSITION CHART TECHNICAL 1 970 GENERAL & JUNIOR 2 075 PROFESSIONAL 351 Staff Establishment: 4 396 (as at 31 st March 2013) W201311E

CHALLENGES High water demand from densely populated territory No sizeable lakes or rivers in the territory Erratic rainfall - average 2 383mm a year with 80% in May to September Mountainous nature of water catchment areas No appreciable underground water W201312E

SUPPLY NEEDS AND WATER RESOURCES Demand projection Population projection and per capita consumption Economy projection High, medium and low water demand projection Available sources of raw water Local water catchment Imported water with supply agreement W201313E

365 273 182 91 0 WATER SUPPLY HISTORY DAYS ON FULL SUPPLY 1934 1935 1939 1946 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 WAR-TIME (NO RECORDS) FINANCIAL YEAR (Financial year = 1 st April to 31 st March ) W201314E

SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG Starting from 1960, Hong Kong has been importing raw water from Guangdong Province via Shenzhen. According to the latest agreement made in 2011, the supply rates are to be determined monthly based on Hong Kong s actual need. The supply quantity for year 2012 was 709 Mm 3, providing about 75.8% of the fresh water demand of the year. The supply is normally delivered from 1 January to 29 November and shutdown from 30 November to 31 December for maintenance each year. W201315E

OPERATIONAL STRATEGIES Before having an adequate supply of raw water from Guangdong: During wet seasons, the water levels of individual reservoirs were balanced in such a way that the chances of overflow would be more or less the same. During dry seasons or in the event of a drought, the water levels of individual reservoirs were balanced in such a way that the chances of falling down to the respective control levels be more or less the same, below such levels local water supply restrictions might have to be applied. W201316E

OPERATIONAL STRATEGIES With adequate raw water supply from Guangdong now: During wet seasons, draw-offs from individual reservoirs are maximized to meet the local demands as far as possible with minimum transfer of water from other sources. When the reservoirs receiving the imported raw water are having a high chance of overflow, arrangements will be made to reduce the imported supply rate. W201317E

OPERATIONAL STRATEGIES During dry seasons and during the annual shutdown period, the storage levels of individual reservoirs are monitored and adjusted to allow reasonable vacant storage for accepting inflow from local catchments with balanced chances of overflow among all reservoirs in the following wet season. The storage levels of individual reservoirs are always maintained above the respective control levels to ensure adequate supply to the dependent supply zones even in the event of a 1 in 100 years drought. W201318E

OPERATIONAL STRATEGIES The operation of the water resources systems: Always to aim at minimizing the risk of local or territory-wide water rationing in the first place To save operation costs by rational water transfer with consideration to the chances of individual reservoirs getting overflow and the risks of falling below the critical storage levels To ensure maximum operational reliability by carrying out necessary maintenance of the water transfer systems W201319E

WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT 2200 2000 SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG (7th AGREEMENT) SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG (6th AGREEMENT) 1800 SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG (5th AGREEMENT) SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG (8th AGREEMENT) WATER RESOURCES (Mm 3 ) 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 POK FU LAM SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG (4th AGREEMENT) HIGH ISLAND AND SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG (3rd AGREEMENT) PLOVER COVE (AFTER DAM RAISED) PLOVER COVE SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG (2nd AGREEMENT) SHEK PIK SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG (1st AGREEMENT) TAI LAM CHUNG TOTAL WATER RESOURCE SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG RESERVOIR STORAGE CAPACITY 0 1877 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 YEAR W201320E

WATER DEMAND Population is reaching 7.15 million. Demand of fresh water is around 935 Mm 3 /year. During 1970's and 1980's, there was a rapid demand growth at 6% per annum brought about by economic boom. In the 1990's, the demand growth rate started to slow down due to the industries moving to Mainland China. W201321E

WATER DEMAND CONSUMPTION ( x 1 000 m 3 /d ) 3000 2500 2000 1500 MONTHLY AVERAGE CONSUMPTION 12 MONTHS RUNNING AVERAGE 1000 500 RESTRICTED SUPPLY 0 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year W201322E

LOCAL RESOURCES Hong Kong has a geographic coverage of around 1 100 km 2. About 1/3 of the total land area is designated as water gathering grounds. Altogether there are 17 impounding reservoirs with a total effective storage capacity of 586 Mm 3. The last two reservoirs (namely Plover Cove Reservoir and High Island Reservoir) had to be built in the sea due to lack of land. W201323E

NUMBER OF ACCOUNTS PER STAFF (Thousand) NUMBER OF ACCOUNTS 3000 2800 2600 2400 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1773 1849 1909 347 356 368 2343 2265 2159 2200 2120 2075 2023 1946 Number of Accounts 364 374 370 360 366 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 377 383 406 2435 436 2546 2593 2624 2486 489 516 524 552 2677 2641 567 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2804 2822 2755 2772 2691 2728 620 597 600 609 626 Number of Accounts per Staff YEAR (as at 31 March) 637 641 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 690 670 650 630 610 590 570 550 530 510 490 470 450 430 410 390 370 350 330 310 290 270 250 NUMBER OF ACCOUNTS PER STAFF W201324E

1012-13 1997-98 1998-99 1999-2000 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 1996-97 1735 1863 2068 4380 3631 3336 3924 2030 2080 2749 2374 1936 1768 1981 2100 1820 1739 2672 4054 4148 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 CAPITAL INVESTMENT FINANCIAL YEAR (1 st April to 31 st March) W201325E CAPITAL INVESTMENT (HK$ million)

1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-2000 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 1993-94 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 REVENUE AND OPERATING COST Operating Cost Revenue FINANCIAL YEAR (1 st April to 31 st March) W201326E COST / REVENUE (HK$ million)

2012-13 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-2000 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 1995-96 1994-95 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 MADE UP OF REVENUE Water charges Notional Income Others FINANCIAL YEAR (1 st April to 31 st March) W201327E HK$ MILLION

OPERATING ACCOUNTS Target 3.4% return on Average Net Fixed Assets Inclusion of notional income in revenue W201328E

ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (Mm 3 ) 1100 1000 900 800 700 884 5.75 FRESH WATER CONSUMPTION AND POPULATION Consumption 889 915 5.80 5.90 923 6.04 919 6.16 928 6.44 913 6.50 916 6.54 911 6.61 924 940 6.67 6.72 949 6.74 974 6.73 955 6.78 968 6.81 963 6.86 951 956 6.92 6.96 952 6.97 7.02 936 923 7.07 Population 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 YEAR 935 7.15 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 POPULATION (Million) W201329E

ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (Mm 3 ) 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 FRESH WATER CONSUMPTION AND PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION 154 Consumption 884 889 915 923 919 928 913 916 911 924 940 153 155 153 149 144 141 140 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 949 140 141 138 139 974 955 968 963 145 141 142 141 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 951 137 137 956 952 136 Per Capita consumption YEAR 2008 2009 936 132 923 131 935 131 2010 2011 2012 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 PER CAPITA CONSUPTION (m 3 per annum) W201330E

PER CAPITA DOMESTIC FRESH WATER CONSUMPTION 150 140 130 120 110 114 113 113 109 131.4 130 129 128 129.1 128.9 129.6 129.9 126 127 127.1 120 117 115 116 111 100 90 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 YEAR W201331E PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION (Litre per day)

CATCHMENT YIELD AND SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG Supply from Guangdong Catchment Yield WATER RESOURCES (Mm 3 ) 1200 1000 800 600 400 65% 64% 70% 71% 71% 76% 73% 75% 75% 76% 79% 73% 80% 88% 87% 72% 66% 79% 66% 77% 75% 89% 76% 200 0 35% 36% 34% 29% 30% 34% 27% 21% 23% 25% 20% 21% 24% 24% 27% 29% 28% 25% 25% 24% 13% 12% 11% 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 YEAR W201332E

ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (Mm 3 ) YEAR 300 290 280 270 260 250 240 230 220 210 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 6 5 4 3 2 129 142 3.84 4.04 159 SEA WATER CONSUMPTION AND POPULATION SERVED Consumption 4.40 185 4.60 198 201 4.93 5.08 217 5.19 232 235 5.23 5.28 236 5.33 241 5.34 255 5.40 263 5.41 260 5.38 271 275 271 270 270 5.43 5.46 5.47 5.51 5.55 Population 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 273 5.62 POPULATION SERVED (Million) W20133E

WATER TARIFF (Effective from Feb. 1995) DOMESTIC RATE FOR A FOUR-MONTH PERIOD (HK$/m 3 ) (US$/m 3 ) First tier - first 12 m 3 Free Free Second tier - next 31 m 3 4.16 0.53 Third tier - next 19 m 3 6.45 0.83 Fourth tier - for the remainder 9.05 1.16 W201334E

WATER TARIFF (Effective from Feb. 1995) FLUSHING WATER FOR A FOUR-MONTH PERIOD (HK$/m 3 ) (US$/m 3 ) FRESH WATER First tier - first 30 m 3 Second tier - for the remainder Free 4.58 Free 0.59 SEA WATER Free Free W201335E

WATER TARIFF (Effective from Feb. 1995) NON - DOMESTIC RATES (HK$/m 3 ) (US$/m 3 ) Trade purposes 4.58 0.59 Construction purposes 7.11 0.91 Non-Local vessels purposes (effective from Jul. 1996) 10.93 1.40 Local vessels purposes 4.58 0.59 W201336E

A TYPICAL FRESH WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM (SCHEMATIC) CATCHWATER IMPOUNDING RESERVOIR TREATMENT WORKS PRIMARY SERVICE RESERVOIR PUMPING STATION SERVICE RESERVOIR TO CUSTOMERS PUMPING STATION SERVICE RESERVOIR RAW WATER FROM GUANGDONG CUSTOMERS CUSTOMERS W201337E

PRINCIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN HONG KONG SHENZHEN RESERVOIR N SHENZHEN FANLING P/S NGAU TAM MEI WTW MUK WU P/S SHEUNG SHUI WTW RIVER INDUS P/S TAI PO TAU P/S TAI MEI TUK P/S TUEN MUN WTW AU TAU WTW AU TAU P/S TAI PO TAU WTW TAI PO WTW SAI O P/S HARBOUR ISLAND P/S MA ON SHAN WTW SIU HO WAN P/S HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT SILVER MINE BAY WTW TSUEN WAN WTW YAU KOM TAU WTW SHEK LEI PUI WTW TAI PO ROAD WTW SIU HO WAN WTW TAI O WTW PUI O P/S ABERDEEN WTW CHEUNG SHA WTW SHAM TSENG WTW SANDY BAY P/S LOWER SHING MUN P/S SHA TIN WTW EASTERN WTW RED HILL WTW HIGH ISLAND P/S PAK KONG WTW LEGEND : WATER GATHERING GROUNDS IMPOUNDING RESERVOIR WATER TREATMENT WORKS PUMPING STATION MAJOR WATER SUPPLY ROUTE W201338E

WATER RESOURCES IMPOUNDING RESERVOIR Total no. 17 Total storage capacity (Mm 3 ) 586.05 CATCHWATER Total length (km) 120 WATER TUNNEL Total length (km) 199 W201339E

MAJOR IMPOUNDING RESERVOIRS NAME STORAGE YEAR OF CAPACITY COMPLETION (Mm 3 ) Tai Lam Chung 20.49 1957 Shek Pik 24.46 1963 Plover Cove 229.73 1968 High Island 281.12 1978 W201340E

MAJOR IMPOUNDING RESERVOIRS SHENZHEN PLOVER COVE 229.73 Mm 3 (1968) NEW TERRITORIES TAI LAM CHUNG 20.49 Mm 3 (1957) HIGH ISLAND 281.12 Mm 3 (1978) KOWLOON LANTAU ISLAND HONG KONG SHEK PIK 24.46 Mm 3 (1963) LOCATION PLAN W201341E

LOCATION PLAN OF PLOVER COVE RESERVOIR 船灣淡水湖 Plover Cove Reservoir DAM TAI PO W201342E

TYPICAL SECTION OF MAIN DAM PLOVER COVE RESERVOIR W201343E

LOCATION PLAN OF HIGH ISLAND RESERVOIR SAI KUNG DAM 萬宜水庫 High Island Reservoir DAM W201344E

TYPICAL SECTION OF EAST DAM HIGH ISLAND RESERVOIR W201345E

HONG KONG IN ITS REGIONAL SETTING W201346E

THE DONGJIANG - SHENZHEN WATER SUPPLY SCHEME DEDICATED AQUEDUCT LOCATION PLAN N QILING PUMPING STATION TAIYUEN PUMPING STATION LINHU PUMPING STATION TANGXIA JINHU PUMPING STATION YANTIAN TUNNEL SHENZHEN RESERVOIR W201347E

THE DONGJIANG - SHENZHEN WATER SUPPLY SCHEME DEDICATED AQUEDUCT LONGITUDINAL SECTION Taiyuan Pumping Station Yantian Tunnel m 50 Dongjiang Linhu Pumping Station Qiling Pumping Station Jinhu Pumping Station Shawan Water Tunnel Biological Treatment Works 40 30 Shenzhen Reservoir 20 10 0 0.00 5.49 5.62 33.90 49.51 56.93 59.21 60.75 Deliver to Hong Kong Canal Hydropower Open Canal Tunnel Trestle Culvert Open Channel Closed Tunnel Tunnel Canal Tunnel Tunnel Aqueduct Aqueduct & Aqueduct Station Box Culvert Box Box Culvert Culvert Culvert Distance (Km) W201348E

WATER TREATMENT WORKS TREATMENT WORKS Total no. 21 Total capacity (Mm 3 /d) 5.02 MAJOR TREATMENT WORKS : NAME CAPACITY YEAR OF Mm 3 /d COMPLETION Sha Tin 1.23 Pak Kong 0.80 Tai Po 0.40 Tuen Mun 0.37 Au Tau 0.33 Tsuen Wan 0.32 Yau Kom Tau 0.25 Ma On Shan 0.23 Ngau Tam Mei 0.23 1964 1989 2003 1982 1992 1957 1985 1997 W201349E

MAJOR TREATMENT WORKS SHENZHEN TUEN MUN 0.37 Mm 3 /d AU TAU 0.33 Mm 3 /d NGAU TAM MEI 0.23 Mm 3 /d TAI PO YAU KOM TAU 0.25 Mm 3 /d TSUEN WAN 0.32 Mm 3 /d 0.40 Mm 3 /d NEW TERRITORIES SHA TIN 1.23 Mm 3 /d KOWLOON MA ON SHAN 0.23 Mm 3 /d PAK KONG 0.80 Mm 3 /d LANTAU ISLAND HONG KONG LOCATION PLAN W201350E

TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS RAW AND FRESH WATER PUMPING STATION Total number 153 Total capacity (Mm 3 /d) 31.2 SERVICE RESERVOIR Total number 170 Total storage capacity (Mm 3 ) 4.18 WATER MAINS Total length (km) 6 627* (pipe diameter from 20 to 2 400mm) * Water mains laid in private streets are included W201351E

MAJOR PUMPING STATIONS NAME CAPACITY Mm 3 /d Muk Wu No. 2 and No. 3 5.89 Tai Po Tau, Tai Po Tau No. 2, 3.73 No. 3 and No. 4 Tai Mei Tuk and Tai Mei Tuk No. 2 2.17 Harbour Island 2.05 W201352E

MAJOR PUMPING STATIONS SHENZHEN NEW TERRITORIES TAI PO TAU, TAI PO TAU No. 2, No. 3 & No. 4 3.73 Mm 3 /d MUK WU No. 2 & No. 3 5.89 Mm 3 /d TAI MEI TUK & TAI MEI TUK No. 2 2.17 Mm 3 /d HARBOUR ISLAND 2.05 Mm 3 /d KOWLOON LANTAU ISLAND HONG KONG LOCATION PLAN W201353E

MAJOR SERVICE RERSERVOIRS NAME CAPACITY m 3 Lion Rock 275 000 Ho Man Tin Tseung Kwan O Shek Kip Mei Mount Davis 244 000 232 000 220 000 143 000 W201354E

MAJOR SERVICE RERSERVOIRS SHENZHEN LANTAU ISLAND SHEK KIP MEI 220 000 m 3 NEW TERRITORIES KOWLOON HONG KONG MOUNT DAVIS 143 000 m 3 LION ROCK 275 000 m 3 TSEUNG KWAN O 232 000 m 3 HO MAN TIN 244 000 m 3 LOCATION PLAN W201355E

A TYPICAL SEA WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM (SCHEMATIC) SERVICE RESERVOIR NON-RETURN VALVE SEA WALL SEA LEVEL PUMPING STATION TO SUPPLY WATERMAIN TO SUPPLY TO SUPPLY TO SUPPLY WATERMAIN INTAKE CULVERT W201356E

TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS SEA WATER PUMPING STATION Total number 38^ Total capacity (Mm 3 /d) 2.15^ ^ Combined Fresh Water and Salt Water Pumping Stations are included SERVICE RESERVOIR Total number 50 Total storage capacity (Mm 3 ) 0.24 WATER MAINS Total length (km) 1 680* (pipe diameter from 20 to 1 200mm) * Water mains laid in private streets are included W201357E

MAJOR SEA WATER PUMPING STATIONS NAME CAPACITY Mld Cha Kwo Ling 200 Tai Wan 192 Tsuen Wan 121 Sha Tin Cheung Sha Wan 142 Tseung Kwan O 111 157 W201358E

MAJOR SEA WATER PUMPING STATIONS SHENZHEN LANTAU ISLAND NEW TERRITORIES TSUEN WAN 121 Mld TAI WAN 192 Mld SHA TIN 157 Mld CHEUNG SHA WAN 142 Mld TSEUNG KWAN O KOWLOON CHA KWO LING 200 Mld HONG KONG 111 Mld LOCATION PLAN W201359E

LOCATIONS OF SEA WATER PUMPING STATIONS AND INTAKES SHENZHEN NEW TERRITORIES KOWLOON LANTAU ISLAND HONG KONG LOCATION PLAN W201360E

MAJOR SEA WATER SERVICE RESERVOIRS NAME CAPACITY Diamond Hill m 3 22 000 Tai Wo Ping 16 000 Tseung Kwan O 13 000 Tuen Mun North 12 000 Ha Lo Wai 11 000 Yau Ma Tei 11 000 W201361E

MAJOR SEA WATER SERVICE RESERVOIRS SHENZHEN LANTAU ISLAND NEW TERRITORIES TSEUNG KWAN O TUEN MUN NORTH 12 000 m 3 HA LO WAI 11 000 m 3 13 000 m 3 TAI WO PING 16 000 m 3 YAU MA TEI 11 000 m 3 KOWLOON HONG KONG DIAMOND HILL 22 000 m 3 LOCATION PLAN W201362E

WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT QUALITY OF RAW WATER SUPPLY FROM GUANGDONG National Standard of the People's Republic of China - Stipulated in the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water GB 3838-2002 - Class 2 Water Quality Standard published by PRC in 2002 W201363E

FRESH WATER QUALITY TARGET The water supplied to the customers at the connection points complies with the guideline standards of World Health Organization (WHO). W201364E

DISTRIBUTION MAP WATER TREATMENT WORKS & LABORATORIES Tai O SHENZHEN Ngau Tam Mei Au Tau Tuen Mun Silvermine Bay Cheung Sha Sheung Shui Tai Po Tau Tai Po Tsuen Wan Sham Tseng Yau Kom Tau Shek Lei Pui Kowloon Siu Ho Wan Aberdeen Eastern Plover Cove Ma On Shan Sha Tin Pak Kong Tai Po Road Red Hill Legend : Laboratory Treatment Works Treatment Works & Laboratory LOCATION PLAN W201365E

TYPICAL WATER TREATMENT PROCESS Polyelectrolyte Alum Hydrated Lime Chlorine Fluoride Legend : Sampling Point Raw Water Rapid Mix Flocculation Chamber Tank Clarifier Clear Filter Water Tank Supernatant Sludge Washwater Treated Water Pumping Station Sludge Thickening Tank Filter Press Washwater Recovery Tank Sludge Cake Disposal To Distribution System Service Reservoir W201366E

TYPICAL DIAGRAM OF FILTER Water Size range (mm) Anthracite 1.20-2.40 Fine sand 0.60-1.20 Coarse sand 2.50-3.20 Size Range ( m) Membrane for Reverse Osmosis 0.0001-0.003 Nanofiltration 0.0005-0.007 Microfiltration 0.3 Coliform 2-6 Cryptosporidium 4-6 Giardia 8-12 W201367E

FLUORIDATION Sodium silicofluoride or sodium fluoride For prevention of dental caries Target value in treated water Fluoride level (4/2012 3/2013) average level in treated water 0.50 mg/l 0.49 mg/l W201368E

TREATMENT PROCESS IN NGAU TAM MEI WATER TREATMENT WORKS H 2 O 2 Ozone Raw Water Lime PAC Alum Sodium Phosphate Ozone H 2 O 2 Direct Filtration Mode Polymer Lime Preliminary Stage Ozone Contact Tanks Carbon Contact Basins Rapid Mix Tanks Flocculation Basins Triple-deck Sedimentation Tanks Flocculant Intermediate Stage Ozone Contact Tanks First Stage Filter Washwater Recycle Washwater Recycle Conditioning Tanks Lime Cl 2 F - Primary Service Reservoir Treated Water Pumping Station Chlorine Contact Tanks and Clearwell Second Stage Bio-filters To Distribution System Filter Press Polymer Sludge Supernatant Washwater Equalization Tanks Sludge Thickeners Sludge Cake Disposal W201369E

LAYOUT PLAN OF TAI PO WATER TREATMENT WORKS W201370E

AERIAL VIEW OF TAI PO WATER TREATMENT WORKS W201371E

TREATMENT PROCESS DIAGRAM OF TAI PO WATER TREATMENT WORKS W201372E

TYPES OF WATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS Physical analysis - e.g. ph and colour. Chemical analysis organic compounds e.g. pesticides inorganic compounds e.g. heavy metals Biological analysis - e.g. algae. W201373E

TYPES OF WATER SAMPLE ANALYSIS Bacteriological analysis - e.g. Coliform, E.coli and Agar Plate Counts. Radiological analysis Gross alpha and beta activities; Gamma emitters Special analysis Cryptosporidium and Giardia (C & G); W201374E

SEA WATER QUALITY TARGET 96% of the water supplied to the customers at the connection points complies with the Water Quality Objectives (WQO) of Water Supplies Department W201375E

WATER QUALITY OF SEA WATER FOR FLUSHING Pledged WQO Colour (Hazen Unit) < 40 Turbidity (NTU) < 20 Threshold Odour Number (TON) < 100 Ammonical Nitrogen (mg/l) < 1 Suspended Solids (mg/l) < 20 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) > 2 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/l) < 10 Synthetic Detergents (mg/l) < 5 E. coli (no./100 ml) < 5,000 W201376E

PERFORMANCE PLEDGE WATER SUPPLY SERVICES NORMALLY, MINIMUM SUPPLY PRESSURE For fresh water 15 to 30m For sea water 15m ACCURACY OF WATER METER Inaccuracy not exceeding ±3% NORMAL RESPONSE TIME FOR ATTENDANCE TO FAULT COMPLAINTS For fresh water within half a day For others within a working day W201377E

WATER SUPPLY SERVICES NOTICE FOR PLANNED SUSPENSION OF WATER SUPPLY To be given 4 clear working days in advance DURATION OF PLANNED SUSPENSION OF WATER SUPPLY 97% within 8 hours REPLYING APPLICATION FOR WATER SUPPLY TO NEW BUILDING PROJECTS 20 clear working days W201378E

ACCOUNT RELATED SERVICES TAKING UP OF ACCOUNT 7 clear working days by post or Fax 15 minutes in person or by telephone ISSUE OF FINAL BILL UPON CLOSURE OF ACCOUNT 3 clear working days by post REFUND OF WATER DEPOSIT 9 clear working days W201379E

ACCOUNT RELATED SERVICES APPLICATION OF METER TEST 8 clear working days APPLICATION FOR AUTOPAY SERVICE 3 clear working days (excluding the one month processing time required by banks) W201380E

CUSTOMER LIAISON GROUP OBJECTIVES : To provide a channel of communication on customers' needs and expectation of standard of services provided by WSD. To solicit suggestions and comments for improving the services of WSD. W201381E

COMPOSITION OF THE GROUP CHAIRMAN DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF WATER SUPPLIES MEMBERS 18 DOMESTIC CUSTOMERS 7 NON-DOMESTIC CUSTOMERS 5 GUEST MEMBERS W201382E

CUSTOMER ENQUIRY CHANNELS CUSTOMER ENQUIRY CENTRES Web Site Address : http://www.wsd.gov.hk E-mail : wsdinfo@wsd.gov.hk CUSTOMER TELEPHONE ENQUIRY CENTRE Telephone number : 2824 5000 Being operated from 16 August 1999 W201383E

LOCATIONS OF CUSTOMER ENQUIRY CENTRES SHENZHEN NEW TERRITORIES TAI PO TUEN MUN SHA TIN MONG KOK KOWLOON LANTAU ISLAND WAN CHAI HONG KONG LOCATION PLAN W201384E

CURRENT MAJOR PROJECTS REPLACEMENT AND REHABILITATION OF WATER MAINS Stage 1 Phase 1 Stage 1 Phase 2 Length of Mains (km) Target Completion Estimated Cost (Billion $) 350 Dec 2008 2.43 250 Mar 2010 1.34 Stage 2 750 Jun 2011 3.21 Stage 3 800 Dec 2013 5.61 Stage 4 Phase 1 Stage 4 Phase 2 500 Dec 2015 6.46 350 Dec 2015 4.51 Total 3000 -- 23.56 W201385E

CURRENT MAJOR PROJECTS Expansion of the TP WTW and the ancillary raw water and fresh water transfer facilities Stage 1 To increase the capacity from 250 000 m 3 to 400 000 m 3 per day, which was completed in Dec 2011. Stage 2 To increase the capacity from 400 000 m 3 to 800 000 m 3 per day. Construction has commenced in 2013 for commissioning in May 2017 Estimated Cost: HK$3.25 billions W201386E

CURRENT MAJOR PROJECTS In-situ reprovisioning of ST WTW (south works) At the Design Stage Capacity : 550 000 m 3 per day Estimated Cost : HK$6.6 billions (price at Sep 2013) W201387E

THE WAY FORWARD Improving waste detection technique and leakage control to reduce unaccounted-for-water. Automation of plant for better efficiency, e.g. SCADA Systems for supply network. W201388E

THE WAY FORWARD More public relation initiatives to improve WSD's public image and customers' knowledge and confidence in water supply service. Implementation of underground asset management plan. Development of surface asset management plan. Implementation of Total Water Management programme. W201389E

THE WAY FORWARD Promoting grey water reuse and rainwater harvesting. Development of vertical-axis turbine for power generation in distribution mains. Expansion of sea water supply system. Exploring desalination as an alternative source. W201390E

THANK YOU W201391E