Golden Research Thoughts

Vol 4 Issue 3 Sept 2014 ISSN No :2231-5063 ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Golden Research Thoughts Chief Editor Dr.Tukaram Narayan Shinde Publisher Mrs.Laxmi Ashok Yakkaldevi Associate Editor Dr.Rajani Dalvi Honorary Mr.Ashok Yakkaldevi

Welcome to GRT RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595 ISSN No.2231-5063 Golden Research Thoughts Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English, Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed referred by members of the editorial board.readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes government and industry with research interest in the general subjects. Flávio de São Pedro Filho Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Kamani Perera Regional Center For Strategic Studies, Sri Lanka Janaki Sinnasamy Librarian, University of Malaya Romona Mihaila Spiru Haret University, Romania Delia Serbescu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Romania Anurag Misra DBS College, Kanpur International Advisory Board Mohammad Hailat Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Carolina Aiken Abdullah Sabbagh Engineering Studies, Sydney Ecaterina Patrascu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Loredana Bosca Spiru Haret University, Romania Fabricio Moraes de Almeida Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil George - Calin SERITAN Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi Hasan Baktir English Language and Literature Department, Kayseri Ghayoor Abbas Chotana Dept of Chemistry, Lahore University of Management Sciences[PK] Anna Maria Constantinovici AL. I. Cuza University, Romania Ilie Pintea, Spiru Haret University, Romania Xiaohua Yang PhD, USA...More Titus PopPhD, Partium Christian University, Oradea,Romania Editorial Board Pratap Vyamktrao Naikwade Iresh Swami ASP College Devrukh,Ratnagiri,MS India Ex - VC. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Patil Head Geology Department Solapur University,Solapur Rama Bhosale Prin. and Jt. Director Higher Education, Panvel Salve R. N. Department of Sociology, Shivaji University,Kolhapur N.S. Dhaygude Ex. Prin. Dayanand College, Solapur Narendra Kadu Jt. Director Higher Education, Pune K. M. Bhandarkar Praful Patel College of Education, Gondia Sonal Singh Vikram University, Ujjain Rajendra Shendge Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Yalikar Director Managment Institute, Solapur Umesh Rajderkar Head Humanities & Social Science YCMOU,Nashik S. R. Pandya Head Education Dept. Mumbai University, Mumbai Govind P. Shinde Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance Education Center, Navi Mumbai Chakane Sanjay Dnyaneshwar Arts, Science & Commerce College, Indapur, Pune Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya Secretary,Play India Play,Meerut(U.P.) G. P. Patankar Alka Darshan Shrivastava S. D. M. Degree College, Honavar, Karnataka Shaskiya Snatkottar Mahavidyalaya, Dhar Maj. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary Director,Hyderabad AP India. S.Parvathi Devi Ph.D.-University of Allahabad Sonal Singh, Vikram University, Ujjain Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur - 413 005 Maharashtra, India Cell : 9595 359 435, Ph No: 02172372010 Email: ayisrj@yahoo.in Website: www.aygrt.isrj.net Rahul Shriram Sudke Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore S.KANNAN Annamalai University,TN Satish Kumar Kalhotra Maulana Azad National Urdu University

Golden Research Thoughts ISSN 2231-5063 Impact Factor : 2.2052(UIF) Volume-4 Issue-3 Sept-2014 Available online at www.aygrt.isrj.net GRT ROLE OF SELF HELP GROUP ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DINDIGUL DISTRICT - TAMIL NADU T. Thileepan and K. Soundararajan Assistant Professor, Dept. of Business Administration, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar. Associate Professor, Management Wing, DDE, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar. Abstract:-This paper studies about the Self Help Groups (SHGs) in order to empower women and bring them into the mainstream of out social system. The Self Help Group movement in India has created a revolution leading to their social, economic and political empowerment of women. Bank linkage programme aimed at providing a cost effective mechanism for providing financial services to the unreached poor. Based on the philosophy of peer pressure and group savings as collateral substitute the SHG programme has been successful is not only in meeting peculiar needs of the rural poor, but also in strengthening collective self help capacities of the poor at the local level leading to their empowerment. Keywords:Self Help Groups (SHGs), Women Empowerment, economic and political empowerment INTRODUCTION Self Help Group is a group of rural poor having homogeneous background and interest and voluntarily joining together with intent to carry on, saving and credit operations and other economic activities for mutual benefit. Since independence, the Government of India and state government have been taking various measures to improve the standard of living and economic position of women. In India women's empowerment is a home grown model for empowerment and poverty alleviation with a strong emphasis on savings and credit facilities to its members. Of the 25 crore people who live in absolute poverty, 70 per cent are women. For these women, poverty does not mean scarcity and want. It means rights denied, opportunities curtailed and voices silenced. The majority of women lack assets that help contribute to their empowerment and well being; economic independence through self employment and entrepreneurial development must be paid attention to because of this factors, the model of self help group came up in large scale. Self Help Group is a trust, belief and conviction that the community has on resources that can be mobilized for meeting individual's local needs and that of community for making local improvement and bringing about social change. Self Help Groups are working in a funds, bank loan repayment, social and community action programme. REVIEW OF LITERATURE: Jayalakshmi.K (2002) had made a study on Women's empowerment through SHGs. One of the major findings that reveals in his study was that almost all the members of SHG had developed a habt of savings compared to the saving habits of pre-shg situation. Besides, the S. Rajamohan (2003) stated that the SHG also enhances the quality T. Thileepan and K. Soundararajan, ROLE OF SELF HELP GROUP ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DINDIGUL DISTRICT - TAMIL NADU, Online & Print 1

life. B. Vijayachandra Pillai and V. Harikumar (2006) stated that the very existence of SHGs is highly relevant to make the people of below poverty line hopeful and self reliant. SHGs enable to increase their income their standard of living and status in society to the main stream ultimately, the nation reaps the advantages of socialism. Lalitha. M (2003) conducted and Social Change with the objective to study the improved status and quality improved status and quality of life of poor women and children and the involvement of community in planning. study a sample of 1.5 per cent out of 2.19 lakh Self Help Groups in Andhra Pradesh was taken. It is observed that the self interest and self motivation would go a long way for the sustenance of the groups. The rate of illiteracy can be further reduced through existing programmes. SHGs- emphasized on the importance of the promotion of SHGs, involvements of voluntary agencies for encouraging the activities. Mahendra Verman. P. (2005) in a paper Impact of Self Help Groups on Formal Banking Habits, makes a model attempt to examine the growth of self help groups wither there is association between and the increase in female bank depsoite accounts and whether self help groups have a tendency to influence account holding in formal banks among individual households. The analysis also reveals that being members in Self Help Groups and more importantly having leadership experience in Self Help Groups greatly influence the bank account holdings. EDA Rural system and APMAS (2006) found out that women members got politically empowered after joining the groups and in every five SHGs, there was a women member who was either a ward member. Ledavathi and Aradhana (2006) revealed that women are economically empowered after joining self help group. Anitha and Revenkar (2007) made an attempt to rural development through micro credit, the growth of SHGs from 1992-93 to 2003-04, and agency wise SHGs linked on March 31, 2004. They concluded that the success of SHGs not only improved the economic status of women and also brought lot of changes in their social status. U.K. Teke and S.B.Sanap (2010), noted that after independence various poverty alleviation programmes implemented have not yielded and diresed result an innovative approach called micro credit can prove to be master key to open to development of poor's. NABARD had set up itself ambition of providing micro finance services to 1/3 of rural poor through linking one million SHG. It achieved its mission in 3 years. Now its aim is to cover 225 million poor by providing financial assistance to SHG by the year 2010. K. Govindarajan and K. Mayandi (2011) noted in the broader concept play an active role in social and commercial transformation, income generation and other development activities. As a medium for social action, SHG movement in India through financial intermediation may in time reduction of poverty. With appropriate market support strategies, the membes could effectively build enterprises as a source of their employment and income financial source, if effectively delivered to women may help them make a meaningful improvement in their economic and social condition and reduce gender inequality in rural areas. Thus women were socially, economically and politically empowered after joining self help groups. S. Venkateshmurthy and G.M. Dinesh (2009) noted that the SHGs organizing women, developing leadership qualities among women, mobilizing savings and involving women in various income generating activities. Further it evidence, that SHG are an important instrument to alleviate poverty in general and women poverty in particular. SHG helped women to improve their socio-economic status which leads to economic empowerment process. Anand (2002), in his discussion, paper titled Self Help Groups in empowering women; case study of selected self help groups and neighbourhood groups gives a view of progress of self help groups. She has attempted to examine the performance of selected self help group and NHGs and to assess its impact, especially the impact of micro credit programme on empowering women. It has been clearly established that delivering credit alone may not produce the desired impact. The supporting services and structures through which credit is delivered from group formation and training to awareness raising and a wide range of other supporting measures are critical to make the impact of group activity strong and sustainable. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The main objectives of this studies are 1.To find out the benefit through SHG. 2.To study about level of satisfaction of members in Self Help Group. 3.To analyse pattern on self help group members. 4.To study the socio-economic background of the SHG members. METHODOLOGY This study was carried out in Dindigul district of Tamil Nadu. The main reason behind selecting this district 2

is very high when compare to all other districts, then the in this district, the number of training programme which are conducted exclusively for women self help group members are very high by Gandhigram Rural Institute which is x located near Dindigul. The study was carried out by primary data and secondary data. interview schedule method. Secondary data like NGO booklets, NABARD journals, RBI bulletin, Tamil Nadu government Mahalir Thittam report, internet and books. Percentage analysis table were constructed for the purposes of analysis the data. Simple convenient sampling method is used to select the respondents. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results of this study are given below with elaborate discussion for various demographic variables like age, income, educational qualification, marital status, family size etc. Table -1 clearly shows that maximum number of respondents are belongs to the Table 1 Age wise respondent S.No. Age No. of Respondent Percent 1. <25 years 3 6.0 2. 26-35 25 50.0 3. 36-45 15 30.0 4. 46-55 5 10 5. >55 2 4 thirty percent 36-45 years. Only four percent of the respondents are above 55 years of age. Table : 2 clearly shows that the majority of the respondent have studied majority of the respondent have studied primary standard level (34%) followed by thirty percent of the respondents have studied upto 10th standard level. Table 2 Educational Qualification of Respondents S.No. Educational Qualification No. of Respondents Percent 1. Illiterate 7 14 2. Primary Standard 17 34 3. 10 th standard level 15 30 4. 12 th standard level 8 16 5. Degree (or) diploma level 3 6 Only six per cent of respondents have completed degree (or) diploma level. Table-3 clearly says that 68% of respondents belongs to married group followed by 16% of respondents are from unmarried group. Only 10 per cent and 6 percentage of respondents are belongs to divorced and widower group. 3

Table 3 Marital Status of Respondents S.No. Particular No. of Respondents Percent 1. Married 34 68.0 2. Unmarried 8 16.0 3. Divorced 5 10.0 4. Widower 3 6.0 Table :4 clearly says that 54 per cent of the respondents are belongs to nuclear family system and 46% of the respondents are belongs to joint family system. Table:5 stated that 54% of the respondents have one (or) two dependents followed by 26 per cent respondents have three (or) four dependents, only twenty percent of respondents have 5 to 7 dependents. Table:6 stated that economic empowerment of women members of the monthly income before and after joining in the SHG, nearly 50 per cent of respondents are earning less than Rs.5000 followed by thirty percent of the respondents are earning Rs.5001-8000 only twenty per cent of the respondents. Table -4 Family Type S.No. Particular No. of Respondents Percent 1. Nuclear Family 27 54.0 2. Joint Family 23 46.0 Are earning Rs.8001-10,000 followed by 105 of the respondentsd are earning more than Rs.10,000 per month. Table.7 stated members of the monthly savings before and after joining SHG. Table 5 No. of dependents of the respondents S.No. Particular No. of Respondents Percent 1. 1-2 person 27 54.0 2. 3-4 13 26.0 3. 5-7 10 20.0 Before joining SHG, nearly 50% of the respondents had saved only less than 2000 rupees per month followed by thirty per cent of the respondent had saved only Rs.2001-3000 per month. Then five per cent of respondents had saved Rs.3001-4000 per month followed by five per cent of respondents had saved Rs.4001-5000 per month. But after joining self help group, the group members savings habits has raised positively. Nearly, sixty percent of the respondents are saving Rs.2001-3000 per month followed by 20 per cent of the respondents are savings Rs.3001-4000 and remaining 20% of the respondents are saving Rs.4001-5000 permonth. Table-7 clearly shows about economic empowerment of women members of the monthly savings before and after joining self help group. Before joining SHG the majority of the respondent (50 per cent) of rupees less than 2000, followed by 30 per cent respondent were savings potential of Rs.2001-3000 only. But after joining trend had changed completely like (60 per cent) savings potential of Rs.2001-3000 followed by 20 per cent respondents are savings potential of Rs.3001-4000 remaining 20% of the respondents are savings Rs.4001-5000 per month. Table-7 clearly shows about economic empowerment of women members of the monthly savings before and after joining Before joining SHG the (50 per cent) were savings potential of Rupees less than 2000, followed by 30 per cent respondent were savings potential of Rs.2001-3000 only. But after joining the trend had changed completely like (60 per cent) savings potential of Rs.2001-3000 followed by 20 per cent of Rs.3001-4000 and 4001-5000 respectively. 4

S. No. S. No. SUGGESTIONS Table: 6 Economic empowerment of women members of the monthly income before and after joining SHG Table: 7 Economic empowerment of women members of the monthly Savings before and after joining SHGs. 1.Since majority of the women were ignorant about their legal rights. So the union government as well as concerned state government a should conduct the awareness programmes in all rural areas to educate their rights. 2.The government should take appropriate steps to avoid any exploitation of self help members by middle men and other market intermediaries. 3.The concerned government and central government should procure some of the products (or) services provided by self help group on priority basis to enhance their better living conditions. 4.In order to improve the women empowerment, female literacy level should be promoted. 5.Voluntary agencies and non-government organization should provide helping hand to market their products and services by the way of arranging exhibitions, fair, college bazzar and rural bazzar. 6.In many the same person is continuing in the offices as groups secretary. So we should give equal chance for all members of the groups to acts as secretary. CONCLUSION It is concluded that women are now participating in all productive activities and are on per with men. SHG members savings are increased to the desirable extent which automatically increase the purchasing power and increase the standard of living the thereby enhance the empowerment of women. The SHG movement in Tamil Nadu has been working in the right direction, but it is necessary to further empowerment of women in social, economical, political and cultural for the interest of the family in particular and the nation in general. REFERENCES: Particular Before joining SHGs No. of Respondents Percent After Joining SHGs 1. -operatives, vol.14, No.8. 2.Tamil Nadu Journal of Cooperatives, Vol.25, No.14, pp.34-37. 3.EDA rural systems and APMAS (2006). Self Help Groups in India. A study of light and shades, A joint initiative of CARE, CRS and GTZ, New Delhi. 4.Leelavathi and Aradhana (2006). A study on problems of women entrepreneurs, Social empowerment of local No. of Respondents 1. <5000 25 50.00 - - Percent 2. 5001-8000 15 30.00 30 60.0 3. 8001-10000 10 20.0 15 30.0 4. >10,000 - - 5 10.0 Particular 50 100 Before joining SHGs No. of Respondents Percent After Joining SHGs No. of Respondents 1. <2000 25 50.0 - - Percent 2. 2001-3000 15 30.0 30 60.0 3. 3001-4000 5 10.0 10 20.0 4. 4001-5000 5 10.0 10 20.0 50 100 5

people self journal of social science, vol.3, April-June, pp.no.6-9. 5.Vekateshmurthy. S. and Dinesh. G.M. (2009). Women Empowerment through SHG-An analysis, journal of social science, vol.1, April-June, pp.no.32-35. 6.Take U.K and Sanap. S.B. (2010). Micro-finance A tool of poverty eradication, Journal of social science, vol.i, April-June, pp. No.47-49. 7.Jayalakshmi, K. (2002). Empowerment of Women in Panchayats Experience of Andhra Pradesh, Journal of Rural Development, vol.16, No.2, pp.34-37. 8.Lalitha.M (2003). Rural Women Development Empowerment and Development Banking, New Delhi, Kanishka Publishers. 6

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