Indian Streams Research Journal

Transcription

1 Vol 5 Issue 9 Oct 2015 ISSN No : ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Indian Streams Research Journal Executive Editor Ashok Yakkaldevi Editor-in-Chief H.N.Jagtap

2 Welcome to ISRJ RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595 ISSN No Indian Streams Research Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English, Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed referred by members of the editorial board.readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes government and industry with research interest in the general subjects. International Advisory Board Flávio de São Pedro Filho Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Kamani Perera Regional Center For Strategic Studies, Sri Lanka Janaki Sinnasamy Librarian, University of Malaya Romona Mihaila Spiru Haret University, Romania Delia Serbescu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Romania Anurag Misra DBS College, Kanpur Titus PopPhD, Partium Christian University, Oradea,Romania Mohammad Hailat Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Carolina Aiken Abdullah Sabbagh Engineering Studies, Sydney Ecaterina Patrascu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Loredana Bosca Spiru Haret University, Romania Fabricio Moraes de Almeida Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil George - Calin SERITAN Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi Editorial Board Hasan Baktir English Language and Literature Department, Kayseri Ghayoor Abbas Chotana Dept of Chemistry, Lahore University of Management Sciences[PK] Anna Maria Constantinovici AL. I. Cuza University, Romania Ilie Pintea, Spiru Haret University, Romania Xiaohua Yang PhD, USA...More Pratap Vyamktrao Naikwade Iresh Swami ASP College Devrukh,Ratnagiri,MS India Ex - VC. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Patil Head Geology Department Solapur University,Solapur Rama Bhosale Prin. and Jt. Director Higher Education, Panvel Salve R. N. Department of Sociology, Shivaji University,Kolhapur N.S. Dhaygude Ex. Prin. Dayanand College, Solapur Narendra Kadu Jt. Director Higher Education, Pune K. M. Bhandarkar Praful Patel College of Education, Gondia Sonal Singh Vikram University, Ujjain Rajendra Shendge Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Yalikar Director Managment Institute, Solapur Umesh Rajderkar Head Humanities & Social Science YCMOU,Nashik S. R. Pandya Head Education Dept. Mumbai University, Mumbai Govind P. Shinde Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance Education Center, Navi Mumbai Chakane Sanjay Dnyaneshwar Arts, Science & Commerce College, Indapur, Pune Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya Secretary,Play India Play,Meerut(U.P.) G. P. Patankar Alka Darshan Shrivastava S. D. M. Degree College, Honavar, Karnataka Shaskiya Snatkottar Mahavidyalaya, Dhar Maj. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary Director,Hyderabad AP India. S.Parvathi Devi Ph.D.-University of Allahabad Sonal Singh, Vikram University, Ujjain Rahul Shriram Sudke Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore S.KANNAN Annamalai University,TN Satish Kumar Kalhotra Maulana Azad National Urdu University Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur Maharashtra, India Cell : , Ph No: [email protected] Website:

3 Indian Streams Research Journal Impact Factor : (UIF) ISSN Volume - 5 Issue - 9 Oct SYNOPSIS IS THE MIRROR OF THE RESEARCH WORK: PREPARATION FOR SYNOPSIS Kanchan Dattatraya Mulay Asst. Professor, Department of Computer Science, V. S. S. College, Jalna. ABSTRACT Preparation of synopsis in research methodology plays pivotal role in research methodology. Synopsis gives a fine outline about the research paper, methods used for performing the research and the research methodology itself. This paper is about the importance of preparing the synopsis, the contents of the paper give detailing about the steps involved in preparation of synopsis for a project or research work. As it is the link between the reader and the research work, it should be crafted with care, it should consist of all major points of the project, which gives a fine idea about the researcher s effort in his/her respective field. ªThis paper will give reader an idea about- ªDefinition of synopsis ªWriting or preparing synopsis for a research work, ªImportance of preparing a good synopsis in a research field ªBasic guidelines for preparing a good synopsis KEYWORDS :research methodology, study of materials and sources, theoretical model. INTRODUCTION: While preparing this paper for research Methodology, I came across many interesting definitions of Research and Research Methodology some of them say- A research is- Researchthe systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. As the definition suggests, 'research' in itself is a deep study, an investigation to find out some interesting facts from existing resources 1

4 And 'research methodology' is about- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY- Methodology is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study. It comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of knowledge. Typically, it encompasses concepts such as paradigm, theoretical model, phases and quantitative or qualitative techniques. ªWhich means digging even deeper in the field of your interest. But with a systematic and analytical approach ªResearch Methodology' helps us to identify and perform Quantitative and qualitative study (Analysis) of a research topic ªIt defines a structure or parameters for research ªIn reality it is a way to study the different methods of performing research on a stream of knowledge/ or work. ªThe goal of research methodology is deepen the understanding of the respective field and discovering some unknown and vital aspects of that field. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDYthe following are the objectives of current research 1.To know and understand about synopsis 2.To understand the importance of preparing synopsis while writing a research paper 3.How to write a good synopsis RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The present study mostly depends upon primary and secondary data. For the current study the researcher collected data from various books, websites, newspapers, journals of national and international level. Preparation of Synopsis Now let us get back to our main topic preparation of synopsis #Introduction- What is synopsis? A synopsis is a brief summary of the major points of a subject or written work or story, either as prose or as a table; an abridgment or condensation of a work. This document provides guidelines for preparing a research synopsis (and indirectly of the final report of your work that will be presented at the end of your research program). The research synopsis is the plan for your research project. It provides the rationale for the research, the research objectives, the proposed methods for data collection and recording formats and/or questionnaires and interview guides. The synopsis is based on the information provided by the supervisor(s) and by secondary sources of information. In the final report you will present the results of your data collection and elaboration, with the What are the Objectives of writing synopsis? In order to clarify your thoughts about the purpose of your thesis and how you plan to reach 2

5 your research goals, you should prepare a synopsis. A synopsis is a short, systematic outline of your proposed thesis, made in preparation for your first meeting with your supervisor. It serves to ensure that your supervisor gets a clear picture of your proposed project and allows him or her to spot whether there are gaps or things that you have not taken into account. Your synopsis will work as a kind of protocol for the further steps you need to take to ensure that your thesis reaches the required academic level and that you finish on time. Synopsis is the first document of any research work. It should be taken into consideration that this document is the 'first impression' of the researcher and his/her research work. Therefore it should be crafted with care Your research document should necessarily have the milestones of your research project. That is its time estimation, cost estimation and a clear plan of your research And most importantly your synopsis should be able to present the idea of your research in a clear manner so it strikes the chord with the reader without arising any conflicts in the reader's mind #Preparation of synopsis A good synopsis should cover the following points in order to be a 'perfect outline' of the research material- as my topic says- it should be a mirror of the research methodology ªTitle ªAbstract ªIndex ªIntroduction ªBackground of your research ªMethods and methodology used or applied in your research ªResearch project milestones (time plan) ªBibliography (references) IMPORTANCE OF TITLE IN PREPARATION OF SYNOPSIS- It is said that title is summary of the summary. It targets at what exactly we are going to read it is an insight to the following text. A title given during the preparation of synopsis remains unchanged for the research work too! Actually title is an element which catches the interest of the reader. Your title should be such that it attracts the right reader. That is it should be relevant to your thesis and also interesting! Imagine a thriller novel with a sad title- will you choose to read it to get thrills?? Definitely no!! because the sad title makes a presumption in our mind of a sad story amd we don't choose to read it. Therefore while you choose a title for your research work, keep in mind two things- 1. Relevance of the title to your research work 2. It should generate the interest of your readers #Example- 3

6 Remember the story of Mark Inglis?? The great mountaineer?? The title of the story was 'climb every mountain' Mark Inglis was a mountaineer who lost both his legs in a snow storm, but did not give up his spirit! He got wooden legs fixed and after 15 years climbed mount Everest with those wooden legs The story is about overcoming every difficulty and the title 'climb every mountain' suits perfectly it explains Mark Inglis overcoming every difficulty of life and profession the mountains in the title denotes difficulties Mark Inglis faced- some small, some big. Abstract The word 'abstract' means brief. An abstract of a research paper summarizes the purpose and content of research. It gives the reader an idea of the research and the purpose of the research. It is an essential content in the synopsis As we know synopsis in itself is a brief summary of the project, the abstract carries the essence of synopsis An abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject or discipline, and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper's purpose. Academic literature uses the abstract to succinctly communicate complex research. An abstract may act as a stand-alone entity instead of a full paper. As such, an abstract is used by many organizations as the basis for selecting research that is proposed for presentation in the form of a poster, platform/oral presentation or workshop presentation at an academic conference. Most literature database search engines index only abstracts rather than providing the entire text of the paper. Full texts of scientific papers must often be purchased because of copyright and/or publisher fees and therefore the abstract is a significant selling point for the reprint or electronic form of the full text Example Project Title- A gen2+ based authentication protocol for security & privacy. Abstract- Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) uses tags which contain electronic product code (EPC).This EPC is sent to reader without any guard. Invading this EPC, results in various RFID security threats. Security plays a vital role in various RFID applications. In order to provide security, several protocols are developed based on traditional encryption methods, such as cryptographic and hash functions. However, they do not pave way for low cost RFID tags. Based on Gen2, an authentication protocol for security and privacy is proposed for low-cost RFID tags. This protocol is based on Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) and Hamming Distance Calculation in order to achieve reader-to-tag authentication and the memory read command is used to achieve tag-to-reader authentication. It will resist against tracing and cloning attacks in the most efficient way (based on the project work,made by Kanchan Mulay (author) during MCA project) Index Using index in your research synopsis is not a compulsion. In fact it depends upon your research subject to whether or not to give an index, but generally writing or say assigning an index to a 4oo-500 pages long research work is a good idea, as an index saves time in finding out exactly what we want. An 4

7 index is an information of what is where? In computer language it is a 'metadata' that is- data about data. An index generally serves the purpose of saving time and pin pointing the exact topic For example, consider reading the hardware and software requirements of the project RFID protocol, the index will definitely prove helpful Ø 1 ØProforma Ø 2 ØTitle & abstract Ø 3 ØIntroduction Ø 4 ØObjectives of the project Role of Introduction in synopsis Introduction is an important aspect of research and in general any document. The introduction in synopsis gives us all important answers about the project like ªWhy the researcher has chosen this topic? ªWhat is the aim of the research? ªWhat is the scope of the research? etc. The introduction part is also important because the researcher can give an idea or intro of his / her research work to even those who are completely new to the topic, or field A good introduction is the key for good research work since it will keep readers connected with the views of the researcher and also the research work. Especially for people who are not related to the field of your research introduction provides a good interface and will the serve the purpose of bridging the gap of the new fields and the readers INTRODUCTION - EXAMPLE An accurate estimate of forest productivity is one of the most fundamental requirements for forest managers and researchers planning forest management and research activities to attain the goal of near natural forest management. Site index models offer the managers and researchers a cost effective tool to determine the growth pattern of a particular species on a particular site. These models can be used to determine the forest product yield, to evaluate the alternative silvicultural systems and treatments on the basis of cost and benefit, to predict the structural changes in the stand for a relatively longer period of time (Vanclay, 1994). The usefulness of site index models are, therefore, not only limited to the academic or research domain of modern forestry, but can also be used as a readymade tool to estimate the site productivity (Vanclay, 1994; Nord -Larsen, 2006; Skovsgaard and Vanclay, 2008). Although application of forest models or site index functions dates backs more than a century, forest modelling approaches have not followed shifts in forest management objectives in global and Danish forestry. A review of the Danish forest management history reveals shifts in forest management objectives from sustained yield (1760s to 1980s) to sustainable multiple functions (after 1990s). Up till now most forest models have mainly been based on homogenous stands of commercial plantations and have aimed at estimation of productivity especially for commercial production of timbers. With the advent of the near natural forestry regime, forest management priorities and practices in Denmark have been redirected towards establishment of multifunctional heterogeneous forests. Therefore, new forest growth models are needed for forest management planning. New site index models that can address the structural variability of near natural forest management in Denmark are needed (Nord- Larsen, 2006; Skovsgaard and Vanclay, 2008).Based on research synopsis prepared by Bidya Nath Jha. 5

8 Background of your research Background of your research will give readers an idea about from where your research come from? Background of your research work should answer the following questions ªWhat is the reason behind choosing the research topic u chose? ªWhat is the background of your research? ªWhat preliminary study have you performed while preparing the report? ªWhat is the aim of your report? ªThe survey reports, you conducted during the research work ªHypothesis that is the possible impact of your research work, etc HYPOTHESES IN SYNOPSIS Hypotheses means the An hypothesis is a specific statement of prediction. It describes in concrete (rather than theoretical) terms what you expect will happen in your study. Not all studies have hypotheses. Sometimes a study is designed to be exploratory. There is no formal hypothesis, and perhaps the purpose of the study is to explore some area more thoroughly in order to develop some specific hypothesis or prediction that can be tested in future research. A single study may have one or many hypotheses. Hypotheses in your research will give an idea of possible outcomes of your research, derivations, and expected behavior of your research. Keep in mind that - this all is just an assumption you derived while preparing your project Methods and methodology A research project follow an overall methodology to make conclusion in relation in an overall objective The methods used in your research. What type of study is best suited to support the actions stated in the specific objectives? What kind of data (qualitative, quantitative) will your study require? What is your geographical study area and who is your target group(s)? Are there ethical considerations you have to make? Etc. Bibliography and references The sources and other research material used in development of your research work. The materials you have gone through in order to make your research. References etc should be stated or mentioned in your report. Hope the paper serves the purpose of helping readers write a good synopsis J #BIBLIOGRAPHY- AND REFERENCES 1.A Gen2 based authentication protocol for securacy and privacy (by Kanchan Mulay, author of the paper ) Various abstracts 6.The times of India (news paper) 7.News hunt (mobile app) 8.Research methodology book by C.R. Kothari. 6

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