MOODLE: A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR BUILDING OPEN ACCESS DIGITAL LIBRARY CONTENT SAROJADEVI. K Asst. Librarian Karnataka University s Karnataka college central library Dharwad, Karnataka DR. R.H. WALMIKI I/C Librarian, University Library Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka. Prof. PADMAMMA. S Professor and Chairperson, DLIS, Kuvempu University. Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka. ABSTRACT: In libraries, user is the king. Librarian should fulfill the user s information needs. ICT developments made librarian s job easier. With the internet facility the user s presence in the library gradually decreased. Cluster of information sources are available on the web, but all the information available online is not authentic and true. Hence the information on the web is virtual and but not a digital library. Since, millions of pages on the web available with various hyperlinks. User need to grasp information based on fact verification. Simply information searching on the web leads to wastage of time; confusion which may lead user to divert to different direction. However, librarians may take a step towards intranet or internet based Moodle server, preserve syllabus oriented digital collections or collect from tutors notes and can be uploaded and made available through network with authenticated access. KEYWORDS: Open source software; Moodle; digital library; open access. 1. Introduction Open access facilities till now available in traditional libraries, open access journals and open access databases; however librarians should think of distribution of digital
collections among users. Vigorous developments of ICT changed the framework of teaching, learning process as well as the future of libraries. Day to day teaching process introduced power point presentations, PDF notes and video due to ease of use and time consent. So library professionals can establish their own IT infrastructure with open sources software to preserve and manage the digital content like video lecture, audio clippings, slide presentations, PDF form of notes etc. and provide services with authentication. Moodle is a freeware install it on UBUNTU or Linux free ware customizes as per users environment. Likewise library professional can achieve open access environment for digital resources. This will avoid user time wastage and achieve accuracy by strategic search of information. 2. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE: WHAT IS IT? Free Open Source Software (FOSS), also called just Open Source or Free Software, is licensed to be free to use, modify, and distribute. Most FOSS licenses also include a kind of legal Golden Rule, requiring any changes - such as fixes and enhancements - be released under the same license. This creates the trust in developers and users that generates large, sustainable communities that grow the software over time. Getting steadily better for more than a quarter century, FOSS provides more capability, security, and sustainability at much less cost, and is increasingly the first software option for individuals and organizations alike. Moodle: Moodle (Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment) is an open-source learning management system or e-learning platform, that serves educators, learners and researcher across the globe. It is used for to create private websites with online courses for educators, trainers to achieve learning goals. It is used for blended learning, distance education, flipped classroom and other e-learning projects in schools, universities workplaces and other sectors. It is helpful and powerful open sources tool for open access establishment in a library. Moodle was developed in 2002 by Martin Dougiamas to help
educators create online courses with a focus on interaction and collaborative construction of content. Since then, the main development of Moodle is led by Martin and the core team at Moodle Headquarters, as well as hundreds of other developers around the world who have helped fuel the growth of Moodle through contributing and testing code, and being active participants in community forums.moodle has been used to createlarge, searchable collections of digital documents and toorganize metadata about the documents. In India, IIT Mumbai and IIT Kharagpur are successfully using this facility. The Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) organizes technological workshops in IITs where they provide lecture series, notes, conduct quiz to information seekers. The users in remote area can access to this information through internet. It is flexible and customizes the contents according to meet user needs. Teacher/staff can upload files, move sections and add and delete them easily with fingertips. They established open source Moodle for their open access facility for the digital resources. 3. DEPLOYMENT: Professionals can download and install Moodle on a Web server, such as Apache HTTP Server, and a number of database management systems, such as PostgreSQL or MySQL, are supported. Pre-built combinations of Moodle with a Web server and database are available for Microsoft Windows, Ubuntu, Redhat Linux or Macintosh. Other automated installation approaches exist with one-click-install. Certified Moodle Partners provide other Moodle services, including hosting, training, customization and content development. This network provides support development of the Moodle project through royalties. 4. OPEN ACCESS INITIATIVES:
The ongoing technological and information revolution presents us new challenges on a number of fronts on a daily basis. The concept of open access is a term commonly used for a movement that promotes free availability and unrestricted use of research and scholarly articles. Open-access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge to the reader, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions, so there are no price barriers and no permission barriers. 4.1 PREFERENCES OF OPEN ACCESS: Many Open Access advocates support this unrestricted access because they believe the results of tax-payer funded research should be shared; since citizens have paid for this research, they should be able to access it at no additional charge. Many OA advocates also support unrestricted access because knowledge itself, or information, is a public good. Hence Universities or academic e-learning information resources can be preserved in a single server can be distributed through network. Researchers specifically prefer digital resources in open access since it has got mobility, concurrent access, less time, efficiency and authenticated data. 4.2 OPEN ACCESS HAS BEEN DRIVEN BY SEVERAL FORCES: The web offers new methods of publication: it makes distribution of research easier, wider, faster, and frequently less expensive. The web offers new outlets and methods for sharing and using research and for supporting teaching, creating demand for an access model that allows faculty and universities to take full advantage of these new outlets and methods or in institutional or discipline-based repositories for research Some supporters believe that open access
will address entrenched problems with high prices and strict use and purchase terms faced by universities buying traditional journals in digital form. Case study review reveals about open access, one model that exists is for there to be a payment when the author submits an article. Usually this charge to publish an open access article is covered by research grant funds. In 2004, one study by Elsevier found that this author side payment model encompassed just 17% of open access journals. In an updated study in 2007, BillHooker did a surveyof all known open access journals and found that only 18% charged fees. The open access publisher BioMed Central offers a table comparing such author side payments. Other economic models are also being experimented with. For example, some new open access publishers, such as the for-profit BioMed Central, require author payments, but these are waived for institutions that ve purchased a membership, as the MIT Libraries have for MIT. In other cases, such as the not-for-profit PLoS(Public Library of Science), the MIT Libraries institutional membership reduces the publication fee for MIT faculty and researchers. Other titles are subsidized, often by scholarly societies, institutions, or foundations. The 2004 Elsevier study found that government or university subsidies accounted for 55% of the total open access titles, the largest portion. The remaining open access titles (28%) that were not supported by author side payments, or by government or universities, were found to be subsidized by paid subscriptions to their print equivalents. Some journals are entirely open access; every article is available without restriction. Other journals are hybrid in that they are traditional subscription-based journals, but offer authors the choice to pay a fee to make their individual article freely accessible to anyone worldwide. The other articles in the journal remain accessible only through subscription.
Some publishers offer all their titles under one kind of open access policy, and others have different policies for different titles. In 2006, the MIT Press launched its first entirely open access journal, Information Technologies and International Development. 4.3 ADVANTAGES OF OPEN ACCESS OF DIGITAL RESOURCES WITH MOODLE Low cost of ownership: Moodle itself freeware and can be installed on UBUNTU or REDHAT Linux server it is also open sources. Strategic search: Instead of unwanted information, it is efficient do exact and required information. Mobility: Can be accessible through Mobile devices like Mobiles, E-book reader, tablets. Maintenance free: No need to renewing the license. Review and constant maintenance. High level of Security: Customized to only authenticated users can access information access unless not like open access journals. User log or system logs can be easily traced and cab be analyzed. Monitoring: User monitoring is easy. Ability for customized to your needs. Round the clock availability major advantage of digital libraries is that people can gain access 24/7 to the information. Multiple accesses: The same resources can be used concurrently by a number of institutions and users. This may the case of what librarians created but not the case of traditional library of preserved information resources. Copyrighted material: a library may have a license for "lending out" only one copy at a time; this is achieved with a system of digital rights management where a resource can become inaccessible after expiration of the lending period or after the lender chooses to make it inaccessible (equivalent to returning the resource).
4.4 DISADVANTAGES: Difficult to integrate with human resource systems. Inefficient use of space in the user interface. Lack of integration with student management systems. 5. CONCLUSION: Digital resources have become an integral part of modern libraries for research and teaching. To access the digital resources you need to pay and subscribe which is difficult due to budgetary constraints. The only possible solution is to adoption of open source software s which are freely available. Open access has become an important initiative worldwide for the comprehensive access of scholarly articles worldwide by the users. Moodle can be to provide links directly to the resources that will be most useful for the students whether e-library resources, staff notes and student s assignments etc. Moodle as a learning platform can enhance existing learning environments. REFERENCE: 1. http://www.freeopensourcesoftware.org 2. (https://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open-access) 3. (https://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open-access) 4. Suraweera, Namali(2010): Implementation of E-Iearning on Library and Information Science in Sri Lanka:Thanks to Moodie, 20IO 4th International Conference on Distance Learning and Education (ICDLE) 5. Heradio,Ruben and etal(2014): Making EJS Applications at the OSP Digital Library Available From Moodle, 2014 11th International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV)