Communication between contactless readers and fare media Round Table on Mobile NFC in Public Transport - December 5 th 2013 Par délégation d'afnor / On behalf of AFNOR Bureau de normalisation des transports, des routes et de leurs aménagements Bureau of standardization for transport, roads and their facilities
Contactless interoperability in Transit industry To ensure interoperability between contactless readers and objects, different industry segments have defined implementation specifications and proprietary test methods for contactless interface: EMVCo Book D for the payment industry NFC Forum Analog and Digital Technical specifications for NFC devices But nothing defined and matching transit expectations: A strong willingness to rely on ISO/IEC 14443 specifications and on ISO/IEC 10373-6 test methods A need to possibily complement those generic and cross industry standards to cope with transit specificities A wish to establish an approach independent from ticketign application The possibility to accept contactless objects/readers coming from others industries : NFC Phone in Card emulation mode for transit ticket emulation Contactless payment cards for paying at the gate NFC phone in reader mode for tag reading or transit card top up This had led to a standardization initative in CEN TC278 SG3 WG5 - Interoperable Fare Management systems 2
Introduction to the CEN TC 278 initiative A bit of history: Initiative kicked off by France in 2011 under AFIMB aegis with main industry stakeholders : Ticketing equipment & card vendors, testing labs, telecoms, payment and transit associations (AFSCM, GIE CB, GART, UTP, CNA) CEN Work Item activation mid 2013 with 8 countries : Austria, Belgium, Germany, France, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, United Kingdom Publication of 2 Technical Specifications: Implementation requirements Test plan Media Ticketing Application Reader Validation Application Scope of work Contactless Layer ISO/IEC 14 443 Contactless Layer Work achieved in liaison with others standardization bodies ISO/IEC JTC1 SC17 WG8 (ISO/IEC 14443 & ISO/IEC 10373-6 series editors) GSMA : Handset Test handbook makes already reference to the AFIMB preliminary work NFC Forum Transport Special Interest Group 3
Timeline and contents of the publications A 2 step approach : Edition 1 Implementation choices among ISO/IEC14443 options Specific RF requirements for preparing the acceptance of NFC phone and smart objects No requirements preventing a compliance of transit readers or media with EMVCo Book D Test Plan complementing ISO 10373-6 Committee Draft available : end 2013 CEN Publication : Q3 2014 Edition 2 : Complement for NFC Forum compliant devices Ongoing gap analysis between NFC Forum Analog/digital specs and ISO/IEC 14443 & ISO 10373-6 standards Committee Draft available : mid 2014 CEN Publication : from Q1 2015 4
Standard publication and Certification process management EU Certification process under discussion in Smart Ticketing Alliance Certification Certification Authority Certification Authority Bodies Contactless media and readers manufacturers Accredited test labs Part 1: Implementation requirements for ISO/IEC 14443 Standardization work Part 2: Test plan for ISO/IEC 14443 5
Smart Ticketing Alliance The Smart Ticketing Alliance represents a platform for cooperation and a coordinated approach for establishing ticketing interoperability for the Public Transport sector Founding Members ITSO VDV KA CNA AFIMB UITP Membership Full membership is open for national ticketing schemes and regional groups of Public Transport Authorities/Companies cooperating in the ticketing area. Associated members are welcomed 6
Certification Defining a EU wide process for warranting contactless communication interoperability between transit contactless readers and media Based on CEN TC 278 WI implementation requirements and test plan Need for certification of contactless readers and media to create trust: Certification issued by a certification body Problem: how to build such a process at the European level? Several certification bodies: These organizations accredit laboratories authorized to carry out tests according to the new CEN TC 278 Contactless Communication standards. Certification bodies issue certificates to devices" that have successfully passed tests in accredited laboratories A requirement: certificates issued by each must be recognized by others. Establishment of a group of certification bodies: ensures consistency and mutual recognition 7
Thanks for your attention! Jean-Philippe Amiel Director of Nextendis Smart ticketing expert for AFNOR / BNTRA Leader of CEN TC 278 Work Item «Communication between contactless readers and fare media Mobile: +33 6 87 70 90 40 jean-philippe.amiel@nextendis.com 8