Unit 5 Lesson 3 The Early Hebrews
Lesson 3 The Early Hebrews Directions Fill in the Blank Read each sentence. Fill in the blank with the word from the word pair that best completes each sentence. 1. After King Saul died, became the new king of Israel. (David/Solomon) 2. led the Hebrews out of Egypt, which freed them from slavery under the pharaoh. (Moses/Naomi) 3. The, a code of moral laws, has helped shape the development of Hebrew society over time. (Maccabees/Ten Commandments) 4. The Hebrews trace their ancestry back to a man named. (Abraham/Yohanan be Zaccai) 5. Following the Babylonian Captivity, many Jews scattered across the Persian Empire in what is known as the. (Diaspora/Exodus) Directions Write the term in your notebook and then write the description that best matches it. 6. Diaspora a. the religion of the Hebrews; it is the world s oldest monotheistic religion 7. Exodus b. the journey of the Hebrews, led by Moses, from Egypt to Canaan after they were freed from slavery 8. Judaism c. in the Bible, a code of moral laws given to Moses by God 9. Solomon d. the son of David who took the throne in 965 BC; he built a great temple to God in Jerusalem 10. Ten Commandments e. the scattering of the Jews outside of Cannan after the Babylonian captivity
Generalization: Leaders impact both their own people and other peoples Big Idea Originally desert nomads, the Hebrews descendants, the Israelites, established a great kingdom
Early Hebrews - herders from southwest Asia - traced back to Abraham - settled first in Canaan then in Egypt - made slaves
The Exodus - 1200s BC - Moses believed he was told by god to lead the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt - Pharaoh refused until plagues struck Egypt - led them to Mt. Sinai - received the Ten Commandments - first example of law from a divine source rather than a human one - after the Exodus, they returned to Canaan, but did not have a single central government - Evaluate Why is the Exodus a significant event in Jewish History? Jews believe it proved God loved and was protecting them. - explain How did the Ten Commandments shape Israelite life? The Israelites agreed to worship only God and to value human life, self-control and justice
New Government Type - Israelites wanted a king to face invasion from the Philistines - King Saul - 1 st king - not strong leader unsupported by tribal and religious leaders - King David - wins support after Saul s death - well loved and supported - defeated the Philistines - established the capital in Jerusalem - King Solomon - David s son - strong king - expanded the kingdom - wealth from trade - built the Temple in Jerusalem - Main Idea Why did the Israelites unite under a king? The Israelites needed a single ruler to help them band together against the invading Philistines.
- compare and contrast What did Saul, David and Solomon have in common, how did they differ? - evaluate Who do you think was the greater king, David or Solomon? Why? All kings of Israel; Saul military commander, not a strong king, not loved by all the Israelites; David military leader, strong king, well loved by the Israelite people; Solomon expanded the kingdom with trade and allies, strong king, built the great Temple
The Philistines were a seafaring people. They arrived in Canaan in the 1100s BC and settled in the south along the Mediterranean coast. The Philistines had superior weapons to the Israelites and were a serious threat until David defeated them. The modern name Palestine comes from Greek and Latin words for the Philistines. Some suspect that they may have been the Sea People
Conquered - rebellions split Israel in two - kingdoms of Israel and Judah - conquered by the Assyrians around 722 BC - taken over by the Chaldeans - destroyed Solomon s Temple in 586 BC - Jews taken as slaves to Babylon (Babylonian Captivity) - taken over by the Persian Empire - allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem - some instead moved to other parts of the empire - Diaspora - Solomon s Temple rebuilt Second Temple - rebellion led by the Maccabees in 160s BC - Jews ruled themselves - eventually conquered by the Romans in 63 BC - resentment against Roman Rule - analyze patterns Looking at Jewish history from Abraham to the Roman conquest in 63 BC, what patterns do you see? Patterns of migration, enslavement, warfare/conquest and commitment to religious belief in one God.
Women in Israelite Society - government and society controlled by men - role of men - made most decisions (who daughter married) - eldest son inherited - some female leaders - Esther and Deborah - women as examples of proper behavior and how to treat their family - Ruth - summarize How could Israelite and Jewish women gain power in their society? By becoming political, military or spiritual leaders generalizing What was life like for most Israelite women? As in other ancient societies, Israelite life was dominated by men, but some women made great contributions to their society.
Capital Jerusalem Three major religions developed there Judaism Christianity Islam
1. The Salt Sea is now know as the? 2. Tiberias was on the banks of the? 3. Name the mountain south of the city of Samaria. 4. The Mt. of was located near Jerusalem and Bethany. 5. Mt Tabor was north of the city of? 6. Name three cities found in Bashan. 7. Caesarea was on the Plain of. 8. Amathus was east of the River and north of the River. 9. Dara was on the banks of the Sea. 10.Beer-sheba was in the southern part of. 11.The Dead Sea Scrolls were found in a.
a. Abraham 1. They were a new people who appeared in Southwest Asia between 2000 and 1500 BC. b. David 2. When many Jews moved to other parts of the Persian Empire. c. Diaspora 3. The Hebrews religion is known as this. d. Exodus 4. Two stone tablets that over time shaped the development of Hebrew society. e. Hebrews 5. A major event in Hebrew history, the significance of which other people recognize as well. f. Judaism 6. According to the Bible, he went to a new land where his descendants would become a mighty nation. g. Moses 7. Son of David who became the king of Israel about 965 BC. h. Ruth 8. According to the Bible, he was told by God to lead the Hebrews out of Egypt. i. Solomon 9. He was a former outlaw who became king after Saul died in about 1000 BC. J. Ten 10. Her devotion to her mother-in-law set an example for Commandments how people should treat family members.