EUROPEAN SPACE PROPULSION



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EUROPEAN SPACE PROPULSION FACING A TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGE Assemblée de l'union de l'europe Occidentale Conférence Interparlementaire Européenne de l'espace Kourou - -22 septembre 2006 Jean-Paul Herteman Senior Vice President, Safran 1

PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY ONE OF THE CRITICAL KEYS FOR ACCESS TO SPACE NO MARGIN : PAYLOAD 1.5% TAKE-OFF WEIGHT EXTREME CONDITIONS : - 250 C TO 3500 C 1/3-1/2 LAUNCH VEHICLE VALUE 2

DOES EUROPE HAVE A COMPETITIVE SPACE PROPULSION TECHNOLOGICAL AND INDUSTRIAL BASIS? 3

HIGH PERFORMANCE UPPER STAGE ENGINES IN THE WORLD RL10 A&B 11D58 HM 7 LE 5B YF 75 ISP (s) 450-466 356 446 447 440 Cost* (M ) 4.6-5.4 NA 4 5.1 NA First flight 63-98 67 79 2001 94 371-8 266 142 8 15 Engine Country Nb of successsfull flights Reignitable 4

A EUROPEAN TECHNOLOGY BREAKTHROUGH ON A U.S. INSTITUTIONAL LAUNCH VEHICLE BOEING DELTA IV UPPER STAGE ENGINE FLIGHT EXPANDABLE NOZZLE World Première Carbon-carbon composites 9 successfull flights Designed and produced by 5

SATELLITE ELECTRIC THRUSTERS A MAJOR STEP TO THE FUTURE IN SPACE EXPLORATION & OPERATIONS SNECMA PPS 1350 hall effect thruster Key to Smart-1 ESA mission success FROM THE EARTH TO THE MOON WITH JUST 75 KG OF XENON win-win Snecma / Fakel (Russia) cooperation from the '90s no dependency 6

YES WE HAVE A CAPABLE TECHNOLOGICAL AND INDUSTRIAL BASIS BUT WE ARE SMALL AT RISK TO CROSS SUB-CRITICAL SIZE BOUNDARY AND STILL FAR TOO FRAGMENTED 7

EUROPEAN INDUSTRY SCATTERED & NEAR SUB-CRITICAL US AND EUROPEAN SPACE PROPULSION COMPANIES TURNOVER IN 2005 (M ) 1600 1 =1$ 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 M 8 IS P sp ac - ae ro Vo lv o Am T EA D S Ae ro sp ac e ST E SM Av io Sa fr an Ae ro je t PW R AT K 0

SPACE PROPULSION HUMAN RESOURCES SAFRAN*: 2300 ATK*: 6600 PWR: 3800 AEROJET: 3100 AVIO *: 695 ASTRIUM *: 450 Volvo *: 125 *Pro rata annual report 2005 Staff evolution at Snecma Vernon 1700 1500 1300 1100 900 700 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 500 9

SNECMA VERNON HR SENIOR EXPERTISE BREAKDOWN IN LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE TECHNOLOGIES staff by technical fields cumulated years of expertise 6 p / 1 y 6 p / 6 y Engineering system (mechanical) 6 p / 72 y Engineering system (functional) Material/NDA 6 p / 1 y 14 p / 324 y 9 p / 8 y Controls Combustion Turmomachinery 10

ARIANE 5 VULCAIN ENGINE KALEIDOSCOPE MT Aero A strength for Europe Purge valve Gimbal, Thermal protection Meggitt Flexible hose Snecma Gas generator, Valve generator Avio but Support An industrial challenge Snecma Moteurs OxygenTP Oxygen turbine HydrogenTP Hydorgen turbine Hot gas valve APP Astrium Starter, igniters Chamber Snecma Oxygen supply line, Hydrogen supply line Sensors Electrovalve unit Vulcain engine Snecma Propulsion Solide Sensors 11 Snecma Vulcain 2 system integration Sensors Chamber valve Nozzle Sensors

ARIANE 5 VULCAIN ENGINE CONTRACTUAL FLOW (-) Nb of engineers working on cryogenic engines Arianespace Final customer CNES Astrium Design authority Launcher Prime Snecma (370 p) Liquid propulsion Prime Astrium D. (130 p) AVIO (50 p) Techspace Aero (25 p) Thrust chamber Lox Turbo Pump Valves Nozzle Volvo 12 (40) Lox Turbine Has been improved but still too stretched

ARIANE 5 BOOSTER MPS INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION AVIO - SME SAFRAN - AVIO Has also been improved (BIP Operations) but not yet optimized 13

WHAT CAN WE DO? RESTRUCTURE FINANCE 14

FROM "STRICT" GEO RETURN TO AN EUROPEAN NETWORK OF CENTERS OF COMPETENCE Astrium GmbH DLR Snecma Vernon Ottobrunn Lampoldshausen Today System integration Turbomachinery Combustion Tests Combustion System integration Tomorrow? COC System integration Vernon COC Turbomachinery COC Tests Stuttgart Munich COC Combustion Neutral Transfers no looser Technology national flags associated labs strong Far more efficient integrated management no unnecessary duplications 15

SPACE LAUNCH VEHICLE PROPULSION BUSINESS: "MARKET FAILURE" N.R.C Civil Aircraft Engine CFM class Business Revenue 600 M$ 3000 M$ Over 15 years Cryo Rocket Engine Vinci class Business Revenue Incl. Spare parts 400 M$ 600 M$ Ariane 5000 M$ to 10 000 M$ Over 30 years 2000 M$ Total World Over 30 years Commercial launch business provides volume to maintain operation skills, not ROI 16

SPACE PROPULSION CRITICAL PATH Services Applications 100 10 Satellites Launhers 5 1 Propulsion European R &D rocket liquid propulsion budget 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2001 17 (M ) Game over? 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

VINCI TO ENSURE THE FUTURE RL10 A&B HM 7 LE 5B 11D58 YF 75 Vinci 450-466.5 446 447 356 440 465 Cost* (M ) 4.6-5,4 4 5.1 NA NA 4.5 First flight 63-98 79 2001 67 94 2013 371-8 142 8 266 15 - Engine Country ISP (s) Nb of successsfull flights Reignitable MORE PAYLOAD, MORE VERSATILE 18

SPACE R & T GLOBAL LEVERAGING Mix flow nozzle Rocket engines Atmospheric re-entry Brakes Aeronautics SELF HEALING Space Telescopes & Industry IN RETURN, HIGH VOLUME DIVERSIFICATIONS SUSTAIN SPACE ACTIVITY

SPACE R&T GLOBAL LEVERAGING SPACE PROPULSION CRYOGENIC SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY Liquefied natural gas Fuel Cells Space transport Gas combustion unit 30 kw Unit Module 5kW LP Pumps Co-generation Stationnary 20 Transport

«Control your own destiny or somebody will do it for you» 21