How To Find Out If A Manufaturer Has A Vcr Or Not

228 CHAPTER 9: FUNDAMENTALS OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING: ONE-SAMPLE TESTS 1. Whih of the following would e an appropriate null hypothesis? a) The mean of a population is equal to 55. ) The mean of a sample is equal to 55. ) The mean of a population is greater than 55. d) Only (a) and () are true. a KEYWORDS: form of hypothesis 2. Whih of the following would e an appropriate null hypothesis? a) The population proportion is less than 0.65. ) The sample proportion is less than 0.65. ) The population proportion is no less than 0.65. d) The sample proportion is no less than 0.65. KEYWORDS: form of hypothesis 3. Whih of the following would e an appropriate alternative hypothesis? a) The mean of a population is equal to 55. ) The mean of a sample is equal to 55. ) The mean of a population is greater than 55. d) The mean of a sample is greater than 55. KEYWORDS: form of hypothesis 4. Whih of the following would e an appropriate alternative hypothesis? a) The population proportion is less than 0.65. ) The sample proportion is less than 0.65. ) The population proportion is no less than 0.65. d) The sample proportion is no less than 0.65. a KEYWORDS: form of hypothesis

229 5. A Type II error is ommitted when a) we rejet a null hypothesis that is true. ) we don't rejet a null hypothesis that is true. ) we rejet a null hypothesis that is false. d) we don't rejet a null hypothesis that is false. d KEYWORDS: type II error 6. A Type I error is ommitted when a) we rejet a null hypothesis that is true. ) we don't rejet a null hypothesis that is true. ) we rejet a null hypothesis that is false. d) we don't rejet a null hypothesis that is false. a KEYWORDS: type I error 7. The power of a test is measured y its apaility of a) rejeting a null hypothesis that is true. ) not rejeting a null hypothesis that is true. ) rejeting a null hypothesis that is false. d) not rejeting a null hypothesis that is false. KEYWORDS: power 8. If we are performing a two-tailed test of whether µ = 100, the proaility of deteting a shift of the mean to 105 will e the proaility of deteting a shift of the mean to 110. a) less than ) greater than ) equal to d) not omparale to a KEYWORDS: power

230 9. or : For a given level of signifiane, if the sample size is inreased, the power of the test will inrease. KEYWORDS: power, level of signifiane, sample size 10. or : For a given level of signifiane, if the sample size is inreased, the proaility of ommitting a Type I error will inrease. KEYWORDS: level of signifiane, sample size, type I error 11. or : For a given level of signifiane, if the sample size is inreased, the proaility of ommitting a Type II error will inrease. KEYWORDS: level of signifiane, sample size, type II error 12. or : For a given sample size, the proaility of ommitting a Type II error will inrease when the proaility of ommitting a Type I error is redued. KEYWORDS: sample size, type I error, type II error 13. If an eonomist wishes to determine whether there is evidene that average family inome in a ommunity exeeds $25,000 a) either a one-tailed or two-tailed test ould e used with equivalent results. ) a one-tailed test should e utilized. ) a two-tailed test should e utilized. d) none of the aove KEYWORDS: one-tailed test

231 14. If an eonomist wishes to determine whether there is evidene that average family inome in a ommunity equals $25,000 a) either a one-tailed or two-tailed test ould e used with equivalent results. ) a one-tailed test should e utilized. ) a two-tailed test should e utilized. d) none of the aove KEYWORDS: two-tailed test α in a two-tailed test, the null hypothesis should not e rejeted. the null hypothesis should e rejeted. a one-tailed test should e used. no onlusion should e reahed. 15. If the p-value is less than a) ) ) d) KEYWORDS: p-value, level of signifiane 16. If a test of hypothesis has a Type I error proaility ( α ) of 0.01, we mean a) ) ) d) if the null hypothesis is true, we don't rejet it 1% of the time. if the null hypothesis is true, we rejet it 1% of the time. if the null hypothesis is false, we don't rejet it 1% of the time. if the null hypothesis is false, we rejet it 1% of the time. KEYWORDS: type I error, level of signifiane 17. If the Type I error ( α ) for a given test is to e dereased, then for a fixed sample size n a) the Type II error ( β ) will also derease. ) the Type II error ( β ) will inrease. ) the power of the test will inrease. d) a one-tailed test must e utilized. KEYWORDS: type I error, type II error, sample size

232 18. For a given sample size n, if the level of signifiane ( α ) is dereased, the power of the test a) ) ) d) will inrease. will derease. will remain the same. annot e determined. KEYWORDS: level of signifiane, power, sample size 19. For a given level of signifiane ( α ), if the sample size n is inreased, the proaility of a Type II error ( β ) a) will derease. ) will inrease. ) will remain the same. d) annot e determined. a KEYWORDS: level of signifiane, eta risk, sample size 20. If a researher rejets a true null hypothesis, she has made a error. Type I TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: type I error 21. If a researher aepts a true null hypothesis, she has made a deision. orret TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: deision 22. If a researher rejets a false null hypothesis, she has made a deision. orret TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: deision 23. If a researher aepts a false null hypothesis, she has made a error. Type II TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: type II error 24. It is possile to diretly ompare the results of a onfidene interval estimate to the results otained y testing a null hypothesis if a) a two-tailed test for µ is used.

233 µ is used. ) Both of the previous statements are true. d) None of the previous statements is true. ) a one-tailed test for a KEYWORDS: onfidene interval, two-tailed test 25. The power of a statistial test is a) the proaility of not rejeting H0 when it is false. ) the proaility of rejeting H0 when it is true. ) the proaility of not rejeting H0 when it is true. d) the proaility of rejeting H0 when it is false. d KEYWORDS: power 26. The symol for the power of a statistial test is a) α. ) 1 α. ) β. d) 1 β. d KEYWORDS: power µ 47 versus H1: µ > 47. What will result if we onlude that the mean is greater than 47 when its true value is really 52? a) We have made a Type I error. ) We have made a Type II error. ) We have made a orret deision. d) None of the aove are orret. 27. Suppose we wish to test H0: KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, onlusion

234 28. How many Kleenex should the Kimerly Clark Corporation pakage of tissues ontain? Researhers determined that 60 tissues is the average numer of tissues used during a old. Suppose a random sample of 100 Kleenex users yielded the following data on the numer of tissues used during a old: X = 52, s = 22. Give the null and alternative hypotheses to determine if the numer of tissues used during a old is less than 60. a) H 0 : µ 60 and H1 : µ > 60. ) H 0 : µ 60 and H 1 : µ < 60. ) H0 : X 60 and H1 : X < 60. d) H 0 : X = 52 and H 1 : X 52. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, form of hypothesis, mean, t test 29. How many Kleenex should the Kimerly Clark Corporation pakage of tissues ontain? Researhers determined that 60 tissues is the average numer of tissues used during a old. Suppose a random sample of 100 Kleenex users yielded the following data on the numer of tissues used during a old: X = 52, s = 22. Using the sample information provided, alulate the value of the test statisti. a) t = ( 52 60 /)22 60 /) 22/100 ( ) t = ( 52 60 /) 22/100 ( ) t = ( 52 60 /) 22/10 ( d) t = ( 52 ) 2 ) ) d KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test 30. How many Kleenex should the Kimerly Clark Corporation pakage of tissues ontain? Researhers determined that 60 tissues is the average numer of tissues used during a old. Suppose a random sample of 100 Kleenex users yielded the following data on the numer of tissues used during a old: X = 52, s = 22. Suppose the alternative we wanted to test was H1 : µ < 60. State the orret rejetion region for α = 0.05. a) Rejet H0 if t > 1.6604. ) Rejet H0 if t < 1.6604. ) Rejet H0 if t > 1.9842 or Z < 1.9842. d) Rejet H0 if t < 1.9842. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, rejetion region

235 31. How many Kleenex should the Kimerly Clark Corporation pakage of tissues ontain? Researhers determined that 60 tissues is the average numer of tissues used during a old. Suppose a random sample of 100 Kleenex users yielded the following data on the numer of tissues used during a old: X = 52, s = 22. Suppose the test statisti does fall in the rejetion region at α = 0.05. Whih of the following deisions is orret? a) At α = 0.05, we do not rejet H0. ) At α = 0.05, we rejet H0. ) At α = 0.05, we aept H0. d) At α = 0.10, we do not rejet H0. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, deision 32. How many Kleenex should the Kimerly Clark Corporation pakage of tissues ontain? Researhers determined that 60 tissues is the average numer of tissues used during a old. Suppose a random sample of 100 Kleenex users yielded the following data on the numer of tissues used during a old: X = 52, s = 22. Suppose the test statisti does fall in the rejetion region at α = 0.05. Whih of the following onlusions is orret? a) At α = 0.05, there is not suffiient evidene to onlude that the average numer of tissues used during a old is 60 tissues. ) At α = 0.05, there is suffiient evidene to onlude that the average numer of tissues used during a old is 60 tissues. ) At α = 0.05, there is not suffiient evidene to onlude that the average numer of tissues used during a old is not 60 tissues. d) At α = 0.10, there is suffiient evidene to onlude that the average numer of tissues used during a old is not 60 tissues. d KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, onlusion µ with the result (10, 15). What deision will we make if we test H0 : µ = 16 versus H1 : µ 16 at α = 0.05? 33. We have reated a 95% onfidene interval for a) Rejet H0 in favor of H1. ) Aept H0 in favor of H1. ) Fail to rejet H0 in favor of H1. d) We annot tell what our deision will e from the information given. a KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, onfidene interval, mean, t test, deision

236 µ with the result (10, 15). What deision will we make if we test H0 : µ = 16 versus H1 : µ 16 at α = 0.10? 34. We have reated a 95% onfidene interval for a) Rejet H0 in favor of H1. ) Aept H0 in favor of H1. ) Fail to rejet H0 in favor of H1. d) We annot tell what our deision will e from the information given. a TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Diffiult EXPLANATION: The 90% onfidene interval is narrower than (10, 15), whih still does not ontain 16. KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, onfidene interval, mean, t test, deision µ with the result (10, 15). What deision will we make if we test H0 : µ = 16 versus H1 : µ 16 at α = 0.025? 35. We have reated a 95% onfidene interval for a) Rejet H0 in favor of H1. ) Aept H0 in favor of H1. ) Fail to rejet H0 in favor of H1. d) We annot tell what our deision will e from the information given. d TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Diffiult EXPLANATION: The 97.5% onfidene interval is wider than (10, 15), whih ould have ontained 16 or not have ontained 16. KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, onfidene interval, mean, t test, deision 36. Suppose we want to test H0 : µ 30 versus H1 : µ < 30. Whih of the following possile sample results ased on a sample of size 36 gives the strongest evidene to rejet H0 in favor of H1? a) X = 28, s = 6 ) X = 27, s = 4 ) X = 32, s = 2 d) X = 26, s = 9 KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, rejetion region

237 37. Whih of the following statements is NOT true aout the level of signifiane in a hypothesis test? a) The larger the level of signifiane, the more likely you are to rejet the null hypothesis. ) The level of signifiane is the maximum risk we are willing to aept in making a Type I error. ) The signifiane level is also alled the α level. d) The signifiane level is another name for Type II error. d KEYWORDS: level of signifiane 38. If, as a result of a hypothesis test, we rejet the null hypothesis when it is false, then we have ommitted a) a Type II error. ) a Type I error. ) no error. d) an aeptane error. KEYWORDS: deision, type I error, type II error 39. The value that separates a rejetion region from a non-rejetion region is alled the. ritial value TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: ritial value, rejetion region 40. A is a numerial quantity omputed from the data of a sample and is used to reah a deision on whether or not to rejet the null hypothesis. a) signifiane level ) ritial value ) test statisti d) parameter KEYWORDS: test statisti

238 41. The owner of a loal nightlu has reently surveyed a random sample of n = 250 ustomers of the lu. She would now like to determine whether or not the mean age of her ustomers is over 30. If so, she plans to alter the entertainment to appeal to an older rowd. If not, no entertainment hanges will e made. The appropriate hypotheses to test are: a) H 0 : µ 30 versus H 1 : µ < 30. ) H 0 : µ 30 versus H 1 : µ > 30. ) H 0 : X 30 versus H1 : X < 30. d) H0 : X 30 versus H1 : X > 30. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, form of hypothesis, form of hypothesis, mean 42. The owner of a loal nightlu has reently surveyed a random sample of n = 250 ustomers of the lu. She would now like to determine whether or not the mean age of her ustomers is over 30. If so, she plans to alter the entertainment to appeal to an older rowd. If not, no entertainment hanges will e made. If she wants to e 99% onfident in her deision, what rejetion region should she use? a) Rejet H0 if t < 2.34. ) Rejet H0 if t < 2.55. ) Rejet H0 if t > 2.34. d) Rejet H0 if t > 2.58. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, t test, rejetion region 43. The owner of a loal nightlu has reently surveyed a random sample of n = 250 ustomers of the lu. She would now like to determine whether or not the mean age of her ustomers is over 30. If so, she plans to alter the entertainment to appeal to an older rowd. If not, no entertainment hanges will e made. Suppose she found that the sample mean was 30.45 years and the sample standard deviation was 5 years. If she wants to e 99% onfident in her deision, what deision should she make? a) Rejet H0. ) Aept H0. ) Fail to rejet H0. d) We annot tell what her deision should e from the information given. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, deision

239 44. The owner of a loal nightlu has reently surveyed a random sample of n = 250 ustomers of the lu. She would now like to determine whether or not the mean age of her ustomers is over 30. If so, she plans to alter the entertainment to appeal to an older rowd. If not, no entertainment hanges will e made. Suppose she found that the sample mean was 30.45 years and the sample standard deviation was 5 years. If she wants to e 99% onfident in her deision, what onlusion an she make? a) There is not suffiient evidene that the mean age of her ustomers is over 30. ) There is suffiient evidene that the mean age of her ustomers is over 30. ) There is not suffiient evidene that the mean age of her ustomers is not over 30. d) There is suffiient evidene that the mean age of her ustomers is not over 30. a KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, onlusion 45. The owner of a loal nightlu has reently surveyed a random sample of n = 250 ustomers of the lu. She would now like to determine whether or not the mean age of her ustomers is over 30. If so, she plans to alter the entertainment to appeal to an older rowd. If not, no entertainment hanges will e made. Suppose she found that the sample mean was 30.45 years and the sample standard deviation was 5 years. What is the p-value assoiated with the test statisti? a) 0.3577 ) 0.1423 ) 0.0780 d) 0.02 KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, p-value 46. A survey laims that 9 out of 10 dotors reommend aspirin for their patients with headahes. To test this laim against the alternative that the atual proportion of dotors who reommend aspirin is less than 0.90, a random sample of 100 dotors results in 83 who indiate that they reommend aspirin. The value of the test statisti in this prolem is approximately equal to: a) 4.12. ) 2.33. ) 1.86. d) 0.07. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, proportion, test statisti

240 47. A survey laims that 9 out of 10 dotors reommend aspirin for their patients with headahes. To test this laim against the alternative that the atual proportion of dotors who reommend aspirin is less than 0.90, a random sample of 100 dotors was seleted. Suppose that the test statisti is 2.20. Can we onlude that H0 should e rejeted at the (a) α = 0.10, () α = 0.05, and () α = 0.01 level of Type I error? a) (a) yes; () yes; () yes ) (a) no; () no; () no ) (a) no; () no; () yes d) (a) yes; () yes; () no d KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, proportion, deision 48. A survey laims that 9 out of 10 dotors reommend aspirin for their patients with headahes. To test this laim against the alternative that the atual proportion of dotors who reommend aspirin is less than 0.90, a random sample of 100 dotors was seleted. Suppose you rejet the null hypothesis. What onlusion an you draw? a) There is not suffiient evidene that the proportion of dotors who reommend aspirin is not less than 0.90. ) There is suffiient evidene that the proportion of dotors who reommend aspirin is not less than 0.90. ) There is not suffiient evidene that the proportion of dotors who reommend aspirin is less than 0.90. d) There is suffiient evidene that the proportion of dotors who reommend aspirin is less than 0.90. d KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, proportion, onlusion 49. A major videoassette rental hain is onsidering opening a new store in an area that urrently does not have any suh stores. The hain will open if there is evidene that more than 5,000 of the 20,000 households in the area are equipped with videoassette reorders (VCRs). It onduts a telephone poll of 300 randomly seleted households in the area and finds that 96 have VCRs. State the test of interest to the rental hain. a) H 0 : p 0.32 versus H1 : p > 0.32 ) H0 : p 0.25 versus H1 : p > 0.25 ) H0 : p 5,000 versus H1 : p > 5,000 d) H0 : µ 5,000 versus H1 : µ > 5,000 KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, proportion, form of hypothesis, form of hypothesis

241 50. A major videoassette rental hain is onsidering opening a new store in an area that urrently does not have any suh stores. The hain will open if there is evidene that more than 5,000 of the 20,000 households in the area are equipped with videoassette reorders (VCRs). It onduts a telephone poll of 300 randomly seleted households in the area and finds that 96 have VCRs. The value of the test statisti in this prolem is approximately equal to: a) 2.80. ) 2.60. ) 1.94. d) 1.30. a KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, proportion, Z test, test statisti 51. A major videoassette rental hain is onsidering opening a new store in an area that urrently does not have any suh stores. The hain will open if there is evidene that more than 5,000 of the 20,000 households in the area are equipped with videoassette reorders (VCRs). It onduts a telephone poll of 300 randomly seleted households in the area and finds that 96 have VCRs. The p-value assoiated with the test statisti in this prolem is approximately equal to: a) 0.0100. ) 0.0051. ) 0.0026. d) 0.0013. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, proportion, Z test, p-value 52. A major videoassette rental hain is onsidering opening a new store in an area that urrently does not have any suh stores. The hain will open if there is evidene that more than 5,000 of the 20,000 households in the area are equipped with videoassette reorders (VCRs). It onduts a telephone poll of 300 randomly seleted households in the area and finds that 96 have VCRs. The deision on the hypothesis test using a 3% level of signifiane is: a) to rejet H0 in favor of H1. ) to aept H0 in favor of H1. ) to fail to rejet H0 in favor of H1. d) We annot tell what the deision should e from the information given. a KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, proportion, Z test, deision

242 53. A major videoassette rental hain is onsidering opening a new store in an area that urrently does not have any suh stores. The hain will open if there is evidene that more than 5,000 of the 20,000 households in the area are equipped with videoassette reorders (VCRs). It onduts a telephone poll of 300 randomly seleted households in the area and finds that 96 have VCRs. The rental hain's onlusion from the hypothesis test using a 3% level of signifiane is: a) to open a new store. ) not to open a new store. ) to delay opening a new store until additional evidene is olleted. d) We annot tell what the deision should e from the information given. a KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, proportion, Z test, onlusion 54. An entrepreneur is onsidering the purhase of a oin-operated laundry. The present owner laims that over the past 5 years, the average daily revenue was $675 with a standard deviation of $75. A sample of 30 days reveals a daily average revenue of $625. If you were to test the null hypothesis that the daily average revenue was $675, whih test would you use? a) Z-test of a population mean ) Z-test of a population proportion ) t test of a population mean d) χ 2 -test of population variane a KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, mean, Z test 55. An entrepreneur is onsidering the purhase of a oin-operated laundry. The present owner laims that over the past 5 years, the average daily revenue was $675 with a standard deviation of $75. A sample of 30 days reveals a daily average revenue of $625. If you were to test the null hypothesis that the daily average revenue was $675 and deide not to rejet the null hypothesis, what an you onlude? a) There is not enough evidene to onlude that the daily average revenue was $675. ) There is not enough evidene to onlude that the daily average revenue was not $675. ) There is enough evidene to onlude that the daily average revenue was $675. d) There is enough evidene to onlude that the daily average revenue was not $675. KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, mean, Z test, onlusion

243 56. A manager of the redit department for an oil ompany would like to determine whether the average monthly alane of redit ard holders is equal to $75. An auditor selets a random sample of 100 aounts and finds that the average owed is $83.40 with a sample standard deviation of $23.65. If you wanted to test whether the auditor should onlude that there is evidene that the average alane is different from $75, whih test would you use? a) Z-test of a population mean ) Z-test of a population proportion ) t test of population mean 2 d) χ -test of population variane KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, mean, t test 57. A manager of the redit department for an oil ompany would like to determine whether the average monthly alane of redit ard holders is equal to $75. An auditor selets a random sample of 100 aounts and finds that the average owed is $83.40 with a sample standard deviation of $23.65. If you wanted to test whether the average alane is different from $75 and deided to rejet the null hypothesis, what onlusion ould you draw? a) There is not evidene that the average alane is $75. ) There is not evidene that the average alane is not $75. ) There is evidene that the average alane is $75. d) There is evidene that the average alane is not $75. d TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: moderate KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, mean, t test, onlusion 58. The marketing manager for an automoile manufaturer is interested in determining the proportion of new ompat ar owners who would have purhased a passenger-side inflatale air ag if it had een availale for an additional ost of $300. The manager elieves from previous information that the proportion is 0.30. Suppose that a survey of 200 new ompat ar owners is seleted and 79 indiate that they would have purhased the inflatale air ag. If you were to ondut a test to determine whether there is evidene that the proportion is different from 0.30, whih test would you use? a) Z-test of a population mean ) Z-test of a population proportion ) t test of population mean 2 d) χ -test of population variane KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, proportion

244 59. The marketing manager for an automoile manufaturer is interested in determining the proportion of new ompat ar owners who would have purhased a passenger-side inflatale air ag if it had een availale for an additional ost of $300. The manager elieves from previous information that the proportion is 0.30. Suppose that a survey of 200 new ompat ar owners is seleted and 79 indiate that they would have purhased the inflatale air ag. If you were to ondut a test to determine whether there is evidene that the proportion is different from 0.30 and deided not to rejet the null hypothesis, what onlusion ould you draw? a) There is suffiient evidene that the proportion is 0.30. ) There is not suffiient evidene that the proportion is 0.30. ) There is suffiient evidene that the proportion is 0.30. d) There is not suffiient evidene that the proportion is not 0.30. d KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, proportion, onlusion TABLE 9-1 Mirosoft Exel was used on a set of data involving the numer of parasites found on 46 Monarh utterflies aptured in Pismo Beah State Park. A iologist wants to know if the mean numer of parasites per utterfly is over 20. She will make her deision using a test with a level of 0.10. The following information was extrated from the Mirosoft Exel output for the sample of 46 Monarh utterflies: n = 46; Arithmeti Mean = 28.00; Standard Deviation = 25.92; Standard Error = 3.82; Null Hypothesis: H 0 : µ 20.000 ; α = 0.10; df = 45; T Test Statisti = 2.09; One-Tailed Test Upper Critial Value = 1.3006; p-value = 0.021; Deision = Rejet. 60. Referring to Tale 9-1, the parameter the iologist is interested in is: a) the mean numer of utterflies in Pismo Beah State Park. ) the mean numer of parasites on these 46 utterflies. ) the mean numer of parasites on Monarh utterflies in Pismo Beah State Park. d) the proportion of utterflies with parasites. KEYWORDS: mean, t test, parameter 61. Referring to Tale 9-1, state the alternative hypothesis for this study. H 1 : µ > 20.000 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, form of hypothesis

245 62. Referring to Tale 9-1, what ritial value should the iologist use to determine the rejetion region? a) 1.6794 ) 1.3006 ) 1.3002 d) 1.28 KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, ritial value 63. or : Referring to Tale 9-1, the null hypothesis would e rejeted. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, deision 64. or : Referring to Tale 9-1, the null hypothesis would e rejeted if a 4% proaility of ommitting a Type I error is allowed. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, deision 65. or : Referring to Tale 9-1, the null hypothesis would e rejeted if a 1% proaility of ommitting a Type I error is allowed. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, deision 66. Referring to Tale 9-1, the lowest proaility at whih the null hypothesis an e rejeted is. 0.021 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, p-value 67. or : Referring to Tale 9-1, this result proves eyond a dout that the mean numer of parasites on utterflies in Pismo Beah State Park is over 20. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, onlusion 68. of : Referring to Tale 9-1, the iologist an onlude that there is suffiient evidene to show that the average numer of parasites per utterfly is over 20 using a level of signifiane of 0.10.

246 KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, onlusion 69. or : Referring to Tale 9-1, the same deision would have een reahed if the iologist had seleted a level of signifiane of 0.05. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, deision 70. or : Referring to Tale 9-1, the same deision would have een reahed if the iologist had seleted a level of signifiane of 0.01. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, deision 71. or : Referring to Tale 9-1, the value of β is 0.90. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, eta risk 72. or : Referring to Tale 9-1, if these data were used to perform a two-tailed test, the p- value would e 0.042. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, t test, p-value 73. or : Suppose, in testing a hypothesis aout a proportion, the p-value is omputed to e 0.043. The null hypothesis should e rejeted if the hosen level of signifiane is 0.05. KEYWORDS: mean, t test, p-value, level of signifiane, deision

247 74. or : Suppose, in testing a hypothesis aout a proportion, the p-value is omputed to e 0.034. The null hypothesis should e rejeted if the hosen level of signifiane is 0.01. KEYWORDS: p-value, level of signifiane, deision 75. or : Suppose, in testing a hypothesis aout a proportion, the Z test statisti is omputed to e 2.04. The null hypothesis should e rejeted if the hosen level of signifiane is 0.01 and a two-tailed test is used. KEYWORDS: proportion, Z test, test statisti, ritial value, deision 76. or : In testing a hypothesis, statements for the null and alternative hypotheses, as well as the seletion of the level of signifiane, should preede the olletion and examination of the data. KEYWORDS: ethial issues 77. or : The test statisti measures how lose the omputed sample statisti has ome to the hypothesized population parameter. KEYWORDS: test statisti 78. or : The statement of the null hypothesis always ontains an equality. KEYWORDS: form of null hypothesis 79. or : The larger the p-value, the more likely one is to rejet the null hypothesis. KEYWORDS: p-value

248 80. or : The smaller the p-value, the stronger the evidene against the null hypothesis. KEYWORDS: p-value 81. or : A sample is used to otain a 95% onfidene interval for the mean of a population. The onfidene interval goes from 15 to 19. If the same sample had een used to test the null hypothesis that the mean of the population is equal to 20, versus the alternative hypothesis that the mean of the population differs from 20, the null hypothesis ould e rejeted at a level of signifiane of 0.05. KEYWORDS: onfidene interval, two-tailed test, deision 82. or : A sample is used to otain a 95% onfidene interval for the mean of a population. The onfidene interval goes from 15 to 19. If the same sample had een used to test the null hypothesis that the mean of the population is equal to 18, versus the alternative hypothesis that the mean of the population differs from 18, the null hypothesis ould e rejeted at a level of signifiane of 0.05. KEYWORDS: onfidene interval, two-tailed test, deision 83. or : A sample is used to otain a 95% onfidene interval for the mean of a population. The onfidene interval goes from 15 to 19. If the same sample had een used to test the null hypothesis that the mean of the population is equal to 20, versus the alternative hypothesis that the mean of the population differs from 20, the null hypothesis ould e rejeted at a level of signifiane of 0.10. TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Diffiult KEYWORDS: onfidene interval, two-tailed test, deision

249 84. or : A sample is used to otain a 95% onfidene interval for the mean of a population. The onfidene interval goes from 15 to 19. If the same sample had een used to test the null hypothesis that the mean of the population is equal to 20, versus the alternative hypothesis that the mean of the population differs from 20, the null hypothesis ould e rejeted at a level of signifiane of 0.02. TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Diffiult EXPLANATION: We are not sure if 20 will e in the wider onfidene interval. KEYWORDS: onfidene interval, two-tailed test, deision 85. or : A sample is used to otain a 95% onfidene interval for the mean of a population. The onfidene interval goes from 15 to 19. If the same sample had een used to test the null hypothesis that the mean of the population is equal to 20, versus the alternative hypothesis that the mean of the population differs from 20, the null hypothesis ould e aepted at a level of signifiane of 0.02. TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Diffiult EXPLANATION: We are not sure if 20 will e in the wider onfidene interval. KEYWORDS: onfidene interval, two-tailed test, deision TABLE 9-2 A student laims that he an orretly identify whether a person is a usiness major or an agriulture major y the way the person dresses. Suppose in atuality that he an orretly identify a usiness major 87% of the time, while 13% of the time, he mistakenly identifies an agriulture major as a usiness major. Presented with one person and asked to identify the major of this person (who is either a usiness or agriulture major), he onsiders this to e a hypothesis test with the null hypothesis eing that the person is a usiness major, and the alternative eing that the person is an agriulture major. 86. Referring to Tale 9-2, what would e a Type I error? a) Saying that the person is a usiness major when, in fat, the person is a usiness major. ) Saying that the person is a usiness major when, in fat, the person is an agriulture major. ) Saying that the person is an agriulture major when, in fat, the person is a usiness major. d) Saying that the person is an agriulture major when, in fat, the person is an agriulture major. TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Diffiult KEYWORDS: form of hypothesis, form of hypothesis

250 87. Referring to Tale 9-2, what would e a Type II error? a) Saying that the person is a usiness major when, in fat, the person is a usiness major. ) Saying that the person is a usiness major when, in fat, the person is an agriulture major. ) Saying that the person is an agriulture major when, in fat, the person is a usiness major. d) Saying that the person is an agriulture major when, in fat, the person is an agriulture major. TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Diffiult KEYWORDS: type II error 88. Referring to Tale 9-2, what is the atual level of signifiane of the test? a) 0.13 ) 0.16 ) 0.84 d) 0.87 a TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Diffiult KEYWORDS: level of signifiane 89. Referring to Tale 9-2, what is the atual onfidene oeffiient? a) 0.13 ) 0.16 ) 0.84 d) 0.87 d TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Diffiult KEYWORDS: onfidene oeffiient 90. Referring to Tale 9-2, what is the value of a) ) ) d) 0.13 0.16 0.84 0.87 a TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Diffiult KEYWORDS: level of signifiane α?

251 91. Referring to Tale 9-2, what is the value of a) ) ) d) β? 0.13 0.16 0.84 0.87 TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Diffiult KEYWORDS: eta risk 92. Referring to Tale 9-2, what is the power of the test? a) 0.13 ) 0.16 ) 0.84 d) 0.87 TYPE: MC DIFFICULTY: Diffiult KEYWORDS: power TABLE 9-3 An appliane manufaturer laims to have developed a ompat mirowave oven that onsumes an average of no more than 250 W. From previous studies, it is elieved that power onsumption for mirowave ovens is normally distriuted with a standard deviation of 15 W. A onsumer group has deided to try to disover if the laim appears true. They take a sample of 20 mirowave ovens and find that they onsume an average of 257.3 W. 93. Referring to Tale 9-3, the population of interest is a) the power onsumption in the 20 mirowave ovens. ) the power onsumption in all suh mirowave ovens. ) the mean power onsumption in the 20 mirowave ovens. d) the mean power onsumption in all suh mirowave ovens. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test

252 94. Referring to Tale 9-3, the parameter of interest is a) the mean power onsumption of the 20 mirowave ovens. ) the mean power onsumption of all suh mirowave ovens. ) 250. d) 257.3. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, parameter 95. Referring to Tale 9-3, the appropriate hypotheses to determine if the manufaturer's laim appears reasonale are: a) H 0 : µ = 250 versus H 1 : µ 250 ) H 0 : µ 250 versus H 1 : µ < 250 H 0 : µ 250 versus H 1 : µ > 250 d) H 0 : µ 257.3 versus H 1 : µ < 257.3 ) KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, form of hypothesis 96. Referring to Tale 9-3, for a test with a level of signifiane of 0.05, the ritial value would e. Z = 1.645 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, ritial value 97. Referring to Tale 9.3, the value of the test statisti is. 2.18 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, test statisti 98. Referring to Tale 9-3, the p-value of the test is. 0.0148 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, p-value

253 99. or : Referring to Tale 9-3, for this test to e valid, it is neessary that the power onsumption for mirowave ovens has a normal distriution. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, assumptions 100. or : Referring to Tale 9-3, the null hypothesis will e rejeted at a 5% level of signifiane. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, deision 101. or : Referring to Tale 9-3, the null hypothesis will e rejeted at a 1% level of signifiane. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, deision 102. or : Referring to Tale 9-3, the onsumer group an onlude that there is enough evidene to prove that the manufaturer s laim is not true when allowing for a 5% proaility of ommitting a Type I error. TYPE: TF DIFFICULTY: Diffiult KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, onlusion

254 TABLE 9-4 A drug ompany is onsidering marketing a new loal anestheti. The effetive time of the anestheti the drug ompany is urrently produing has a normal distriution with an average of 7.4 minutes with a standard deviation of 1.2 minutes. The hemistry of the new anestheti is suh that the effetive time should e normal with the same standard deviation, ut the mean effetive time may e lower. If it is lower, the drug ompany will market the new anestheti; otherwise, they will ontinue to produe the older one. A hypothesis test will e done to help make the deision. 103. Referring to Tale 9-4, the appropriate hypotheses are: a) H 0 : µ = 7.4 versus H 1 : µ 7.4 ) H 0 : µ 7.4 versus H 1 : µ > 7.4 H 0 : µ 7.4 versus H 1 : µ < 7.4 d) H 0 : µ > 7.4 versus H 1 : µ 7.4 ) KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, form of hypothesis 104. Referring to Tale 9-4, for a test with a level of signifiane of 0.10, the ritial value would e. -1.28 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, ritial value 105. Referring to Tale 9-4, a sample of size 36 results in a sample mean of 7.1. The value of the test statisti is. -1.50 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, test statisti 106. Referring to Tale 9-4, a sample of size 36 results in a sample mean of 7.1. The p-value of the test is. 0.0668 TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Moderate KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, p-value

255 107. or : Referring to Tale 9-4, a sample of size 36 results in a sample mean of 7.1. The null hypothesis will e rejeted with a level of signifiane of 0.10. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, deision 108. or : Referring to Tale 9-4, a sample of size 36 results in a sample mean of 7.1. If the level of signifiane had een hosen as 0.05, the null hypothesis would e rejeted. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, deision 109. or : Referring to Tale 9-4, a sample of size 36 results in a sample mean of 7.1. If the level of signifiane had een hosen as 0.05, the ompany would market the new anestheti. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, Z test, onlusion TABLE 9-5 A ank tests the null hypothesis that the mean age of the ank's mortgage holders is less than or equal to 45, versus an alternative that the mean age is greater than 45. They take a sample and alulate a pvalue of 0.0202. 110. or : Referring to Tale 9-5, the null hypothesis would e rejeted at a signifiane level of α = 0.05. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, deision 111. or : Referring to Tale 9-5, the null hypothesis would e rejeted at a signifiane level of α = 0.01. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, deision

256 112. or : Referring to Tale 9-5, the ank an onlude that the average age is greater than 45 at a signifiane level of α = 0.01. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, onlude 113. Referring to Tale 9-5, if the same sample was used to test the opposite one-tailed test, what would e this test's p-value? a) 0.0202 ) 0.0404 ) 0.9596 d) 0.9798 d KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, p-value TABLE 9-6 The quality ontrol engineer for a furniture manufaturer is interested in the mean amount of fore neessary to produe raks in stressed oak furniture. She performs a two-tailed test of the null hypothesis that the mean for the stressed oak furniture is 650. The alulated value of the Z test statisti is a positive numer that leads to a p-value of 0.080 for the test. 114. or : Referring to Tale 9-6, if the test is performed with a level of signifiane of 0.10, the null hypothesis would e rejeted. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, deision 115. or : Referring to Tale 9-6, if the test is performed with a level of signifiane of 0.10, the engineer an onlude that the mean amount of fore neessary to produe raks in stressed oak furniture is 650. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, onlusion

257 116. or : Referring to Tale 9-6, if the test is performed with a level of signifiane of 0.05, the null hypothesis would e rejeted. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, deision 117. or : Referring to Tale 9-6, if the test is performed with a level of signifiane of 0.05, the engineer an onlude that the mean amount of fore neessary to produe raks in stressed oak furniture is 650. EXPLANATION: The engineer an onlude that there is insuffiient evidene to show that the mean amount of fore needed is not 650, ut annot onlude that there is evidene to show that the fore needed is 650. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, onlusion 118. or : Referring to Tale 9-6, suppose the engineer had deided that the alternative hypothesis to test was that the mean was greater than 650. Then, if the test is performed with a level of signifiane of 0.10, the null hypothesis would e rejeted. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, deision 119. Referring to Tale 9-6, suppose the engineer had deided that the alternative hypothesis to test was that the mean was greater than 650. What would e the p-value of this one-tailed test? a) 0.040 ) 0.160 ) 0.840 d) 0.960 a KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, p-value

258 120. Referring to Tale 9-6, suppose the engineer had deided that the alternative hypothesis to test was that the mean was less than 650. What would e the p-value of this one-tailed test? a) 0.040 ) 0.160 ) 0.840 d) 0.960 d KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, p-value 121. or : Referring to Tale 9-6, suppose the engineer had deided that the alternative hypothesis to test was that the mean was less than 650. Then, if the test is performed with a level of signifiane of 0.10, the null hypothesis would e rejeted. KEYWORDS: one-tailed test, mean, deision TABLE 9-7 A filling mahine at a loal soft drinks ompany is alirated to fill the ans at an average amount of 12 fluid ounes and a standard deviation of 0.5 ounes. The ompany wants to test whether the standard deviation of the amount filled y the mahine is indeed 0.5 ounes. A random sample of 15 ans filled y the mahine reveals a standard deviation of 0.67 ounes. 122. Referring to Tale 9-7, the parameter of interest in the test is. Population standard deviation or population variane TYPE: FI DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, parameter 123. Referring to Tale 9-7, whih is the appropriate test to use? a) Z-test of a population mean ) Z-test of a population proportion ) t test of a population mean d) χ 2 -test of population variane d KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane

259 124. or : Referring to Tale 9-7, in order to perform the test, we need to assume that the amount filled y the mahine has a normal distriution. KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, assumption 125. Referring to Tale 9-7, what type of test should e performed? a) lower-tailed test ) upper-tailed test ) two-tailed test d) none of the aove KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, form of hypothesis 126. Referring to Tale 9-7, what are the lower and upper ritial values of the test when allowing for 5% proaility of ommitting a Type I error? 5.6287 and 26.1189 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, ritial value 127. Referring to Tale 9-7, what is the value of the test statisti? 25.1384 TYPE: PR DIFFICULTY: Easy KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, test statisti 128. or : Referring to Tale 9-7, the deision is to rejet the null hypothesis when using a 5% level of signifiane. KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, deision 129. or : Referring to Tale 9-7, there is suffiient evidene to onlude that the standard deviation of the amount filled y the mahine is not exatly 0.5 ounes when using a 5% level of signifiane. KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, onlusion 130. or : Referring to Tale 9-7, the deision is to rejet the null hypothesis when using a 10% level of signifiane.

260 KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, deision 131. or : Referring to Tale 9-7, there is suffiient evidene to onlude that the standard deviation of the amount filled y the mahine is not exatly 0.5 ounes when using a 10% level of signifiane. KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, onlusion 132. or : Referring to Tale 9-7, the p-value of the test is somewhere etween 5% and 10%. KEYWORDS: two-tailed test, variane, p-value