SUBATOMIC PARTICLES AND ANTIPARTICLES AS DIFFERENT STATES OF THE SAME MICROCOSM OBJECT Eduard N. Klnov* Rostov-on-Don. Russia Th distribution law for th valus of pairs of th consrvd additiv quantum numbrs of subatomic particls and antiparticls of all gnrations has bn dscribd that has mad it possibl to advanc th hypothsis on th xistnc of th microcosm objct diffrnt stats of which can b th mntiond particls. This objct namd as bastron has two vry diffrnt groups of stats. Th smallr group in numbr is asy to b put in corrspondnc with th wakly intracting particls and antiparticls and th largr on in numbr to th hadrons and thir antiparticls. Quarks don t corrspond th bastron stats and prhaps du to this fact thy don t xist as fr particls outsid hadrons. Introduction At prsnt w know mor than two hundrd strongly intracting particls and about twnty wakly intracting particls. Prviously a discovry of vry nw particl was intrprtd as an important vnt. Now th situation is diffrnt thr appard to xist a grat numbr of particls. Th rasons for xistnc of a larg quantity of particls and a varity of thir proprtis hav no xplanations in many cass as th modrn thory (th Standard modl considrs mainly intraction of particls. Th fundamntal particls ar spcially singld out as it is considrd that thy do not consist of othr particls and can b rgardd as primary lmnts. Dspit quit a larg rang of th fundamntal particls nvrthlss many thorists suppos that th list of ths particls is not complt and thy prdict nw hypothtical particls. At first sight th pattrn with particls has th following viw: thr ar a lot of primary lmnts in natur. But this pattrn is most likly an outward apparanc. According to th concpt which is prsntd blow instad of a grat numbr of indpndnt subatomic particls in fact w dal with only on objct of th microcosm th mntiond particls bing diffrnt stats of it. Th hypothsis of xisting th objct that prviously didn t occur in th physics of particls appard whil intrprting th typ of valu distribution for th pairs of th consrvd additiv quantum numbrs of subatomic particls dscribd in []. Now w procd to th dscription of this distribution. Distribution rgularitis for th consrvd additiv quantum numbrs of strongly intracting particls W considr th transformation with th matrix-function D( mn Α mn = V = G G ( sin m sin n D( mn = cos m cos n ( whr th vctor Α =. Thn w will b intrstd in th transformation proprtis ( whn th argumnts m and n in th matrix-function ( assum only th following valus: ± ± ± and so on. In gnral cas th vctors obtaind from th transformation ( hav th following viw V mn * -mail: dbastron@yandx.ru
sin m sin n Vmn = cos m cos n ( Substituting in ( diffrnt valus for th pairs of intgr numbrs m and n for which n m± 6r whr r is an intgr numbr or zro w obtain twlv diffrnt vctors V mn { Δ } { Δ P } {D } { Δ N} V = V = V = V = { } { } { } Δ Δ { Δ P } V = V 4 = 4 = 5 = V V - { } V = V D { Δ N} 45 46 { } { } Δ = V 56 = V 57 = (4 { } and also a zro vctor V m m =. In (4 w hav slctd th vctors th indics of which V mn satisfy th inqualitis m 5 and n 7. Thr ar no othr vctors V mn with th componnts that ar diffrnt from (4. Th vctors (4 can b juxtaposd to strongly intracting particls indicatd in bracs as for th componnts and G of ths vctors th following qualitis occur G G = B G = Q B (5 whr B is a baryon numbr and Q is an lctric charg of th strongly intracting particl dsignatd in bracs in (4 in th systm of units whr th modul of an lctron charg is assumd qual to on. Substituting into (5 th valus of th componnts G and G from ( w will gt th following qualitis which dtrmin th valus of pairs of th consrvd additiv quantum numbrs B and Q for th strongly intracting particls in th function of th intgrs m and n Bmn ( = ( sin m sin n (6 Qmn ( = ( sin m sin n cos m cos n. From (6 aftr th calculations w obtain th following possibl valus of pair quantum numbrs B and Q : B( = B( = P Δ B( = Δ... D Q( = Q( = Σ... Q( = B( = Q( = N Λ Σ Ξ Δ... Δ B( = Q( = Σ Ξ Ω... B(4 = Q(4 = Κ... B(4 = Q(4 = Δ B(5 = Q(5 = P Δ Σ... B(45 = Q(45 = D (7
B(46 = Q(46 = N Δ Λ Σ Ξ... B(56 = Q(56 = Δ Σ Ξ Ω... B(57 = Q(57 = Κ... B( = Q( = Κ Κ... whr D and D ar dibarions that ar dsignatd in a quark modl as uuu ddd and uuuddd accordingly. Th calculatd valus of th numbr pairs B and Q as it can b asily sn coincid with th wll-known valus of ths numbrs for all strongly intracting particls undr xamination [] dsignatd in (7. Ths rsults ar unknown in th Standard modl. Distribution rgularitis for th consrvd additiv quantum numbrs of wakly intracting particls Now lt us considr th rang of valus for th numbrs m and n in which intgr numbr or zro. Thn from ( w obtain th vctors n = m± 6r whr r is an V G sin m sin m mm = G = cos m cos m (8 Substituting th valus of ths numbrs into ( w obtain only six diffrnt vctors. V = = = V V { W } { l } {ν l} V = 44 = 55 = V V. { W} { l} {ν l} (9 In (9 th vctors Vmm for th valus m 5hav bn prsntd. Th vctors (9 can b juxtaposd to th wakly intracting particls for xampl th particls of th first gnration indicatd in bracs as it is asy to notic that btwn th componnts G and G of th vctors V and th additiv numbrs L and Q of th juxtaposd particls th qualitis occur mm G = L G = L Q whr L is a lpton numbr and Q is an lctric charg of th wakly intracting particl in th systm of units whr th modul of an lctron charg is takn qual to on. Substituting into ( th valus of th componnts G and G from (8 w gt th following qualitis dfining th valus of pairs of th consrvd additiv quantum numbrs L= L ( L μ L and Q for th wakly intracting particls in th function of numbr m Lmm ( = sin m ( Qmm ( = sin m cos m. From ( aftr th calculations w obtain th following possibl valus of pair quantum numbrs LL ( Lμ L and Q : (
4 L( = Q( = W L( = Q( = μ L( = Q( = ν ν ν μ L( = Q( = W L(44 = Q(44 = μ L(55 = Q(55 = ν ν ν μ ( L= L( L( = Q = Q( Q( = Z. Whnc it is clar that th calculatd valus for th pair numbrs LL ( Lμ L and Q xactly coincid with thos that ar known for th wakly intracting particls dsignatd in (. Ths rsults ar unknown in th Standard modl. Th vctor with componnts G = and G = can b obtaind by adding th vctors Vmm Vm m. This vctor can b put in corrspondnc with Z -bozon as in this cas L= Q =. Thrfor all th known valus of th pair numbrs L and Q L and Q L and Q for th wakly intracting particls and antiparticls follow from th transformation ( and appar to b th functions of th intgr m. 4 On th distribution law of th consrvd additiv quantum numbrs of subatomic particls Th transformation ( with th matrix-function ( in fact can b rgardd as th distribution law of th pair additiv quantum numbrs B and Q for th strongly intracting particls and antiparticls and also L and Q for th wakly intracting particls and antiparticls. Spcifying any intgr valus for th numbrs m and n in th qualitis (6 and ( w can gt th valus for th pairs of th consrvd additiv numbrs of ral subatomic particls and antiparticls. Th univrsality of this law is stipulatd by th fact that it is not basd on som spcific modl of particls. On th contrary th whol spctrum of th obsrvabl valus for th pairs of additiv quantum numbrs B and Q for th strongly intracting particls and antiparticls and also L and Q for th wakly intracting particls and antiparticls follows from it. Th valus B and Q for th quarks and antiquarks ar only absnt. Th transformation ( with matrix ( also allows dscribing mutual transformation of th subatomic particls. It is causd by th proprtis of th matrix-function (. Indd from ( w gt th qualitis D( mn Α = D( m n Α D( m n Α ( that ar tru for any intgr numbrs m and n or th qualitis for th vctors (4 D( mn Α = D( mn Α D( m n Α (4 V mn Whnc for th vctors w gt th qualitis Vmn = Vm n Vm n (5 Vmn = Vmn V m n (6 Th vctor qualitis (5 6 as it can b asily sn dscrib transformation of th subatomic particls at which th componnts G and G rmain as wll as th numbrs B and Q or L and Q rmain sparatly du to th qualitis (5 and (. For xampl th quality (5 V = V44 V according to (9 rprsnts th transformation W l ν l undr which th numbrs L and Q rmain sparatly. And for xampl such qualitis (4 as V = V V and V = V V according to (4 μ 4
5 rprsnt th transformations B and Q rmain sparatly. D P N and N Δ accordingly undr which th numbrs 5 Subatomic particls as diffrnt stats of th sam microcosm objct Th transformation ( with th matrix-function ( and following from it th corollaris that can b sn from th qualitis (7 ( (5 and (6 maks it possibl to suggst th following concpt of th natur of th subatomic particls. As far as all th vctors Vmm ar obtaind from th sam vctor A aftr th transformation ( and ths vctors can b associatd with hadrons lptons thir antiparticls W ± -and Z -bozons thn th vctor A also can b associatd with on objct of th microcosm diffrnt stats of which ar th mntiond particls and thir antiparticls. Th objct with such proprtis is namd in [] as bastron. It is supposd that a bastron dosn t consist of any parts ach of which could xist indpndntly outsid a bastron. Ths assumptions ar basd on th fact that th wakly intracting particls rgardd as bastron stats ar not composd of othr particls and th structur of hadrons as th bastron stats is so that its componnt (quark cannot xist indpndntly outsid a hadron. W dsignat th bastron in som stat as a function B( V mn. Th vctor V mn will b namd as a vctor of th bastron stat with th quantum numbrs m and n. Distribution rgularitis of th stat vctors which diffr in th valus for th pairs of th consrvd additiv quantum numbrs L and V mn Q or B and Q can b sn if w rprsnt th vctors in th form of th radius-vctors th coordinats of thir nds bing qual to th componnts and on th plan ( G (fig.. V mn G G G G V ν V V V V V V W V V 4 Z V 57 V W V 4 V 5 V 46 V 56 V 44 V 55 V 45 ν G Figur : Th vctor-diagrams of th bastron stats: a Th radius-vctors for th bastron stats juxtaposd to wakly intracting particls and V mm antiparticls b Th radius-vctors antiparticls. V mn for th bastron stats juxtaposd to hadrons and thir
Th moduls of th radius-vctors V mm corrsponding th wakly intracting particls ar idntical 6 and th angls btwn thm ar multipl of. Th moduls of groups of th radius-vctors / mm ar idntical as wll as with th vctors V mm and th angls btwn th radius-vctors of th stats V mn corrsponding hadrons ar multipl of /6. For th radius-vctors V mm shown in Fig. a th qualitis (5 occur and for th radius-vctors V mn diffrnt possibl transformations of th bastron stats. th qualitis (5 and (6 occur. Thy dscrib It is obvious from th qualitis (7 and ( that antiparticls ar th sam bastron stats as th particls. If th stat vctor corrsponds to an antiparticl. Vmn corrsponds to a particl thn th stat vctor V = V V m n m n 6 Transformation of th bastron stats Now w considr th transformation of subatomic particls as th stats of a bastron. Transmutation of such particls occurs as a rsult of a bastron transition from on stat into anothr. Lt us considr this procss at gratr lngth. Lt th bastron changs ovr from th stat B( V mn to th stat B( V m n or B( V mn. Thn it follows from th qualitis (5 or (6 that this transition is accompanid by apparanc of a nw bastron in th stat V or B V accordingly. B( m n ( m n According to th statd concpt th initial bastron as it can b sn from th qualitis ( and (4 transforms into two bastrons in othr stats. Howvr it is incorrct to considr this procss as a division of th initial bastron into two parts. A bastron dosn t contain any parts it could b dividd into. Thrfor th procsss ( and (4 ar du to th mchanism that dosn t brak th intgrity of a bastron. Th main point of this mchanism is in th following. Whn th bastron changs ovr from th stat B( V mn to th stat B( V m n th vctor of a nw stat Vm n can b prsntd according to (5 in th form of V = V m n m n ( V m n. (7 Th qualitis (7 can b intrprtd in th following way: in th transition B( V mn B ( V m n th bastron in th stat of B( V mn ntirly absorbs a virtual bastron in th stat of B( V m n takn from a virtual pair of bastrons bastron of this pair in th stat of B( V B( V B( m n m n m n virt. Following which th scond virtual V bcoms ral (Fig. a. W should not hr that if th vctor V mn corrsponds to th particl thn th vctor Vmn = Vm n corrsponds to th antiparticl.
7 B( V mn B( B( V m n V mn B( V mn B( V m- n- B( V m- n B( V m- n- B( V m- n virtual pair B( V m- n- virtual pair B( V m- n a b Figur : a Th bastron transition from th stat B V to th stat V and apparing of a nw bastron in th stat of ( mn B ( m n V b Th bastron transition from th stat B V to th B( m n B ( V mn m n stat and apparing of a nw bastron in th stat of B( V. ( mn In th xamind procss th initial bastron absorbs a virtual bastron compltly rathr than som its part and aftr this th scond bastron of th virtual pair bcoms th ral on. This bastron mrgs ntirly from th vacuum and is not built up of som parts. Thrfor th numbr of bastrons may not consrv whn its stat is changing and for ths procsss it is not rquird at all th bastron to consist of som parts. Th bastron always participat in any procsss as a whol objct as a structural unit of mattr [4]. 7 Conclusions In th prsntd concpt basd on th law of distribution of pair additiv quantum numbrs th indpndnt subatomic particls and antiparticls obsrvd in natur ar considrd to b diffrnt stats of th sam microcosm objct calld a bastron. From th law of distribution of pair additiv quantum numbrs it follows that thr ar two groups of th bastron stats which diffr in valus of quantum numbrs. Th smallr group in numbr is asy to b put in corrspondnc with th wakly intracting particls and antiparticls and th largr on in numbr to th hadrons and thir antiparticls. In th prsntd concpt only th bastron stats can b indpndnt stats. Th proprtis of quarks don t corrspond to th bastron stats and prhaps du to this fact thy don t xist as fr particls. Th ida of a bastron is indirctly confirmd by th fact that th quarks hav faild to b discovrd outsid hadrons yt. Th concpt brifly prsntd hr can b calld a bastron pattrn of th microcosm. In this pattrn thr is no absolut lmntary objct th subatomic particls would consist of but th subatomic particls as diffrnt stats of th bastron appard as a rsult of th primary mattr dcay and thrfor th stats of th bastron corrsponding to th antiparticls could not appar. Th concpt of a bastron can b brifly xprssd as follows: any subatomic particl or its antiparticl is a bastron in som dfinit stat. Thrfor a bastron is mor gnral concpt than a subatomic particl. It can b dscribd only with a rang of stats in which it can b.
8 8 Rfrnc. E.N. Klnov On th law of distribution of additiv quantum numbrs of strongly and wakly intracting particls Rostov-on-Don p.6. Dp. in VINITI 7.8. #88-B.. E.N. Klnov A bastron modl as an original basis of lmntary particls Rostov-on-Don. p.9 Dp. in VINITI.. Dp.#948 B. E.N. Klnov Th bastron structur of lmntary particls /RGASHM GOU Rostov-on-Don P.4 4. E.N. Klnov Th structural unit of th mattr and its stat / RGASHM GOU Rostov-on-Don 6 P.86