Introduction to Ethernet and IP in automotive vehicles Webinar V1.02 2014-05-14
Agenda > Information 3 Introduction 6 Physical layers 8 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN 14 Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) 18 TCP and UDP 22 Use-oriented protocols 27 Summary and outlook 32 Slide: 2
Information Moderator Dipl. Ing. (FH), M.Sc. Jan Bossert Technical Trainer Areas of responsibility CAN, FlexRay, Ethernet and IP CANoe and CANalyzer Email: academy@vector.com Slide: 3
Information Vector trainings/workshops VectorAcademy Basics: > CAN, LIN, Ethernet and IP, Products: > CANoe, CANalyzer, CANape, Software components: > AUTOSAR, OSEK/VDX, Additional information: > www.vector-academy.com Slide: 4
Agenda Information 3 >Introduction 6 Physical layers 8 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN 14 Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) 18 TCP and UDP 22 Use-oriented protocols 27 Summary and outlook 32 Slide: 5
Introduction Application area Service Control/Discovery Diagnostics and Flash Update Measurement and Calibration Audio/Video Time Sync Smart Charging 7 6 SOME/IP DoIP XCP 5 AVB ISO 15118 Part 1 + 2 4 TCP/UDP 3 IPv4/IPv6 2 1 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN Ethernet PHY (Open Alliance BroadR-Reach, IEEE 100Base-TX/1000Base-T) ISO 15118 Part 3 Slide: 6
Agenda Information 3 Introduction 6 > Physical layers 8 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN 14 Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) 18 TCP and UDP 22 Use-oriented protocols 27 Summary and outlook 32 Slide: 7
Physical layers Ethernet topology in automotive Slide: 8
Physical layers Components of an ECU µc: HOST Contains application and basic software Needs a IEEE Ethernet MAC for Ethernet communication MII: Medium Independent Interface Connection between µc and PHY MDI: Medium Dependent Interface Connection to physical layer Slide: 9
Physical layers Open Alliance BroadR-Reach ECU 1 Coding/Decoding: ECU 2 4B3B, 3B2T, PAM3 MASTER BroadR-Reach PHY MDI Clock recovery/synchronization: Master-slave behavior Configured in PHY SLAVE BroadR-Reach PHY MDI UTP: Unshielded Twisted Pair 100 Mbit/s FULL DUPLEX Slide: 10
Physical layers IEEE 100Base-TX 100Base-TX PHY Coding/Decoding: ECU 1 ECU 2 Clock recovery/synchronization: NRZI, 4B5B, MLT-3 Each path is activated by transmitter Synchronization is done continuously 100Base-TX PHY MDI MDI Tx Rx Tx Rx 100 Mbit/s FULL DUPLEX Slide: 11
Physical layers IEEE 1000Base-T Coding/Decoding: 4D-PAM5, 8B1Q4 Clock recovery: Master-slave behavior Role is configured or negotiated Slide: 12
Agenda Information 3 Introduction 6 Physical layers 8 > IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN 14 Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) 18 TCP and UDP 22 Use-oriented protocols 27 Summary and outlook 32 Slide: 13
IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN Properties Independent data link layer which supports different PHYs Defines basic functions for communication: > Bus access: CSMA/CD > Frame format: Ethernet Frame > Addressing: Node addressing Detailed sub-layers of layer 2: > LLC: Logical Link Control Controls different connections of higher layers > MAC: Medium Access Control Provides above-named functions Slide: 14
IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN MAC addresses and VLAN Slide: 15
IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN Ethernet Frame PRB: Preamble (Start of transmission) Type: Value 1500 (0x05DC) DA: Destination Address > Ethernet 802.3 Frame > Length in Byte SA: Source Address Type: Value > 1536 (0x0600) Payload: Data field (42-1500 Byte) > Ethernet II Frame > 0x8100: VLAN Tag (see VLAN) CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check Slide: 16
Agenda Information 3 Introduction 6 Physical layers 8 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN 14 > Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) 18 TCP and UDP 22 Use-oriented protocols 27 Summary and outlook 32 Slide: 17
Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) Properties Allows routing of data packets across network boundaries Two versions are available > IPv4: Four Byte addresses (32 Bit) > IPv6: Sixteen Byte addresses (128 Bit) Is using Ethernet Frames: > IPv4: Type 0x0800 > IPv6: Type 0x86DD Slide: 18
Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) IP addresses (Example IPv4) Slide: 19
Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) IP packet (IPv4) 2 Byte VER IHL TOS IPv4 packet LGT > VER: Used IP version (v4, v6) > IHL: Header length in DWORD ID > TOS: Type of Service (priority) FL FO > LGT: Length of packet incl. Header in Byte > ID: Packet identifier TTL PRT > FL: Packet fragmentation HCRC SA (Byte 0..1) > FO: Fragment Offset > TTL: Time To Live > PRT: Protocol field SA (Byte 2..3) > HCRC: Header CRC DA (Byte 0..1) > SA: Source Address > DA: Destination Address DA (Byte 2..3) > Options: Additional options (optional) Options* Slide: 20
Agenda Information 3 Introduction 6 Physical layers 8 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN 14 Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) 18 >TCP and UDP 22 Use-oriented protocols 27 Summary and outlook 32 Slide: 21
TCP and UDP Introduction TCP: Transmission Control Protocol Allows connection-oriented communication UDP: User Datagram Protocol Allows connectionless communication TCP and UDP Ports are used for addressing > Source Port: Transmitter source port > Destination Port: Receiver destination port Are using IP packets: > TCP: protocol field = 6 > UDP: protocol field = 17 Slide: 22
TCP and UDP TCP/UDP ports Slide: 23
TCP and UDP TCP segment TCP segment > SP: Source Port > DP: Destination Port > SEQ No.: Sequence number > ACK No.: Acknowledgement number > OFF: Length of TCP header without data > res: Not used > FLAGS: Control flags (see next slide) > WIN: Sliding window > CHK: Checksum > UP: Urgent Pointer if URG Flag is set > options*: Optional additional information > data: Data field Slide: 24
TCP and UDP UDP packet UDP packet > SP: Source Port > DP: Destination Port > Length: Length of packet inclusive header (minimum 8 Byte) > Checksum: Optional checksum > Data: Data field Slide: 25
Agenda Information 3 Introduction 6 Physical layers 8 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN 14 Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) 18 TCP and UDP 22 > Use-oriented protocols 27 Summary and outlook 32 Slide: 26
Use-oriented protocols SOME/IP: Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware over IP Application areas: > SOME/IP: Service-oriented data transmission for controlled communication > SOME/IP-SD: SOME/IP Service Discovery Uses TCP or UDP packets: > UDP: connectionless communication > TCP: connection-oriented communication Description file: FIBEX 4.1 > Describes services and content of services (Method, event, field) Slide: 27
Use-oriented protocols DoIP: Diagnostics over IP Diagnostics and Flash Update 7 Application areas: > Diagnostics over Ethernet and IP 6 DoIP > Flash programming 5 Needs TCP or UDP packets: > UDP: connectionless communication 4 TCP/UDP > TCP: connection-oriented communication 3 IPv4/IPv6 Description file: CDD, ODX, etc. 2 Ethernet MAC + VLAN > Describes available diagnostic services 1 Ethernet PHY Slide: 28
Use-oriented protocols XCP: Universal Measurement and Calibration Protocol Application areas: > Measurement (asynchronous/synchronous) > Calibration (adjusting/parameterizing) > Flash programming Needs TCP or UDP packets: > UDP: connectionless communication > TCP: connections-oriented communication Description file: A2L > Describes memory addresses and available objects of an ECU Slide: 29
Use-oriented protocols AVB: Audio Video Bridging Application area: > Time synchronous data transmission > Real time data transmission > Priority controlled data transmission Needs Ethernet Frames or VLAN Frames: > Ethernet Type: 0x88F7 (IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol) Sub-division of AVB: > IEEE 802.1Qav/AS/Qat: Synchronization, real time data transmission, priority controlled transmission > IEEE 1722: Optional transport protocol > IEC 61883: Structure of Audio/Video streaming Slide: 30
Agenda Information 3 Introduction 6 Physical layers 8 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN 14 Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6) 18 TCP and UDP 22 Use-oriented protocols 27 > Summary and outlook 32 Slide: 31
Summary and outlook Application areas Service Control/Discovery Diagnostics and Flash Update Measurement and Calibration Audio/Video Time Sync Smart Charging 7 6 SOME/IP DoIP XCP 5 AVB ISO 15118 Part 1 + 2 4 TCP/UDP 3 IPv4/IPv6 2 1 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN Ethernet PHY (Open Alliance BroadR-Reach, IEEE 100Base-TX/1000Base-T) ISO 15118 Part 3 Slide: 32
Summary and outlook CANoe/CANalyzer.Ethernet CANoe/CANalyzer Demo including IP/Ethernet: > Measuring, analyzing, simulation, testing of Ethernet and IP based communication > Free demo version: www.vector.com/vi_downloadcenter_de.html Products: CANoe, Categories: Demos SCC AddOn (needs CANoe.Ethernet): > Measuring, analyzing, simulation, testing of Smart Charge Communication > Free download: www.vector.com/vi_downloadcenter_de.html Products: CANoe, Categories: AddOns/Freeware CANoe/CANalyzer.Ethernet Slide: 33
Summary and outlook Additional webinars IP, SOME/IP, BroadR-Reach: Prototype and test development with CANoe/CANalyzer.Ethernet and VN5610: > Thursday, June 26th, 2014 between 10:00 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. > Moderator: Hans-Werner Schaal > Target group: System and ECU developers, experts in system integration and testing in this field MICROSAR IP: The Vector Embedded Ethernet Stack and its use-cases : > Tuesday, May 21st, 2014 between 09:00 a.m. and 10:00 a.m. > Moderator: Marc Weber > Target group: ECU application developers, software engineers and architects, software project managers Slide: 34
Summary and outlook Additional Events Automotive Ethernet Symposium (free of charge): > Tuesday, May 27th, 2014 between 10:00 a.m. and 05:00 p.m > Location: Stuttgart (Germany), Liederhalle > Language: German and additional simultaneous translation to English > Lectures: Daimler, BMW, Hella, NXP, TTTech, Vector > Registration and agenda: www.vector.com/aes14 Slide: 35
Thank you for your attention. For detailed information about Vector and our products please have a look at: www.vector.com Author: Bossert, Jan Vector Informatik GmbH Slide: 36