Wheel Alignment And Diagnostic Angles (STE04)

Module 1 Alignments Wheel Alignment And Diagnostic Angles (STE04) A. Alignments 2. Conditions Requiring An Alignment 3. Conditions Requiring An Alignment (cont d) 4. Why We Do Checks/Alignments 5. Alignment Check 6. Alignment Check Activity 7. Alignment 8. Alignment Cautions B. Pre-Repair And Alignment Checklist 1. Pre-Repair/Alignment Inspection 2. Pre-Repair/Alignment Inspection (cont d) 3. Pre-Repair/Alignment Inspection (cont d) 4. Recording Pre-Alignment Front Angles 5. Recording Pre-Alignment Rear Angles C. Review D. Conclusion Module 2 Rear Vehicle Diagnostic Measurements A. Wheelbase 2. Wheelbase 3. Wheelbase As A Diagnostic Measurement 4. Inconsistent Side-To-Side Wheelbase B. Setback 1. Setback 2. Setback (cont d) C. Tracking 1. Wheel Tracking 2. Wheel Tracking Quick-Check Tools 3. Wheel Tracking Quick-Check Step 1 4. Wheel Tracking Quick-Check Step 2 5. Wheel Tracking Quick-Check Step 3 6. Wheel Tracking Quick-Check Step 4 7. Wheel Tracking Quick-Check Step 5 D. Thrust Angle 1. Thrust Angle 2. Out-Of-Specification Thrust Angle 2003 Inter-Industry Conference On Auto Collision Repair 1

3. Incorrect Thrust Angle Causes 4. Thrust Angle Alignment 5. Measuring For Thrust Angle Misalignment E. Thrust Angle Activity 1. Thrust Angle Check Activity 2. Thrust Angle Check Activity F. Rear Axle Offset 1. Rear Axle Offset 2. Measuring Rear Axle Offset G. Rear Angles 1. Rear Wheel Alignment Angles 2. Rear Wheel Alignment Angles (cont d) 3. Rear Wheel Angle Adjustments H. Tracking Activity 1. I-CAR Vehicle Tracking 2. Diagnosing Incorrect Thrust Angle 3. Diagnosing Incorrect Thrust Angle Activity (cont d) 4. Diagnosing Incorrect Thrust Angle Activity (cont d) 5. Diagnosing Incorrect Thrust Angle Activity (cont d) 6. I-CAR Vehicle Offset 7. Diagnosing Incorrect Offset Activity 8. Diagnosing Incorrect Offset Activity (cont d) 9. Diagnosing Incorrect Offset Activity (cont d) 10. Independent Rear Suspension 11. Incorrect Independent Rear Suspension 12. Incorrect Independent Rear Suspension Activity 13. Incorrect Independent Rear Suspension Activity (cont d) 14. Incorrect Independent Rear Suspension Activity (cont d) I. Review J. Conclusion 3. Conclusion (cont d) Module 3 Front Wheel Caster A. Caster Defined 2. Caster 3. Positive Caster 4. Excessive Positive Caster 5. Caster Near Zero 6. Video: Caster Moved From Zero To Positive 7. Caster And Projected Vehicle Load 8. Positive Caster And Spindle Movement 9. Zero Caster And Spindle Movement 10. Caster And Tire Wear 2003 Inter-Industry Conference On Auto Collision Repair 2

11. Positive Caster And Camber Roll 12. Less Positive Caster and Cornering 13. Camber Roll, Caster, And Tire Wear 14. Caster Variables 15. Measuring Caster 16. Measuring Caster (cont d) 17. Video: Measuring Caster On A Vehicle B. Caster Adjustment Locations 1. Adjustment Locations 2. MacPherson Strut And Caster Adjustment 3. SLA Caster Adjustment 4. Video: Caster Adjustment 5. Solid Axle Caster Adjustment C. Strut Suspension Pivot Point Locations 1. Determining Pivot Point Locations 2. Determining Pivot Point Locations (cont d) D. SLA Suspension Pivot Point Locations 1. SLA Upper Pivot Point Locations 2. SLA Lower Pivot Point Locations E. Solid Axle Pivot Point Locations 1. Solid Axle Upper Pivot Point Locations 2. Solid Axle Lower Pivot Point Location 3. Video: Pivot Point Location 4. Caster Diagnosis And Alignment Specifications 5. Diagnosing Caster 6. Diagnosing Right Side Caster 7. Diagnosing Left Side Caster 8. Diagnosing Caster Pull F. Review G. Conclusion 3. Conclusion (cont d) Module 4 Camber A. Camber Defined 2. Camber 3. Positive Camber 4. Zero Camber 5. Negative Camber 6. Video: Camber Movement 7. Measuring Camber 8. Measuring Camber For An Alignment 9. Video: Measuring Camber 10. Camber Specifications 2003 Inter-Industry Conference On Auto Collision Repair 3

11. Pre-Adjustment Considerations 12. Pre-Adjustment Considerations (cont d) 13. Adjusting Camber 14. Strut Suspension Adjustable Camber 15. Strut Suspension Adjustable Camber (cont d) 16. SLA Adjusting Camber 17. Adjusting Camber On Solid Axles 18. Video: Adjusting Camber 19. Incorrect Camber 20. Specification Manuals 21. Moving Camber At Strut Tower One Degree 22. Moving SLA Camber One Degree 23. Moving Solid Axle Camber One Degree 24. Vehicle Alterations That Affect Camber B. Camber Activity 1. Camber Check Activity 2. Camber Check Activity (cont d) 3. I-CAR Vehicle Camber 4. Diagnosing Incorrect Camber Activity 5. Diagnosing Incorrect Camber Activity (cont d) 6. Diagnosing Incorrect Camber Activity (cont d) C. Review D. Conclusion 3. Conclusion (cont d) Module 5 Toe A. Toe Defined 2. Toe 3. Toe (cont d) 4. Negative Toe 5. Negative Toe (cont d) 6. Positive Toe 7. Zero Toe 8. Uneven Toe 9. Toe Measurements 10. Individual Toe 11. Total Toe 12. Vehicle Maker Toe Specifications 13. Pre-Toe Adjustment Considerations 14. Incorrect Wheel Position 15. Adjusting Front Toe 16. Video: Adjusting Front Toe 17. Tie Rod/Control Arm Relationship 2003 Inter-Industry Conference On Auto Collision Repair 4

18. Tie Rod/Control Arm Relationship (cont d) 19. Tie Rod/Control Arm Relationship (cont d) 20. Bump Steer 21. Bump Steer (cont'd) 22. Bump Steer Inspection 23. Bump Steer Inspection (cont d) 24. Bump Steer Inspection (cont d) B. Toe Activity 1. Toe Check Activity 2. Toe Check Activity (cont d) 3. I-CAR Vehicle Toe 4. Diagnosing Incorrect Toe Activity 5. Diagnosing Incorrect Toe Activity (cont d) 6. Caster, Camber, And Toe Angle Activity 7. Diagnosing Caster, Camber, and Toe Activity 8. Diagnosing Caster, Camber, and Toe Activity (cont d) 9. Diagnosing Caster, Camber, and Toe Activity (cont d) 10. Diagnosing Caster, Camber, and Toe Activity (cont d) 11. Diagnosing Toe Activity 12. Diagnosing Camber Activity 13. Diagnosing Incorrect Toe Activity C. Ride Height 1. Ride Height 2. Ride Height (cont d) 3. Incorrect Ride Height 4. Measuring Ride Height 5. Inspecting A Sagging Suspension 6. Ride Height Measurements 7. Parts That Affect Ride Height D. Toe-Out-On-Turns 1. Toe-Out-On-Turns 2. Toe-Out-On-Turns (cont d) 3. Toe-Out-On-Turns (cont d) 4. Video: Measuring Toe-Out-On-Turns 5. Wheels Do Not Turn Sharp Enough 6. Incorrect Toe-Out-On-Turns E. Steering Axis Inclination (SAI) 1. Steering Axis Inclination (SAI) 2. Steering Axis Inclination (SAI) (cont d) 3. Function Of SAI 4. SAI Specifications 5. No SAI Specifications Available 6. Identifying SAI 7. Identifying SAI (cont d) 8. Measuring An Upper Pivot 9. Measuring A Lower Pivot Point 10. Video: Measuring SAI 11. Causes Of Improper SAI 12. Excessive SAI 2003 Inter-Industry Conference On Auto Collision Repair 5

13. Inadequate SAI 14. Correcting SAI 15. Adjusting SAI And Camber 16. Adjusting Strut SAI 17. Adjusting SLA SAI F. SAI Activity 1. SAI Diagnosis Activity 2. SAI Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 3. SAI Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 4. SAI Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 5. SAI Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 6. SAI Diagnosis Activity (cont d) G. Included Angle 1. Included angle 2. Changing Strut Included Angle At Upper Pivot 3. Changing Included Angle And Camber 4. Changing Included Angle SLA 5. Solid Axle Included Angle 6. Video: Changing Included Angle 7. Pre-Camber Adjustment Considerations H. Included Angle Activity 1. Included Angle Diagnosis Activity 2. Included Angle Diagnosis Activity 3. Included Angle Diagnosis Activity (cont d) I. Scrub Radius 1. Scrub Radius 2. Positive Scrub Radius 3. Negative Scrub Radius 4. Incorrect Scrub Radius 5. Video: Changing Scrub Radius J. Scrub Radius Activity 1. Scrub Radius Diagnosis Activity 2. Scrub Radius Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 3. Scrub Radius Diagnosis Activity 4. Scrub Radius Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 5. Scrub Radius Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 6. Scrub Radius Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 7. Scrub Radius Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 8. Scrub Radius Diagnosis Activity (cont d) K. Review L. Conclusion Module 6 Alignments A. Types Of Alignments 2003 Inter-Industry Conference On Auto Collision Repair 6

2. Two-Wheel Alignments 3. Four-Wheel Alignment 4. Sublet Alignments 5. Post-Alignment Test Drive B. I-CAR Vehicle Alignment 1. Total Vehicle Alignment 2. Total Vehicle Alignment (cont d) 3. Total Vehicle Alignment (cont d) 4. Total Vehicle Alignment (cont d) 5. Measurements Before An Alignment 6. Center The Steering Wheel Check 7. Total Vehicle Alignment Diagnosis Activity 8. Total Vehicle Alignment Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 9. Total Vehicle Alignment Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 10. Total Vehicle Alignment Diagnosis Activity (cont d) 11. Total Vehicle Alignment Diagnosis Activity (cont d) C. Conclusion 2. Post-Test 2003 Inter-Industry Conference On Auto Collision Repair 7