SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION HISTORY P1 STANDARD GRADE 2014 MARKS: 150 TIME: 2½ hours This question paper consists of 8 pages and a 12-page addendum. 3
History/SG/P1 2 DBE/2014 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION Read the following instructions carefully before deciding on which questions to answer. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. This question paper consists of TWO sections, namely SECTION A and SECTION B. SECTION A consists of SIX essay questions. SECTION B consists of THREE source-based questions. Source material to be used to answer these questions is contained in the ADDENDUM. You are allowed to answer ONE essay question and ONE source-based question on the same theme. Do NOT answer TWO essay questions on the same theme. Answer THREE questions: 6.1 6.2 At least ONE must be an essay question and at least ONE must be a source-based question. YOU MUST ANSWER AT LEAST ONE QUESTION ON THE COMPULSORY THEME: SOUTH AFRICA THE PERIOD 1948 TO 1976 (EITHER AN ESSAY QUESTION OR A SOURCE- BASED QUESTION). 7. 8. 9. 10. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Time allocated for this question paper should be utilised wisely in the answering of questions, preferably about 50 minutes per question. The mere rewriting of sources in the answering of questions will disadvantage candidates. Write neatly and legibly.
History/SG/P1 3 DBE/2014 SECTION A: ESSAY QUESTIONS Answer at least ONE question and not more than TWO questions from this section. QUESTION 1: THE PERIOD 1924 TO 1948 Answer either QUESTION 1A or QUESTION 1B. Do NOT answer both questions. QUESTION 1A Discuss the various factors which contributed to the formation and split of the United Party in 1939. OR QUESTION 1B Describe how the question of participation of South Africa in the Second World War led to the downfall of General JC Smuts in the 1948 elections. QUESTION 2: THE PERIOD 1948 TO 1976 Answer either QUESTION 2A or QUESTION 2B. Do NOT answer both questions. QUESTION 2A Explain the role played by the various Prime Ministers of South Africa from 1948 to the attainment of republican status in 1961. QUESTION 2B OR Discuss how extra-parliamentary resistance against the apartheid regime intensified between 1960 and 1976. QUESTION 3: THE PERIOD 1976 TO 1994 Answer either QUESTION 3A or QUESTION 3B. Do NOT answer both questions. QUESTION 3A Discuss the role played by the trade union movement in resisting the apartheid regime in the 1980s. OR QUESTION 3B Explain how the process of negotiations among the various political stakeholders led to the birth of a new democratic South Africa in 1994.
History/SG/P1 4 DBE/2014 SECTION B: SOURCE-BASED QUESTIONS Answer at least ONE question from this section. Source material to be used to answer these questions is contained in the ADDENDUM. QUESTION 4: THE PERIOD 1924 TO 1948 4.1 WHAT CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES DID THE PACT GOVERNMENT BRING ABOUT TO THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA BETWEEN 1924 AND 1934? Use Sources 4A, 4B and 4C to answer the following questions. 4.1.1 Use Source 4A. What impact did the following have on South Africa? (i) Colonial Laws Validity Act (1865) (1 x 2) (ii) Balfour Declaration (1926) (1 x 2) Explain the significance that the Statute of Westminster had on Hertzog's pact government. (2 x 2) Comment to what extent Hertzog was successful in achieving the aims of the Pact government. (2 x 2) 4.1.2 Study Source 4B. (d) How does the cartoonist depict the relationship between General JC Smuts and General JBM Hertzog? (1 x 2) Why did the cartoonist portray General JC Smuts as a woman? Use evidence from the source to support your answer. (2 x 2) Explain why the Die Burger newspaper decided to publish this particular cartoon. (2 x 2) Using the information in the source and your own knowledge, what motivated Hertzog and Smuts to work together in the 1930s? (2 x 2) 4.1.3 Refer to Source 4C. Why do you think Colonel Stallard and Dr Malan are depicted as walking away from Hertzog and Smuts? (2 x 2) What message is conveyed by the flag carried by Colonel Stallard? (1 x 2) How useful is the information in this source to a historian studying the history of fusion government in the 1930s? (2 x 2)
History/SG/P1 5 DBE/2014 4.1.4 Compare Sources 4B and 4C. Explain how the political landscape in South Africa changed after 1934. (2 x 2) 4.1.5 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about 10 lines (about 100 words) explaining the impact of the constitutional changes on South Africa in the 1930s. (10)
History/SG/P1 6 DBE/2014 QUESTION 5: THE PERIOD 1948 TO 1976 5.1 WHAT ROLE DID EXTRA-PARLIAMENTARY ORGANISATIONS PLAY IN INTENSIFYING THE RESISTANCE AGAINST THE APARTHEID REGIME AFTER 1949? Use Sources 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D to answer the following questions. 5.1.1 Study Source 5A. Why was the 1950s referred to as a decade of 'petty apartheid'? (1 x 2) Explain the effects of the Reservation of Separate Amenities Act on black South Africans. (2 x 2) Explain the impact of the State of Emergency on black South Africans. (1 x 2) 5.1.2 Refer to Source 5B. (d) (e) Why was the Programme of Action important for the ANC? (1 x 2) What factors prompted the ANC to participate in May Day celebrations with the Communist Party in 1950? (2 x 2) How did the National Executive Committee of the ANC respond to the killing of unarmed protesters? (1 x 2) Explain why you think there was a need for black South Africans to embark on a joint campaign of resistance against the apartheid regime. (2 x 2) What are the limitations of this source to a historian studying the defiance campaign? (2 x 2) 5.1.3 Use Source 5C. What significance does this photograph have for the role of women in the struggle? (1 x 2) What does the photograph tell you about the workers' unity in the 1950s? (1 x 2) Explain how the South African Police would have responded to protest meetings as shown in this photograph. (1 x 2)
History/SG/P1 7 DBE/2014 5.1.4 Refer to Source 5D. What important lessons did the following learn from the 1950s defiance campaign? Employers (1 x 2) Traders (1 x 2) The masses of black South Africans (1 x 2) 5.1.5 Compare Sources 5B and 5D. Explain how the information in these sources is similar regarding the defiance campaign. (2 x 2) 5.1.6 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about 10 lines (about 100 words) describing the role played by extra-parliamentary organisations in intensifying the resistance against the apartheid regime. (10)
History/SG/P1 8 DBE/2014 QUESTION 6: THE PERIOD 1976 TO 1994 6.1 WHY DID PW BOTHA DECIDE TO RELEASE NELSON MANDELA FROM PRISON IN THE 1980s? Use Sources 6A, 6B and 6C to answer the following questions. 6.1.1 Refer to Source 6A. Explain the messages being conveyed in this cartoon. (2 x 2) Why do you think the Eminent Persons Group wanted PW Botha to hold talks with Nelson Mandela? (1 x 2) Explain why PW Botha was not willing to talk to Nelson Mandela. (2 x 2) 6.1.2 Study Source 6B. (d) What factors do you think prompted PW Botha to deliver this speech? (2 x 2) Explain why the Natal Congress of the National Party was regarded as significant. (2 x 3) Comment on Botha's statement: 'I am not prepared to lead white South Africa and other minority groups on a road to abdication and suicide'. (2 x 2) Explain why you think Botha's manifesto revealed that he was not ready to negotiate with Nelson Mandela. (2 x 2) (6) 6.1.3 Consult Source 6C. (d) Quote a statement from the source which illustrates that Mandela was a loyal and disciplined member of the ANC. (1 x 2) Why did Mandela reject the conditions put to him by PW Botha? (2 x 2) 'I cherish my freedom but I care even more for your freedom.' Comment on the significance of this statement. (2 x 2) Nelson Mandela referred to freedoms that he was offered. Quote any TWO of these freedoms mentioned by Nelson Mandela in the source. (2 x 1) 6.1.4 Using the information in the relevant sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about 10 lines (about 100 words) explaining why PW Botha considered releasing Nelson Mandela in the 1980s. (10) TOTAL: 150