Rio Tinto Exploration strategy and exploration in Australia

Rio Tinto Exploration strategy and exploration in Australia Ian Ledlie Exploration Director Australia-Asia Region Diggers and Dealers 2015 3 August 2015

Cautionary statement This presentation has been prepared by Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited ( Rio Tinto ). By accessing/attending this presentation you acknowledge that you have read and understood the following statement. Forward-looking statements This document contains certain forward-looking statements with respect to the financial condition, results of operations and business of the Rio Tinto Group. These statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the US Securities Act of 1933, and Section 21E of the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The words intend, aim, project, anticipate, estimate, plan, believes, expects, may, should, will, target, set to or similar expressions, commonly identify such forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include those regarding estimated ore reserves, anticipated production or construction dates, costs, outputs and productive lives of assets or similar factors. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors set forth in this presentation. For example, future ore reserves will be based in part on market prices that may vary significantly from current levels. These may materially affect the timing and feasibility of particular developments. Other factors include the ability to produce and transport products profitably, demand for our products, changes to the assumptions regarding the recoverable value of our tangible and intangible assets, the effect of foreign currency exchange rates on market prices and operating costs, and activities by governmental authorities, such as changes in taxation or regulation, and political uncertainty. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, actual results could be materially different from projected future results expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements which speak only as to the date of this presentation. Except as required by applicable regulations or by law, the Rio Tinto Group does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or future events. The Group cannot guarantee that its forward-looking statements will not differ materially from actual results. In this presentation all figures are US dollars unless stated otherwise. Disclaimer Neither this presentation, nor the question and answer session, nor any part thereof, may be recorded, transcribed, distributed, published or reproduced in any form, except as permitted by Rio Tinto. By accessing/ attending this presentation, you agree with the foregoing and, upon request, you will promptly return any records or transcripts at the presentation without retaining any copies. This presentation contains a number of non-ifrs financial measures. Rio Tinto management considers these to be key financial performance indicators of the business and they are defined and/or reconciled in Rio Tinto s annual results press release and/or Annual report. 2

RTX Traditional Owner Engagement It often starts with exploration Holistic and lifecycle approach to Indigenous engagement across Rio Tinto Four key platforms Regional development and land access agreements Relationships Community capacity building Cultural heritage and land management Funding bodies that support Indigenous-directed programmes Opportunity Rio Tinto supports the national Recognise campaign for constitutional recognition of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Respect 3

Rio Tinto Exploration 2015 operational footprint Exploring for 8 different commodities across 18 countries Aluminium Copper & Coal Diamonds & Minerals Iron Ore Greenfield projects Brownfield projects 4 Updated June 2015

1947 1950 1953 1956 1959 1962 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 65 year track record Discovery success 1947 Lac Allard Ilmenite 1956 Sangaredi Bauxite 1962 Tom Price Iron Ore 1970 Tarong (QLD) Coal 1982 Moro de Ouro Gold 1996 Diavik Diamonds 2004 Simandou Iron Ore 2008 Bunder Diamonds 1953 Elliot Lake Uranium 1956 Palabora Copper 1964 Panguna Copper 1979 Argyle Diamonds 1983 Lihir Gold 1991 Corumba Iron ore 1996 Las Cruces Copper 2002 Resolution Copper 2004 Constancia Copper 2008 Mutamba Ilmenite 2014 Yandi Braid Iron Ore 1996 Sepon Copper 2004 Eagle Nickel 2008 Sulawesi Nickel 1977 Kelian Gold 1984 Kaltim Prima Coal 1999 Murowa Diamonds 2005 La Granja Copper 2013 Saskatchewan Potash 1955 Mary Kathleen Uranium 1960 Seirrita Copper 1968 OK Tedi Copper 1972 Paragominas Bauxite 1986 Kintyre Uranium 2000 PRC Potash 2005 Caliwingina Iron Ore 2011 Amargosa Bauxite 1955 Weipa Bauxite 1960 Kirka Borates 1968 Rössing Uranium 1972 Richards Bay Ilmenite 1990 Century Lead-Zinc 2007 Chapudi Coal 2009 Jadar Lithium Founding discoveries for key product groups Australian discoveries since 1990 5

Rio Tinto significant discoveries 2000 to 2014 Majority of Rio Tinto discoveries since 2000 are outside the OECD Saskatchewan 2012, potash Resolution 2002, copper Eagle 2004, nickel** Simandou 2004, iron ore Jadar 2009, borate/lithium Bunder, 2008, diamonds Sulawesi 2008, nickel laterite*** Aluminium Copper & Coal Diamonds & Minerals Iron Ore Greenfield projects Brownfield projects La Granja 2005, copper Amargosa 2011, bauxite Potasio Rio Colorado 2000, potash* Mutamba 2008, mineral sands Yandi Braid 2014, iron ore Caliwingina 2005, iron ore 6 *sold to Vale in 2009 **sold to Lundin in 2013 ***sold in 2014

Timeline The key to value creation is rigorous opportunity prioritisation Exploration Accountability Product Group Accountability Area Selection Target Generation Target Testing Project of Merit Order of Magnitude Discovery Pre Feasibility Feasibility Mine & Process 100% of targets Exploration on an industry-wide basis is a high-risk activity Success - the creation of value -demands ongoing rigorous testing and prioritisation of opportunities <0.1% of targets Getting the process right requires technical expertise, high-quality management and rigorous prioritisation Discovery Production 0yrs ~10yrs ~25yrs 7

Why has RTX been a successful Major exploration team? Safely and effectively conduct exploration in all jurisdictions World class social and environment license to operate Longevity, stable exploration strategy, company and corporate executive support and sustained funding Prime Terranes and global prioritisation to aid balancing technical and operational risk across greenfield and brownfield projects Focused and motivated team, fast adoption of key research Fieldwork and drilling Treat exploration like a business and pay our way - in the last decade US$1.7b spent on greenfield exploration US$2.2b generated from pre-decision to mine divestments 8

Exploration expenditure (real 2014 US$B) Number of Discoveries Exploration spend and discovery rate Significant mineral discoveries & expenditures (excluding bulk commodities) Significant* mineral discoveries (excluding bulk commodities) Western world: 1996-2014 25 20 15 Estimated spend (1996 2014): $155B Total number of discoveries (1996 2014): 1031 Number of discoveries Worldwide exploration expenditure (US$B) Expenditures 200 150 10 5 Discoveries Incomplete discovery data in recent years 100 50 0 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 0 Caution: Incomplete discovery data in recent years *Significant defined as >100Koz Au, >10Kt Ni, >100Kt Cu equiv, 250Kt Zn+Pb, >5Moz Ag, >5kt U 3 O 8 Source: Discoveries & expenditures - MinEx Consulting June 2015 9

Expenditures (real US$B) Metres drilled (millions) Industry context Australia Australian exploration spend continues to decline Drilled metres on existing (brownfield) and new (greenfield) projects All mineral commodities $5 Metres drilled; existing deposits 12 $4 $3 $2 Metres drilled; new deposits Expenditures Expenditures 2015 estimated spend: US$B1.1 10 8 6 4 $1 2 $0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 0 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics - From July 2000 value data no longer contains wholesale sales tax. *2015 expenditures based on an estimate (actual expenditure from Jan Mar: US$B0.2) 10

Non-technical barriers to exploration (Australian Government Productivity Commission Inquiry 2013) Increasingly longer time frames from concept to testing are impacting success rates Application for exploration licence a Public notification b Land access agreements and compensation for landholders Native title agreement In many instances, the first year of a licence period can be exhausted by the need to gain the necessary regulatory approvals truncating the time left for actual exploration activity Scope for public comment (some jurisdictions) Environmental assessment (some cases) Exploration licence granted Works and access approvals and agreements Exploration commences Heritage surveys Other land access agreements Works approval Environmental approvals Other approvals as required A A work program must be submitted with the application, but may not be part of the decision-making process. B Jurisdictions require different environmental, heritage and land access agreements to be completed at different stages of the exploration licence approval process. Source: Australian Government Productivity Commission Inquiry Report September 2013 11

Non-technical challenges to exploration Australia & Canada Timeframes for license access for exploration Timeframes to commence ground disturbing work are significantly shorter in Canada than Australia In WA the POW is now down to approximately 28 days, from 45 days in 2012 Improvements are happening but not in all States and not fast enough Exploration Process Australia Average timeframe (months) Canada Average timeframe (months) Concept 6-12 6 12 Application for claims 9 0.25 Permits or work access approvals for ground work* (sampling, drilling, etc) Total (months) (years) 18 60 2 ~ 33 75 ~ 2.7 6.2 ~ 8 14 ~ 0.6 1.2 Trend in time Slow improvement Increase Source: Australia - Rio Tinto Exploration Pty Ltd experience post 2000 ; WA government July 2015; Not all States have the same trend *Includes negotiations with all stakeholders 12

Longevity of multi-commodity exploration across Australia A selection of RTX discoveries-divestments: Century/Dugald River Zinc Kintyre Uranium Peak Gold Mine Honeymoon Well Nickel Westmoreland Uranium WIM 150 HMS Ellendale Diamonds Admiral Bay Zinc Jowlenga HMS Uley Graphite Active Programmes Aluminium Copper & Coal Diamonds & Minerals Iron Ore Greenfield projects Brownfield projects Past discoveries Outcrop & shallow basement (the highlighted areas serve as an indication only) Rio Tinto Exploration historical tenement footprint Rio Tinto Exploration 2015 tenement 13 Continuing to replenish the pipeline 100% RTX and through JV s with key partners in prime terranes Recent & current JV s Cameco Australia Pty Limited Pepinnini Minerals Limited DPG Resources Australia Pty Limited TNG Limited Aeon Metals Limited Laramide Resources Limited Intercept Minerals Limited Tasman Resources Limited

We have access to vast quantities of geoscientific data Pilbara public data capture >570,000 surface samples; >60,000 drillholes RTX Public Surficial Geochemistry, Australia n > 3,300,000 samples (Mar 2014) Gridded stream sediment Zn geochemistry Australia surface samples*: >3.5 million Rio Tinto Exploration pulp store + diamond legacy samples in Australia is a valuable and accessible archive Where are the equivalent petrophysical data RTX Global Public Geochemical Database (GPG) ; Total global surface samples: >10 million 14

Greenrocks Vision Epidote and Chlorite vectoring - A distal indicator of porphyry Cu deposits Rio Tinto Exploration is the only exploration company with the in-house capability to apply such techniques Resolution Case Study Eleven propylitic altered samples 250-1,600m from mineralisation Modified from Holliday and Cooke, 2007; AMIRA P765A Once fertile propylitic halos are identified use chlorite to assess fertility and vector to source 15

Improving discovery rates Combination of old and new technologies and effective data integration yielding knowledge Traditional methods Discovery Success Data Integration VK1 gravity gradiometer New technologies and concepts RTX mineralogy centre Greenrocks & RIMS 16

Uncover To improve discovery rates, in particular in areas of post mineral cover, we need: Improve industry-academia-government collaboration Focus on data compilation and acquisition to deliver critical insights to drive discovery Increase the search radius by targeting alteration footprints RTX Commitment by sponsoring AMIRA Roadmap, member of Executive and Geoscience committees, petrophysical data contribution AMIRA Roadmap (Stage 1) was launched by Minister MacFarlane on the 22 nd July 17

RTX Mineral Industry Engagement in Australia Links to geological surveys and universities across Australia Employment of graduates throughout cycle Sponsorship of 1 on 1 research projects and through collaboration Adopting global collaborative research outcomes into operational exploration tools in Australia RTX is a potential R&D / Technology Development partner 18

Conclusions The mineral exploration industry has entered an extended period of cyclical adjustment The minerals exploration industry has come off a decade of unprecedented expansion However, in that period discoveries have generally fallen below trend Over the last decade have witnessed significant uplifts in resources through brownfield drill-outs The capital markets remain largely closed to Juniors Regulatory hurdles continue to rise and time to granted title is generally on the rise The industry has yet to develop an effective toolkit to allow cost effective exploration through cover Finally, to sustain the significant production expansion the mining industry has witnessed over the past decade new high quality discoveries are required 19