Profile 2012-2013 2011-2012 2010-2011 2009-2010 2008-2009. of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates. Executive Summary

Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 Executive Summary

The Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates The Profile is a rich source of significant demographic data about GMAT examinees over the past five years. It is ideal for gauging the size and characteristics of the potential applicant pool for graduate business programs. Use this executive summary to find out about volume and mean GMAT Total scores by: gender citizenship world region Copyright 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, distributed, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of GMAC. For permission, please contact the GMAC legal department at legal@gmac.com. The GMAC and GMAT logos, GMAC, GMASS, GMAT, Graduate Management Admission Council, Graduate Management Admission Search Service, and Graduate Management Admission Test are registered trademarks of the Graduate Management Admission Council in the United States of America and other countries. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc.

Contents Introduction... 2 Inside the Profile Executive Summary... 2 Notes About the GMAT Exam... 3 Notes About the Data... 3 Graduate Management Admission Council... 4 GMAT volume and Total Score Means by Gender and Testing Year... 5 Table 1. GMAT Total Score Means by Gender and Testing Year... 5 Figure 1. GMAT Testing: Five Years in Focus... 5 GMAT volume and Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year... 6 Table 2. GMAT Total Score Means by Region of Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year... 6 Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year... 7 Related publications... 14 recruiting resources... 15 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 1

Executive Summary of The Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT ) Candidates 2008 09 to 2012 13 Testing year 2012 13 held a number of significant milestones for the Graduate Management Admission Test exam. A total of 238,356 GMAT exams were administered, with 675,733 score reports sent to nearly 5,600 graduate-level management programs around the world. As expected, testing year 2012 13 data show a decline in testing volume compared with the surge noted the previous year. This trend reflects increased interest in the exam brought on by the addition of the Integrated Reasoning section on June 5, 2012, which pulled testing 2011 12 figures toward record highs. Historically, test volume rises just before changes are made to a standardized exam as test takers opt for a familiar format at transition time. The Graduate Management Admission Council s annual Profile of GMAT Candidates captures key data about GMAT volume and the candidates who take the exam. The Profile presents data about tests taken based on examinee gender, age, citizenship, residency, and world region. Additional analyses examine undergraduate major and intended degree. Inside the Profile Executive Summary This edition of the Profile summarizes GMAT data by gender over 10 testing years, as well as by citizenship and world region over five testing years, from 2008 09 through 2012 13. Testing years run from July 1 to June 30, mirroring many academic calendars. More detailed data on student mobility are available in the Geographic Trend Reports, which provide a closer look at GMAT score-sending trends over the past five years. Current titles include: Asian Geographic Trend Report for GMAT Examinees European Geographic Trend Report for GMAT Examinees North American Geographic Trend Report for GMAT Examinees World Geographic Trend Report for GMAT Examinees For details, visit gmac.com/research. 2 Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

Notes About the GMat exam The GMAT exam is an important part of the admissions process for more than 2,100 schools worldwide. The GMAT exam consists of four sections: Verbal, Quantitative, Analytical Writing, and Integrated Reasoning. GMAT Total scores, which are reported in the Profile, are calculated based on performance on the Verbal and Quantitative sections of the exam. Total scores are reported in increments of 10, on a scale ranging from 200 to 800. Notes About the Data Unique Examinees: Data in this report reflect the total number of GMAT exams that generated valid, reportable scores during a given testing year. Examinees who took the exam more than once during the year are included in the aggregate data each time they generated a valid score. For example, if an individual took the GMAT exam twice during the 2012 13 testing year, he or she would represent a total of two exams taken during that year. Since 2008 09, the annual percentage of individuals taking the GMAT exam has ranged from 80 to 84 percent of total GMAT exams taken globally. In the most recent testing year, 190,658 unique test takers submitted valid scores, which translates to 80 percent of the 238,356 GMAT exams reported for the year. Although the overall rate has remained relatively constant over the five-year period analyzed for this report, there is often significant variation across global regions. US citizens, for example, had a unique examinee rate of 87 percent in 2012 13, compared with just 67 percent for citizens of East and Southeast Asian countries. The percentage of tests taken by non-us citizens has gone from 51 percent in 2008 09 to 62 percent in 2012 13. Biographical information: During the test session, GMAT examinees are asked to provide the biographical and demographic information that is used in this Profile and for the Graduate Management Admission Search Service (GMASS ) database. 1 Examinees are not required to provide this information, and some choose not to do so. 1 The Graduate Management Admission Search Service (GMASS ) database is an annual, subscription-based service with a pool of names of potential applicants who have chosen to make their contact and other information available to schools. The database pool frequently renews as individuals move through the decision-making process. For more information, visit gmac.com/gmass. 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 3

No response data: No response data included in Table 1 of the Profile refer to a small number of examinees who did not respond to the question about gender. No response data are not specified in the other tables. Consequently, for tables other than Table 1, grand sums will not necessarily equal the total in Table 1. Note, however, that all test takers responded to the questions about gender and citizenship for testing years 2008 09 through 2012 13. Standard deviations: The only statistics reported in this summary are group sizes and mean Total scores. Another statistic commonly reported for data of this kind is the standard deviation, a measure of the spread of score distribution. For the data reported in the Profile, nearly all of the standard deviations for GMAT Total scores are in the 90 to 110 range. Because these standard deviations are redundant across subgroups tabulated in this summary and across the Profile s testing years, they are not reported here. Dashes in tables: Dashes that appear in tables throughout this report are used to indicate not applicable, such as when there are no examinees in a given subgroup and, thus, no scores exist. For examinee privacy, dashes are also used in place of mean Total scores when there are fewer than five examinees from a given subgroup or country. Graduate Management Admission Council The Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates Executive Summary is a product of the Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC), owner of the Graduate Management Admission Test exam. Based in Reston, Virginia, GMAC is a nonprofit education organization of leading graduate business schools worldwide, dedicated to creating access to and disseminating information about graduate management education. More information is available at gmac.com. 4 Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

GMAT Volume and Total Score Means by Gender and Testing Year What s in the Table: Table 1 presents the number of and mean GMAT Total scores for all examinees by gender and testing year. The Total: Number value reported in each column represents the total number of tests taken recorded in the Graduate Management Admission Council database and serves as a reference for subsequent tables in this report that exclude test takers who did not submit valid demographic information for the characteristics reported. Table 1. GMAT Total Score Means by Gender and Testing Year Gender 2003 04 2004 05 2005 06 2006 07 2007 08 2008 09 2009 10 2010 11 2011 12 2012 13 Men: Number 124,502 120,185 123,811 132,665 149,511 160,733 158,079 151,392 163,686 137,020 Mean Total Score 541 541 548 552 554 552 555 554 557 555 % of Year 60.2% 59.9% 60.5% 60.6% 60.5% 60.5% 59.9% 58.6% 57.1% 57.5% Women: Number 78,679 76,980 79,661 86,412 97,446 104,880 105,900 106,800 122,843 101,336 Mean Total Score 501 500 508 514 518 519 526 530 536 534 % of Year 38.0% 38.4% 39.0% 39.4% 39.5% 39.5% 40.1% 41.4% 42.9% 42.5% No Response: Number 3,671 3,338 1,037 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mean Total Score 535 542 547 % of Year 1.8% 1.7% 0.5% Total: Number 206,852 200,503 204,509 219,077 246,957 265,613 263,979 258,192 286,529 238,356 Mean Total Score 526 525 533 537 540 539 544 544 548 546 *Note: Testing figures for testing year 2011 12 partially reflect increased interest in the exam brought on by the addition of the Integrated Reasoning section on June 5, 2012. Historically, test volume rises just before changes are made to a standardized exam as test takers opt for a familiar format prior to the transition. A closer look at testing volumes for the last five years shows that the surge in testing year 2011 12 followed by the dip in 2012 13 average out to about the same number of tests taken in each of the three years prior (Figure 1). Figure 1. GMAT Testing: Five Years in Focus 286,529 265,613 263,979 258,192 262,442 238,356 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 TY 2012/TY 2013 Average 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 5

GMAT Volume and Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year What s in the Table: Table 2 presents the number of and mean GMAT Total scores for men and women by testing year and world region of citizenship at the time of registration for the GMAT exam. Table 2. GMAT Total Score Means by World Region of Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Region of Africa Men: Number 4,170 4,213 3,857 3,819 3,402 Mean Total Score 468 463 460 461 452 Women: Number 2,392 2,375 2,288 2,339 2,088 Mean Total Score 439 438 440 436 426 Total: Number 6,562 6,588 6,145 6,158 5,490 Mean Total Score 458 454 452 451 442 % of Year 2.5% 2.5% 2.4% 2.2% 2.3% Australia and Pacific Islands Men: Number 785 726 695 788 657 Mean Total Score 588 609 601 598 604 Women: Number 312 337 321 315 308 Mean Total Score 560 564 583 584 562 Total: Number 1,097 1,063 1,016 1,103 965 Mean Total Score 581 595 595 594 591 % of Year 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% Canada Men: Number 4,787 4,818 4,460 4,758 4,038 Mean Total Score 575 578 575 578 576 Women: Number 2,834 2,919 2,863 3,062 2,462 Mean Total Score 547 552 545 548 547 Total: Number 7,621 7,737 7,323 7,820 6,500 Mean Total Score 564 568 563 566 565 % of Year 2.9% 2.9% 2.8% 2.7% 2.7% Central and South Asia Men: Number 25,110 22,141 20,825 24,228 20,117 Mean Total Score 569 579 582 583 578 Women: Number 8,212 7,429 7,077 8,714 7,359 Mean Total Score 531 543 548 550 546 Total: Number 33,322 29,570 27,902 32,942 27,476 Mean Total Score 559 570 573 574 570 % of Year 12.6% 11.2% 10.8% 11.5% 11.5% East and Southeast Asia Men: Number 21,618 22,736 24,507 31,521 28,781 Mean Total Score 570 579 578 579 574 Women: Number 24,156 27,320 33,142 46,274 40,541 Mean Total Score 563 575 578 578 575 Total: Number 45,774 50,056 57,649 77,795 69,322 Mean Total Score 566 577 578 578 575 % of Year 17.2% 19.0% 22.3% 27.2% 29.1% Eastern Europe Men: Number 2,489 2,655 2,635 2,838 2,442 Mean Total Score 556 573 576 573 573 Women: Number 3,179 3,110 2,965 3,141 2,512 Mean Total Score 518 528 526 536 534 Total: Number 5,668 5,765 5,600 5,979 4,954 Mean Total Score 535 549 549 554 553 % of Year 2.1% 2.2% 2.2% 2.1% 2.1% Mexico, Caribbean, and Men: Number 5,489 5,095 5,065 5,348 4,446 Latin America (LATAM) Mean Total Score 531 537 532 534 542 Women: Number 2,845 2,738 2,668 2,808 2,298 Mean Total Score 477 484 480 484 478 Total: Number 8,334 7,833 7,733 8,156 6,744 Mean Total Score 513 519 514 517 520 % of Year 3.1% 3.0% 3.0% 2.9% 2.8% Middle East Men: Number 5,852 6,219 6,199 6,455 5,594 Mean Total Score 489 474 462 449 443 Women: Number 3,319 3,528 3,381 3,742 3,053 Mean Total Score 469 451 439 426 419 Total: Number 9,171 9,747 9,580 10,197 8,647 Mean Total Score 482 466 454 440 434 % of Year 3.5% 3.7% 3.7% 3.6% 3.6% 6 Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

Table 2. GMAT Total Score Means by World Region of Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Region of United States Men: Number 78,456 77,008 70,811 71,344 55,735 Mean Total Score 548 549 548 550 549 Women: Number 52,052 50,053 45,735 46,167 34,806 Mean Total Score 504 507 504 508 504 Total: Number 130,508 127,061 116,546 117,511 90,541 Mean Total Score 531 533 531 533 532 % of Year 49.1% 48.1% 45.1% 41.0% 38.0% Western Europe Men: Number 11,977 12,468 12,338 12,587 11,808 Mean Total Score 569 571 571 574 574 Women: Number 5,579 6,091 6,360 6,281 5,909 Mean Total Score 525 529 535 531 534 Total: Number 17,556 18,559 18,698 18,868 17,717 Mean Total Score 555 557 559 560 561 % of Year 6.6% 7.0% 7.2% 6.6% 7.4% What s in the Table: Table 3 presents the number of and mean GMAT Total scores for men and women by testing year and citizenship. Mean score data are not reported for entries marked with fewer than five exams. *Testing year 2012 13 was the first time in which no examinees were classified as citizens of the combined Serbia and Montenegro country category. As a results, data for testing year 2012 13 are provided separately for Serbia and Montenegro while data for previous years remains combined. Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Afghanistan Men: Number 10 12 6 24 11 Women: Number 12 8 14 9 7 Total: Number 22 20 20 33 18 Mean Total Score 428 439 421 382 307 Albania Men: Number 38 38 52 51 43 Women: Number 83 66 73 69 63 Total: Number 121 104 125 120 106 Mean Total Score 479 488 493 512 487 Algeria Men: Number 14 18 25 25 26 Women: Number 4 10 20 7 6 Total: Number 18 28 45 32 32 Mean Total Score 517 517 515 463 471 Andorra Men: Number 7 9 0 3 1 Women: Number 5 6 0 2 0 Total: Number 12 15 0 5 1 Mean Total Score 530 569 538 Angola Men: Number 15 11 9 7 13 Women: Number 5 9 10 5 11 Total: Number 20 20 19 12 24 Mean Total Score 331 353 398 370 370 Antigua/ Men: Number 0 10 3 6 2 Barbuda Women: Number 10 8 7 7 5 Total: Number 10 18 10 13 7 Mean Total Score 399 416 400 422 353 Argentina Men: Number 302 270 240 239 290 Women: Number 95 77 69 67 73 Total: Number 397 347 309 306 363 Mean Total Score 580 587 598 595 591 Armenia Men: Number 87 86 90 78 36 Women: Number 129 104 117 92 31 Total: Number 216 190 207 170 67 Mean Total Score 467 464 477 496 554 Australia Men: Number 649 598 558 669 554 Women: Number 266 271 261 252 248 Total: Number 915 869 819 921 802 Mean Total Score 584 596 597 598 590 Austria Men: Number 186 189 187 234 206 Women: Number 60 87 99 107 120 Total: Number 246 276 286 341 326 Mean Total Score 567 576 573 581 591 Azerbaijan Men: Number 63 104 120 91 67 Women: Number 28 30 24 39 25 Total: Number 91 134 144 130 92 Mean Total Score 482 505 532 517 514 Bahamas Men: Number 20 23 20 24 21 Women: Number 37 34 36 34 26 Total: Number 57 57 56 58 47 Mean Total Score 432 445 433 402 424 Bahrain Men: Number 55 42 34 35 63 Women: Number 42 31 24 19 21 Total: Number 97 73 58 54 84 Mean Total Score 407 433 384 431 427 Bangladesh Men: Number 232 237 297 304 287 Women: Number 92 111 119 160 113 Total: Number 324 348 416 464 400 Mean Total Score 493 487 501 487 488 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 7

Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Barbados Men: Number 14 11 7 6 13 Women: Number 17 25 17 14 11 Total: Number 31 36 24 20 24 Mean Total Score 469 511 517 489 484 Belarus Men: Number 40 39 50 45 44 Women: Number 95 83 66 79 66 Total: Number 135 122 116 124 110 Mean Total Score 530 583 556 566 575 Belgium Men: Number 282 279 316 266 276 Women: Number 100 85 87 88 83 Total: Number 382 364 403 354 359 Mean Total Score 590 581 578 597 591 Belize Men: Number 12 5 7 10 1 Women: Number 4 8 9 11 9 Total: Number 16 13 16 21 10 Mean Total Score 502 468 423 495 447 Benin Men: Number 28 30 32 29 18 Women: Number 10 8 6 15 10 Total: Number 38 38 38 44 28 Mean Total Score 494 417 464 467 459 Bermuda Men: Number 0 0 3 6 4 Women: Number 0 0 5 5 4 Total: Number 0 0 8 11 8 Mean Total Score 449 490 558 Bhutan Men: Number 7 10 7 4 8 Women: Number 2 1 0 5 1 Total: Number 9 11 7 9 9 Mean Total Score 442 484 407 457 461 Bolivia Men: Number 29 41 28 42 14 Women: Number 44 34 32 31 21 Total: Number 73 75 60 73 35 Mean Total Score 471 500 474 502 451 Bosnia/ Men: Number 38 22 27 19 8 Herzegovina Women: Number 14 23 14 21 17 Total: Number 52 45 41 40 25 Mean Total Score 481 497 494 460 442 Botswana Men: Number 17 7 14 21 7 Women: Number 15 10 10 12 15 Total: Number 32 17 24 33 22 Mean Total Score 425 427 450 445 444 Brazil Men: Number 1,206 1,096 1,157 1,254 1,112 Women: Number 504 532 540 543 501 Total: Number 1,710 1,628 1,697 1,797 1,613 Mean Total Score 546 554 554 556 560 Brunei Men: Number 1 4 4 6 5 Darussalam Women: Number 2 3 1 1 6 Total: Number 3 7 5 7 11 Mean Total Score 439 534 491 441 Bulgaria Men: Number 215 254 249 255 230 Women: Number 326 302 286 294 225 Total: Number 541 556 535 549 455 Mean Total Score 571 591 582 582 572 Burkina Faso Men: Number 23 22 31 35 20 Women: Number 26 27 11 17 9 Total: Number 49 49 42 52 29 Mean Total Score 440 421 433 415 406 Burundi Men: Number 19 9 14 5 8 Women: Number 6 8 14 3 8 Total: Number 25 17 28 8 16 Mean Total Score 396 419 413 458 412 Cambodia Men: Number 16 29 16 11 8 Women: Number 12 4 8 12 3 Total: Number 28 33 24 23 11 Mean Total Score 434 461 403 351 338 Cameroon Men: Number 133 153 145 141 133 Women: Number 99 71 69 64 69 Total: Number 232 224 214 205 202 Mean Total Score 430 435 442 439 445 Canada Men: Number 4,787 4,818 4,460 4,758 4,038 Women: Number 2,834 2,919 2,863 3,062 2,462 Total: Number 7,621 7,737 7,323 7,820 6,500 Mean Total Score 564 568 563 566 565 Cape Verde Men: Number 1 2 0 0 3 Women: Number 0 0 2 1 1 Total: Number 1 2 2 1 4 Central Men: Number 1 1 0 1 2 African Women: Number 0 1 0 0 0 Republic Total: Number 1 2 0 1 2 Chad Men: Number 3 4 3 2 1 Women: Number 2 0 1 0 0 Total: Number 5 4 4 2 1 Mean Total Score 372 Chile Men: Number 402 417 345 374 424 Women: Number 77 68 73 79 52 Total: Number 479 485 418 453 476 Mean Total Score 561 575 551 567 574 China Men: Number 8,891 11,231 14,398 20,486 19,323 Women: Number 14,659 19,033 25,671 37,710 33,682 Total: Number 23,550 30,264 40,069 58,196 53,005 Mean Total Score 591 596 592 588 582 Colombia Men: Number 579 503 492 578 480 Women: Number 378 363 305 420 303 Total: Number 957 866 797 998 783 Mean Total Score 499 505 498 505 499 Comoros Men: Number 1 2 2 2 0 Women: Number 0 0 3 0 1 Total: Number 1 2 5 2 1 Mean Total Score 580 Congo Men: Number 32 31 26 27 19 Women: Number 16 12 5 20 7 Total: Number 48 43 31 47 26 Mean Total Score 422 402 438 418 397 Costa Rica Men: Number 49 64 64 56 53 Women: Number 36 37 25 46 24 Total: Number 85 101 89 102 77 Mean Total Score 517 529 524 495 521 Croatia Men: Number 59 55 50 78 44 Women: Number 52 56 52 35 36 Total: Number 111 111 102 113 80 Mean Total Score 527 504 489 491 521 Cuba Men: Number 9 6 7 7 2 Women: Number 11 5 6 3 5 Total: Number 20 11 13 10 7 Mean Total Score 431 457 483 470 386 Cyprus Men: Number 62 45 51 38 26 Women: Number 18 11 35 26 24 Total: Number 80 56 86 64 50 Mean Total Score 512 527 547 521 523 Czech Men: Number 90 61 72 58 52 Republic Women: Number 57 44 37 47 32 Total: Number 147 105 109 105 84 Mean Total Score 525 562 568 570 571 Denmark Men: Number 119 99 74 96 76 Women: Number 55 37 37 21 31 Total: Number 174 136 111 117 107 Mean Total Score 549 558 545 556 550 8 Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Djibouti Men: Number 1 0 0 1 1 Women: Number 0 1 1 1 1 Total: Number 1 1 1 2 2 Dominica Men: Number 11 5 7 2 1 Women: Number 12 14 15 10 11 Total: Number 23 19 22 12 12 Mean Total Score 443 433 411 450 383 Dominican Men: Number 40 55 51 54 40 Republic Women: Number 45 25 52 70 28 Total: Number 85 80 103 124 68 Mean Total Score 434 438 435 446 429 East Timor Men: Number 0 0 0 0 0 Women: Number 0 0 0 1 1 Total: Number 0 0 0 1 1 Ecuador Men: Number 108 103 107 98 100 Women: Number 82 76 76 65 61 Total: Number 190 179 183 163 161 Mean Total Score 466 470 468 476 457 Egypt Men: Number 571 832 667 642 557 Women: Number 226 312 304 302 201 Total: Number 797 1,144 971 944 758 Mean Total Score 474 468 471 475 463 El Salvador Men: Number 50 45 24 45 23 Women: Number 40 30 26 43 19 Total: Number 90 75 50 88 42 Mean Total Score 495 524 499 482 450 Equatorial Men: Number 1 1 1 0 1 Guinea Women: Number 2 0 0 2 1 Total: Number 3 1 1 2 2 Eritrea Men: Number 4 8 6 3 4 Women: Number 1 0 0 4 3 Total: Number 5 8 6 7 7 Mean Total Score 392 445 355 371 389 Estonia Men: Number 26 16 19 29 22 Women: Number 21 26 30 36 17 Total: Number 47 42 49 65 39 Mean Total Score 556 567 552 563 564 Ethiopia Men: Number 88 81 58 46 48 Women: Number 61 57 47 27 17 Total: Number 149 138 105 73 65 Mean Total Score 442 436 444 434 427 Fiji Men: Number 4 2 6 3 3 Women: Number 2 8 2 2 1 Total: Number 6 10 8 5 4 Mean Total Score 367 524 448 444 Finland Men: Number 159 161 110 128 175 Women: Number 181 132 117 127 171 Total: Number 340 293 227 255 346 Mean Total Score 489 510 510 517 522 France Men: Number 1,974 2,201 2,558 2,322 2,236 Women: Number 1,093 1,162 1,680 1,446 1,367 Total: Number 3,067 3,363 4,238 3,768 3,603 Mean Total Score 558 556 564 555 559 Gabon Men: Number 10 8 11 12 8 Women: Number 8 3 6 4 5 Total: Number 18 11 17 16 13 Mean Total Score 413 417 395 457 468 Gambia Men: Number 3 16 10 15 6 Women: Number 2 4 2 6 5 Total: Number 5 20 12 21 11 Mean Total Score 374 412 397 464 464 Georgia Men: Number 100 126 89 65 53 Women: Number 112 83 69 40 20 Total: Number 212 209 158 105 73 Mean Total Score 482 525 524 571 527 Germany Men: Number 2,369 2,609 2,542 2,675 2,579 Women: Number 1,084 1,370 1,333 1,488 1,439 Total: Number 3,453 3,979 3,875 4,163 4,018 Mean Total Score 560 568 565 570 570 Ghana Men: Number 332 337 271 335 265 Women: Number 152 139 82 152 133 Total: Number 484 476 353 487 398 Mean Total Score 430 450 444 427 419 Greece Men: Number 849 836 877 763 653 Women: Number 824 791 755 565 443 Total: Number 1,673 1,627 1,632 1,328 1,096 Mean Total Score 513 521 529 533 526 Grenada Men: Number 16 16 7 2 1 Women: Number 10 5 8 8 3 Total: Number 26 21 15 10 4 Mean Total Score 415 402 367 366 Guatemala Men: Number 59 49 80 52 56 Women: Number 22 16 30 30 31 Total: Number 81 65 110 82 87 Mean Total Score 466 508 500 496 490 Guinea Men: Number 7 5 10 8 8 Women: Number 3 16 8 5 3 Total: Number 10 21 18 13 11 Mean Total Score 383 395 390 386 382 Guinea- Men: Number 0 0 0 0 1 Bissau Women: Number 0 0 0 0 0 Total: Number 0 0 0 0 1 Guyana Men: Number 13 13 20 14 8 Women: Number 23 15 13 16 10 Total: Number 36 28 33 30 18 Mean Total Score 466 429 468 457 417 Haiti Men: Number 42 33 31 30 26 Women: Number 25 21 14 27 24 Total: Number 67 54 45 57 50 Mean Total Score 445 417 408 407 403 Honduras Men: Number 46 47 54 56 40 Women: Number 42 35 33 34 41 Total: Number 88 82 87 90 81 Mean Total Score 471 458 466 417 462 Hungary Men: Number 72 74 93 129 124 Women: Number 58 74 65 78 92 Total: Number 130 148 158 207 216 Mean Total Score 558 568 583 585 580 Iceland Men: Number 38 37 28 32 24 Women: Number 18 16 13 13 18 Total: Number 56 53 41 45 42 Mean Total Score 509 549 545 534 506 India Men: Number 23,263 20,358 19,137 22,401 18,618 Women: Number 7,370 6,579 6,257 7,812 6,650 Total: Number 30,633 26,937 25,394 30,213 25,268 Mean Total Score 565 578 581 582 577 Indonesia Men: Number 489 554 482 590 474 Women: Number 403 380 365 485 397 Total: Number 892 934 847 1,075 871 Mean Total Score 506 517 516 511 509 Iran Men: Number 363 368 422 456 349 Women: Number 236 240 233 278 223 Total: Number 599 608 655 734 572 Mean Total Score 518 518 519 517 520 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 9

Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Iraq Men: Number 32 35 24 33 44 Women: Number 14 13 19 5 19 Total: Number 46 48 43 38 63 Mean Total Score 402 393 390 357 360 Ireland Men: Number 295 256 247 260 192 Women: Number 102 86 70 86 65 Total: Number 397 342 317 346 257 Mean Total Score 556 561 563 552 562 Israel Men: Number 1,823 1,755 1,569 1,530 1,172 Women: Number 1,101 1,011 916 917 668 Total: Number 2,924 2,766 2,485 2,447 1,840 Mean Total Score 513 483 485 488 484 Italy Men: Number 1,387 1,365 1,333 1,376 1,349 Women: Number 442 544 503 654 570 Total: Number 1,829 1,909 1,836 2,030 1,919 Mean Total Score 563 555 563 563 561 Ivory Coast Men: Number 87 96 82 84 75 (Cote Women: Number 38 53 46 53 45 d'ivoire) Total: Number 125 149 128 137 120 Mean Total Score 441 439 453 445 448 Jamaica Men: Number 77 68 84 74 54 Women: Number 117 114 109 100 77 Total: Number 194 182 193 174 131 Mean Total Score 458 444 444 433 428 Japan Men: Number 2,135 1,994 1,873 2,103 2,126 Women: Number 803 686 645 732 584 Total: Number 2,938 2,680 2,518 2,835 2,710 Mean Total Score 538 545 541 544 542 Jordan Men: Number 214 192 216 198 172 Women: Number 93 75 69 93 65 Total: Number 307 267 285 291 237 Mean Total Score 455 447 433 457 440 Kazakhstan Men: Number 159 130 139 149 104 Women: Number 165 145 166 172 138 Total: Number 324 275 305 321 242 Mean Total Score 496 481 479 499 501 Kenya Men: Number 407 314 296 296 274 Women: Number 404 358 354 302 311 Total: Number 811 672 650 598 585 Mean Total Score 435 434 432 438 427 Kiribati Men: Number 1 1 0 0 0 Women: Number 0 0 1 2 0 Total: Number 1 1 1 2 0 Korea, Men: Number 5 1 0 0 0 North Women: Number 0 0 0 0 0 Total: Number 5 1 0 0 0 Mean Total Score 502 Korea, Men: Number 4,964 4,476 3,713 3,756 3,197 South Women: Number 2,081 1,908 1,540 1,519 1,330 Total: Number 7,045 6,384 5,253 5,275 4,527 Mean Total Score 569 576 579 586 581 Kuwait Men: Number 191 291 294 298 294 Women: Number 143 209 200 274 299 Total: Number 334 500 494 572 593 Mean Total Score 393 388 385 378 344 Kyrgyzstan Men: Number 18 22 24 26 18 Women: Number 38 31 35 34 23 Total: Number 56 53 59 60 41 Mean Total Score 491 539 529 514 536 Lao People's Men: Number 6 3 4 2 5 Democratic Women: Number 13 3 1 4 2 Republic Total: Number 19 6 5 6 7 Mean Total Score 310 372 404 350 383 Latvia Men: Number 42 42 51 35 32 Women: Number 42 65 28 36 35 Total: Number 84 107 79 71 67 Mean Total Score 553 557 581 570 562 Lebanon Men: Number 706 908 761 769 603 Women: Number 465 645 529 598 508 Total: Number 1,171 1,553 1,290 1,367 1,111 Mean Total Score 477 466 488 498 492 Lesotho Men: Number 1 3 3 8 4 Women: Number 7 1 3 10 3 Total: Number 8 4 6 18 7 Mean Total Score 516 483 401 490 Liberia Men: Number 33 26 28 22 24 Women: Number 8 18 5 16 8 Total: Number 41 44 33 38 32 Mean Total Score 389 332 323 306 314 Libyan Men: Number 41 43 30 18 15 Arab Women: Number 3 13 4 1 3 Jamahiriya Total: Number 44 56 34 19 18 Mean Total Score 332 337 326 432 355 Liechtenstein Men: Number 1 2 0 7 3 Women: Number 2 1 2 0 2 Total: Number 3 3 2 7 5 Mean Total Score 561 556 Lithuania Men: Number 35 53 57 56 44 Women: Number 75 61 49 52 32 Total: Number 110 114 106 108 76 Mean Total Score 534 562 557 548 550 Luxembourg Men: Number 10 20 20 17 17 Women: Number 6 2 10 11 8 Total: Number 16 22 30 28 25 Mean Total Score 588 561 537 559 558 Macedonia Men: Number 27 16 10 22 5 Women: Number 16 20 23 27 8 Total: Number 43 36 33 49 13 Mean Total Score 494 498 475 507 558 Madagascar Men: Number 9 10 6 9 7 Women: Number 8 10 6 10 6 Total: Number 17 20 12 19 13 Mean Total Score 464 489 533 447 468 Malawi Men: Number 13 13 13 6 11 Women: Number 3 8 11 8 9 Total: Number 16 21 24 14 20 Mean Total Score 404 469 420 387 399 Malaysia Men: Number 336 341 249 272 199 Women: Number 279 251 203 246 182 Total: Number 615 592 452 518 381 Mean Total Score 538 536 553 540 549 Maldives Men: Number 4 6 1 5 3 Women: Number 1 1 2 4 3 Total: Number 5 7 3 9 6 Mean Total Score 422 507 563 400 Mali Men: Number 23 20 13 12 14 Women: Number 7 4 12 5 4 Total: Number 30 24 25 17 18 Mean Total Score 365 386 405 382 433 Malta Men: Number 11 3 5 6 7 Women: Number 1 2 1 4 3 Total: Number 12 5 6 10 10 Mean Total Score 531 498 578 615 547 Marshall Men: Number 1 1 3 0 0 Islands Women: Number 0 0 0 0 1 Total: Number 1 1 3 0 1 10 Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Mauritania Men: Number 3 8 4 4 5 Women: Number 4 0 0 1 0 Total: Number 7 8 4 5 5 Mean Total Score 364 463 420 354 Mauritius Men: Number 40 45 33 13 33 Women: Number 11 20 22 23 12 Total: Number 51 65 55 36 45 Mean Total Score 533 550 576 528 557 Mexico Men: Number 1,495 1,295 1,334 1,466 999 Women: Number 604 539 557 551 494 Total: Number 2,099 1,834 1,891 2,017 1,493 Mean Total Score 500 502 499 504 496 Micronesia Men: Number 0 2 0 0 0 Women: Number 0 0 0 0 0 Total: Number 0 2 0 0 0 Moldova Men: Number 38 43 37 40 26 Women: Number 62 57 54 49 48 Total: Number 100 100 91 89 74 Mean Total Score 544 531 544 545 528 Monaco Men: Number 0 2 4 3 2 Women: Number 1 4 3 0 1 Total: Number 1 6 7 3 3 Mean Total Score 515 621 Mongolia Men: Number 41 43 42 32 47 Women: Number 61 61 71 65 68 Total: Number 102 104 113 97 115 Mean Total Score 453 476 469 470 474 Montenegro* Men: Number 0 0 0 0 9 Women: Number 0 0 0 0 11 Total: Number 0 0 0 0 20 Mean Total Score 477 Morocco Men: Number 157 148 201 194 161 Women: Number 125 105 144 117 126 Total: Number 282 253 345 311 287 Mean Total Score 513 507 515 515 505 Mozambique Men: Number 4 5 6 2 4 Women: Number 2 2 1 3 3 Total: Number 6 7 7 5 7 Mean Total Score 497 399 347 330 369 Myanmar Men: Number 29 18 24 27 20 Women: Number 25 48 23 26 23 Total: Number 54 66 47 53 43 Mean Total Score 446 477 441 492 462 Namibia Men: Number 12 6 5 7 9 Women: Number 14 4 10 6 7 Total: Number 26 10 15 13 16 Mean Total Score 425 371 395 368 347 Nauru Men: Number 0 0 0 0 0 Women: Number 0 0 1 0 0 Total: Number 0 0 1 0 0 Nepal Men: Number 399 332 304 338 256 Women: Number 232 258 208 260 193 Total: Number 631 590 512 598 449 Mean Total Score 458 462 472 461 478 Netherlands Men: Number 677 634 639 692 671 Women: Number 263 290 282 268 294 Total: Number 940 924 921 960 965 Mean Total Score 533 524 540 540 536 New Zealand Men: Number 127 120 128 115 99 Women: Number 41 52 49 56 53 Total: Number 168 172 177 171 152 Mean Total Score 580 604 602 584 608 Nicaragua Men: Number 50 27 25 25 15 Women: Number 26 24 22 21 6 Total: Number 76 51 47 46 21 Mean Total Score 472 477 465 454 463 Niger Men: Number 15 5 4 4 3 Women: Number 14 3 4 3 2 Total: Number 29 8 8 7 5 Mean Total Score 361 390 344 401 408 Nigeria Men: Number 964 955 869 852 795 Women: Number 536 539 546 561 556 Total: Number 1,500 1,494 1,415 1,413 1,351 Mean Total Score 478 456 437 440 418 Norway Men: Number 181 147 174 210 204 Women: Number 64 76 96 112 80 Total: Number 245 223 270 322 284 Mean Total Score 532 529 509 519 540 Oman Men: Number 26 24 25 35 28 Women: Number 9 8 29 20 24 Total: Number 35 32 54 55 52 Mean Total Score 414 421 323 381 405 Pakistan Men: Number 924 912 793 869 727 Women: Number 249 242 228 218 205 Total: Number 1,173 1,154 1,021 1,087 932 Mean Total Score 508 503 508 512 497 Palau Men: Number 1 0 0 0 0 Women: Number 0 3 1 1 2 Total: Number 1 3 1 1 2 Palestinian Men: Number 46 42 52 63 73 Territory Women: Number 14 10 17 40 36 Total: Number 60 52 69 103 109 Mean Total Score 453 415 411 400 389 Panama Men: Number 53 36 37 37 39 Women: Number 32 30 34 23 23 Total: Number 85 66 71 60 62 Mean Total Score 486 456 453 485 480 Papua Men: Number 0 1 0 1 0 New Guinea Women: Number 0 0 0 0 0 Total: Number 0 1 0 1 0 Paraguay Men: Number 14 5 6 14 7 Women: Number 5 5 1 9 10 Total: Number 19 10 7 23 17 Mean Total Score 513 459 534 457 508 Peru Men: Number 336 371 333 365 322 Women: Number 213 213 202 262 217 Total: Number 549 584 535 627 539 Mean Total Score 541 543 540 539 543 Philippines Men: Number 195 187 184 200 204 Women: Number 240 196 187 208 179 Total: Number 435 383 371 408 383 Mean Total Score 522 534 525 539 516 Poland Men: Number 189 197 174 171 165 Women: Number 214 211 176 186 130 Total: Number 403 408 350 357 295 Mean Total Score 525 541 540 554 565 Portugal Men: Number 444 447 430 462 406 Women: Number 163 224 193 193 169 Total: Number 607 671 623 655 575 Mean Total Score 550 538 538 549 559 Qatar Men: Number 16 12 20 17 23 Women: Number 14 17 13 16 8 Total: Number 30 29 33 33 31 Mean Total Score 413 439 431 397 441 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 11

Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Republic of Men: Number 6 12 8 6 5 Congo Women: Number 6 0 6 0 1 Total: Number 12 12 14 6 6 Mean Total Score 379 476 318 375 312 Romania Men: Number 158 176 163 166 131 Women: Number 291 277 308 264 171 Total: Number 449 453 471 430 302 Mean Total Score 564 578 572 570 576 Russian Men: Number 822 876 857 1,055 936 Federation Women: Number 1,092 1,143 1,123 1,298 1,102 Total: Number 1,914 2,019 1,980 2,353 2,038 Mean Total Score 543 553 556 557 553 Rwanda Men: Number 12 12 34 14 15 Women: Number 17 15 12 11 17 Total: Number 29 27 46 25 32 Mean Total Score 338 351 373 356 396 Samoa Men: Number 2 0 0 0 1 Women: Number 1 0 1 0 1 Total: Number 3 0 1 0 2 San Marino Men: Number 0 3 0 0 0 Women: Number 0 1 0 0 0 Total: Number 0 4 0 0 0 Sao Tome/ Men: Number 1 0 0 0 0 Principe Women: Number 0 0 0 0 0 Total: Number 1 0 0 0 0 Saudi Arabia Men: Number 975 1,201 1,541 1,910 1,745 Women: Number 224 323 477 753 630 Total: Number 1,199 1,524 2,018 2,663 2,375 Mean Total Score 353 355 330 301 311 Senegal Men: Number 51 39 36 35 25 Women: Number 20 25 28 34 23 Total: Number 71 64 64 69 48 Mean Total Score 465 462 461 421 452 Serbia* Men: Number 0 0 0 0 88 Women: Number 0 0 0 0 66 Total: Number 0 0 0 0 154 Mean Total Score 551 Serbia & Men: Number 88 106 98 78 0 Montenegro* Women: Number 87 80 79 70 0 Total: Number 175 186 177 148 0 Mean Total Score 509 529 509 528 Seychelles Men: Number 1 1 0 0 0 Women: Number 0 2 0 0 0 Total: Number 1 3 0 0 0 Sierra Leone Men: Number 11 10 11 16 6 Women: Number 11 5 4 4 3 Total: Number 22 15 15 20 9 Mean Total Score 406 395 389 345 341 Singapore Men: Number 874 769 687 750 520 Women: Number 580 545 564 599 409 Total: Number 1,454 1,314 1,251 1,349 929 Mean Total Score 590 595 593 595 605 Slovakia Men: Number 46 54 53 52 45 Women: Number 56 38 42 52 48 Total: Number 102 92 95 104 93 Mean Total Score 532 547 570 576 527 Slovenia Men: Number 17 26 17 24 23 Women: Number 9 12 11 14 16 Total: Number 26 38 28 38 39 Mean Total Score 555 552 573 522 557 Somalia Men: Number 12 4 6 6 5 Women: Number 0 2 0 1 3 Total: Number 12 6 6 7 8 Mean Total Score 493 483 362 433 398 South Africa Men: Number 595 503 522 521 493 Women: Number 303 263 269 324 292 Total: Number 898 766 791 845 785 Mean Total Score 469 473 474 475 475 South Sudan Men: Number 0 0 0 0 3 Women: Number 0 0 0 0 0 Total: Number 0 0 0 0 3 Spain Men: Number 865 941 811 897 772 Women: Number 282 323 289 304 249 Total: Number 1,147 1,264 1,100 1,201 1,021 Mean Total Score 578 579 576 573 578 Sri Lanka Men: Number 115 87 103 86 67 Women: Number 80 63 59 59 48 Total: Number 195 150 162 145 115 Mean Total Score 493 518 492 490 477 St. Kitts/ Men: Number 6 5 3 4 3 Nevis Women: Number 12 7 8 6 9 Total: Number 18 12 11 10 12 Mean Total Score 423 420 360 389 368 St. Lucia Men: Number 7 8 8 10 8 Women: Number 14 10 20 10 9 Total: Number 21 18 28 20 17 Mean Total Score 400 409 448 413 420 St. Vincent/ Men: Number 4 4 6 3 0 Grenadines Women: Number 6 4 3 3 3 Total: Number 10 8 9 6 3 Mean Total Score 364 438 427 458 Sudan Men: Number 22 16 27 13 13 Women: Number 8 11 8 3 2 Total: Number 30 27 35 16 15 Mean Total Score 433 395 420 438 435 Suriname Men: Number 3 5 0 2 6 Women: Number 3 4 2 2 0 Total: Number 6 9 2 4 6 Mean Total Score 460 412 403 Swaziland Men: Number 9 11 2 1 7 Women: Number 1 3 5 6 5 Total: Number 10 14 7 7 12 Mean Total Score 406 460 419 499 446 Sweden Men: Number 188 370 314 357 395 Women: Number 105 157 172 204 251 Total: Number 293 527 486 561 646 Mean Total Score 531 532 515 503 510 Switzerland Men: Number 467 437 443 420 380 Women: Number 141 149 135 139 119 Total: Number 608 586 578 559 499 Mean Total Score 550 560 558 577 580 Syrian Arab Men: Number 74 70 71 82 73 Republic Women: Number 31 27 22 28 16 Total: Number 105 97 93 110 89 Mean Total Score 465 457 453 458 470 Taiwan Men: Number 2,152 1,684 1,467 1,687 1,343 Women: Number 3,020 2,267 1,982 2,545 1,820 Total: Number 5,172 3,951 3,449 4,232 3,163 Mean Total Score 525 534 538 546 548 Tajikistan Men: Number 7 18 7 11 7 Women: Number 4 3 9 6 5 Total: Number 11 21 16 17 12 Mean Total Score 426 416 362 474 437 12 Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

Table 3. GMAT Total Score Means by Citizenship, Gender, and Testing Year Tanzania Men: Number 71 61 44 38 35 Women: Number 34 42 33 37 23 Total: Number 105 103 77 75 58 Mean Total Score 398 403 392 388 368 Thailand Men: Number 969 824 785 940 729 Women: Number 1,311 1,160 1,079 1,267 1,006 Total: Number 2,280 1,984 1,864 2,207 1,735 Mean Total Score 494 498 495 498 498 Togo Men: Number 29 20 23 23 11 Women: Number 8 9 4 19 4 Total: Number 37 29 27 42 15 Mean Total Score 465 429 424 428 428 Tonga Men: Number 0 1 0 0 0 Women: Number 2 3 5 2 2 Total: Number 2 4 5 2 2 Mean Total Score 484 Trinidad/ Men: Number 98 77 70 56 24 Tobago Women: Number 121 134 95 73 28 Total: Number 219 211 165 129 52 Mean Total Score 475 478 488 499 479 Tunisia Men: Number 60 82 52 79 46 Women: Number 17 42 21 30 18 Total: Number 77 124 73 109 64 Mean Total Score 536 509 541 507 497 Turkey Men: Number 1,248 1,161 1,055 924 848 Women: Number 871 817 748 639 492 Total: Number 2,119 1,978 1,803 1,563 1,340 Mean Total Score 536 547 543 549 550 Turkmenistan Men: Number 9 11 18 10 10 Women: Number 8 10 5 7 6 Total: Number 17 21 23 17 16 Mean Total Score 429 485 481 424 472 Uganda Men: Number 60 61 53 44 47 Women: Number 71 56 43 43 39 Total: Number 131 117 96 87 86 Mean Total Score 430 411 389 381 407 Ukraine Men: Number 199 191 207 241 215 Women: Number 260 255 239 263 221 Total: Number 459 446 446 504 436 Mean Total Score 532 535 539 540 542 United Arab Men: Number 69 106 95 71 82 Emirates Women: Number 58 97 81 56 39 (U.A.E.) Total: Number 127 203 176 127 121 Mean Total Score 400 387 376 390 385 United Men: Number 1,406 1,376 1,175 1,323 1,158 Kingdom Women: Number 569 534 448 423 402 Total: Number 1,975 1,910 1,623 1,746 1,560 Mean Total Score 585 585 584 587 590 United Men: Number 78,456 77,008 70,811 71,344 55,735 States Women: Number 52,052 50,053 45,735 46,167 34,806 Total: Number 130,508 127,061 116,546 117,511 90,541 Mean Total Score 531 533 531 533 532 Uruguay Men: Number 30 47 39 38 34 Women: Number 15 18 17 14 14 Total: Number 45 65 56 52 48 Mean Total Score 586 567 589 591 587 Uzbekistan Men: Number 82 99 93 92 71 Women: Number 40 41 36 30 17 Total: Number 122 140 129 122 88 Mean Total Score 516 523 506 532 521 Vatican City Men: Number 0 0 0 0 0 State Women: Number 0 1 0 0 0 Total: Number 0 1 0 0 0 Venezuela Men: Number 309 335 366 299 224 Women: Number 163 208 207 171 146 Total: Number 472 543 573 470 370 Mean Total Score 491 500 490 483 496 Viet Nam Men: Number 396 485 475 568 511 Women: Number 586 711 741 792 799 Total: Number 982 1,196 1,216 1,360 1,310 Mean Total Score 525 519 518 535 542 Yemen Men: Number 14 12 20 34 25 Women: Number 4 5 4 6 5 Total: Number 18 17 24 40 30 Mean Total Score 435 381 367 378 395 Zambia Men: Number 25 34 29 27 16 Women: Number 18 23 21 10 12 Total: Number 43 57 50 37 28 Mean Total Score 438 417 416 428 417 Zimbabwe Men: Number 92 72 82 108 92 Women: Number 56 51 65 51 45 Total: Number 148 123 147 159 137 Mean Total Score 477 495 493 489 488 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 13

Related Publications The Profile document is our annual compilation of GMAT testing data and serves as a historical record of tests taken around the world. It is a rich resource for school professionals looking to understand the landscape of potential students for graduate management education programs. To assist in evaluating the trends that emerge from this Profile data, GMAC also provides free interactive tools for viewing, sorting, and capturing this data to all schools that use the GMAT exam. To access these free tools, school professionals can log into the gmac.com website at the specific addresses listed. Contact customer service if you have any questions related to the login process or your eligibility to access the tools. GMat trends Tracker 2013: Supplement to the Profile of GMat candidates The GMAT Trends Tracker 2013: Supplement to the Profile of GMAT Candidates is an Adobe Flex tool, which presents nearly all of the data in the Profile document in a dynamic format. The advantages of the GMAT Trends Tracker tool include graphical representation of the data tables to more easily identify trends and changes over time, the ability to select and view just the regions and demographics of interest to you, and the ability to download and save that data to your own computer for additional use in presentations, reports, or supplemental analysis. Save options include screenshots of individual graphs and the ability to save the accompanying data tables in a format compatible for use in an external program, such as Excel. To access the GMAT Trends Tracker 2013: Supplement to the Profile of GMAT Candidates, visit gmac.com/profile. The GMat Interactive Profile The GMAT Interactive Profile lets you mine the GMAT test-taker databases and perform customized searches across multiple variables. With this powerful online tool, you can view summaries of test-taking trends and create your own reports to print or download at your convenience. To access the GMAT Interactive Profile, visit gmac.com/interactiveprofile. 14 Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved.

Recruiting resources Individuals with accounts on mba.com, the online portal to registration for the GMAT exam, have the free option to be included in the Graduate Management Admission Search Service (GMASS) database. For these individuals, inclusion in the GMASS database opens opportunities for communication with schools looking for candidates like them and potentially increases their exposure and visibility to programs they otherwise might not have considered. For schools, the GMASS database provides direct access to qualified potential candidates who have shown a strong interest in graduate management education. These potential candidates have created an mba.com profile, have specifically chosen to make their contact and other information available to schools, and may have taken the GMAT exam. Participation in this service provides school professionals with information about these potential candidates that is updated daily. A GMASS subscription allows schools to customize candidate searches using criteria that fits their specific recruiting needs. Schools can use the database information to: Target their audience. Connect with current candidates. Find the best candidates anytime, anywhere. Create custom searches. To get more information or enroll in the GMASS program, visit gmac.com/gmass. 2013 Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC ). All rights reserved. Profile of GMAT Candidates, 2008 09 to 2012 13 (Executive Summary) 15

Get Even More Data to Inform Your Decisions Savvy graduate management education professionals use GMAC research every day to make informed business decisions. Our rich data offer customizable insights into key issues that affect your recruitment success. Detailed research reports track important trends in graduate management admissions. Here are just some of the available resources you will find at gmac.com/research: 1. GMAC Interactive Research Reports, the latest edition to our online research offerings, provide dynamic displays of data segments you select for easy access to the data points most relevant to your needs. Current offerings include detailed presentations of the data displayed in this Profile as well as comprehensive findings from our GMAC Survey Series and other research. 8 GMAC Interactive Research is available for free on our website. For more information go to gmac.com/interactiveresearch. 2. Geographic Trend Reports for GMAT Examinees compare score-sending patterns of examinees along with their geographic and biographical data from the most recent testing year against data from four years earlier. First introduced as part of the Research Report Series, the Geographic Trend Reports were separated into their own series in response to requests for annual updates and specialized reports on individual regions, including Asia, Europe, and North America. 8 Geographic Trend Reports are available to the public for free on our website. For more information go to gmac.com/geographictrends. 3. The GMAC Research Report Series analyzes data and identifies trends and implications gleaned from a variety of sources, including the GMAC Survey Series, the Validity Study Service, and GMAT testing data. Reports are available in these categories: education programs; students, alumni, and prospective students; populations, validity studies, and high-stakes testing. 8 The GMAC Research Report Series is available to the public for free on our website. For more information go to gmac.com/researchreports.

Profile of Graduate Management Admission Test Candidates Based on the most recent GMAT examinee data available, the Profile is a vital resource for admissions officers. It allows you to track patterns in the international recruitment pool on the basis of gender, ethnicity, citizenship, age, and major. With the help of this detailed, reliable information gathered in one place, you can prepare more accurate reports and plan more effective recruitment and admission activities for your business school. If you find the Profile Executive Summary helpful, you may also want to explore other resources available from GMAC, a global nonprofit organization of leading graduate business schools and the owner of the Graduate Management Admission Test exam. Go to gmac.com to learn more about: The full Profile of GMAT Candidates, The GMAT Trends Tracker 2013: Supplement to the Profile of GMAT Candidates, and the GMAT Interactive Profile GMAT Validity Studies and the GMAC Validity Study Service The GMAC Survey Series: Application Trends Survey, Alumni Perspectives Survey, mba.com Prospective Students Survey, Global Management Education Graduate Survey, and Corporate Recruiters Survey Additional research tools available only to schools that use the GMAT exam 11921 Freedom Drive, Suite 300, Reston, Virginia 20190, USA, +1-703-668-9600 gmac.com, mba.com, twitter.com/gmacresearchers