Java case studies: game playing A simple software development process from specification, to design, implementation, and test DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java Humboldt University Berlin, University of Novi Sad, Polytehnica University of Timisoara, University of Plovdiv, University of Belgrade Author: Dušan Tošić Version: Sep. 21, 2006 Points of this development Java sample games For the lecturer only Create a simple game by using Java Point out the significance of requirements in software development Demonstrate the importance of software engineering principles for simple Java programs development Using Java API DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 2 1
Course materials For the lecturer only Lecture slides: about 20 slides takes 1 lecture hour Assignments: modify presented programs by adding new requirements make new games using presented examples Starting from presented examples, make a program that can be use in education. DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 3 Goal: Develop the program-game: game: Memory test Task: Develop a program, to test the memory of the user! Motive: Test the memory of some pupils. DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 4 2
First option The Requirements are not specified on the beginning. A pupil: I made a good Pascal program, we can use it! OK, we can try that program! (The same kind of program, as an application, we can easily make in Java!) Text-based program:pascal\mem1.exe DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 5 Facts concerning software development phases Most errors of software systems result from misunderstanding the problem to be solved. Software development consists only of a small part of programming: Requirements analysis: 20 % Design: 15% Implementation: 20 % Test: 45 % This slide is taken from K. Bothe DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 6 3
Learning goals The presented examples should stress out the importance of requirements in the process of software development. Before implementing, the next step should be design of the application: specify components and relations between them. Starting with the implementation too early may lead to project s failure. DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 7 Development process of Memory test Requirements analysis Design Implementation and test DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 8 4
1. Requirements analysis: Memory test Task: Develop a program based on GUI to test memory of the user. The user should have possibilities to open 2 fields and see data there. If 2 fields with same data are opened, the fields stay opened, otherwise closed. The goal is to open all fields. Questions? DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 9 Open questions What kind of program should be developed (applet or application in Java)? Whether use keyboard or mouse? How the field should look like? What kind of data should be put into fields? How to measure the properties (capacity) of memory? DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 10 5
Requirements specification (1,2,3) 1. It is not so important; the applet is acceptable. 2. The mouse should be use. 3. The table with fields can be designed in the following way: A field DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 11 Requirements Specification (4,5) 4. For the beginning, the kind of data is not so important (we can use: numbers, letters, signes,...) 5. The numbers of mouse-clicks can be use as the measure. The second option: MarijaSegrt\PAMCENJE.HTML DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 12 6
2. Requirements analysis: Memory test The first 3 requirements can stay. Additional requirements: Instead the numbers, some pictures can be used as data in fields. For example, something like these: Some other measures could be use for the capacity of memory. For example the time spent. DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 13 Some changes are made in design of table and two new implementations are created. The third option: Ann\SEMINARSKI_JEZICI\index.html SrdjanJeisel\memorija.html DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 14 7
3. Requirements analysis: Memory test The previous requirements can be kept. The game may be improved by introducing the different levels. As the measure, the number of tests can be used (in fact, this measure is used in the second option). The fourth option: Dusan Radojevic\Memory.html DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 15 Development process of Memory test Requirements analysis Design Implementation and test DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 16 8
Notes about design SW architecture description languages: UML- industry standard. So, the UML is used in this process. The finding of classes and relations between them is the most important task. (In our cases different classes are used in different examples.) Our task is not so complicated (it is a simple student s assignment!) Thus, the structure of our program(s) should not be complicated. We will skip the details about design-phase. DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 17 Development process of Memory test Requirements analysis Design Implementation and test DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 18 9
Note about implementation The different implementations are presented here. The programming language Java is used for the GUI-implementation. If requirements are well defined and design phase is completed, the implementation phase is simple. The details related to the implementation will be skipped. (The source code is available.) DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 19 Testing This is the most time consuming phase. After the first version of programs, different corrections are made. On the beginning, the testing is made without pictures. Later, the pictures are included. The most interesting cases are examined but the errors are possible. DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 20 10
Critics of the implementations The on-line help is usually absent. The applets are not scaleable. Better structure of classes is necessary. Program should be more secure (the private variable should be used).... DAAD project Joint Course on OOP using Java 21 11