Available online at www.apije.com ASIA PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE Vol. 02 (01) (2016) 37 41 AN INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) BASED SECURITY ALERT SYSTEM USING RASPBERRY PI A.Arun Raja a *, R.Naveedha b, G.Niranjanadevi c and V.Roobini d a Assistant Professor,Department of ECE (PG-EST),Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College,Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu,India b,c,d UG Students,Department of ECE,Sri Ramakrishna Enginerring College,Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu,India Abstract In this paper, a security alert system which records a video when a motion is detected and uploads it to the external server and notifies the user via text message is reported. This application can be used to view the remote activities and notifications can be received whenever the motion is detected. Internet of Things basically deals with transferring of useable data without involving human interferences. Raspberry Pi camera module is used for detecting and capturing the motion. Raspberry Pi (Model B+), a credit card sized computer is used for processing the captured video Keywords: Motion Detection, Raspberry Pi, Video Recording; 1. Introduction The field of security systems is a very developed one. New and improved types of security systems are always coming into the market and the choice between the different types seems quite difficult. Despite the baffling selection, we should understand that all the security systems have similar basic structure and work in accordance to the same principals. In the field of security systems sensors play a very important role. Sensors are generally classified into two main groups: sensors intended to protect the interior of the home perimeter and sensors to protect the interior of the home. The different type of sensors which are most commonly used are ultrasonic sensor, microwave sensor, photo-electric sensor, Passive Infrared (PIR) Sensor, noise detector etc., Nowadays Wireless based security system is becoming popular because of its user friendly nature and simpler installation. The main disadvantage of using wired systems is that it uses the telephone line for its working. So if the telephone line is cut off, their main control panel will not work. But wireless system does not have this problem. They can just be connected to power. If they have proper battery backup they will work even during power outages. * Corresponding author. Tel.:+919095262645 E-mail address: arunraja.a@srec.ac.in 37
38 A.Arun Raja et al / Asia Pacific International Journal of Engineering Science, Vol. 02 (01) (2016) 37 41. 2. Existing Systems Burglar alarms, fire alarms and surveillance camera are the most common home security devices. The devices in the home security systems package will be connected through a central control panel. It will work based on the telephone line and contact the cops if the alarms is triggered. Motion detectors will be fitted in various parts of the house. Security cameras will also be fixed in the appropriate places. Siren unit will be placed in one place and the digital keypad will be placed near the entrance. All the doors and windows will have magnetic sensors. The owner can switch on the security system by entering a password in the keypad and pressing the button to turn the alarm systems on. After entering the password, the user can retire to his/her room and switch the alarm on and off through a small key chain remote too. The sensors in the windows and doors are connected to the main power supply and siren unit. The alarms use electric circuits. Closed circuit sensors get continuous electrical supply for the time they switched on. If someone attempts to open or break the doors or windows, their electrical supply is stopped and the alarm starts to beep in high decibel. Open circuit systems start to get electrical supply if the windows and doors are disturbed and the alarm triggers off using the electrical energy. If the thief succeeds in entering the house through some other means, the motion sensors placed in various parts of the room trigger the alarm. All the sensors used are hooked up to alarms main control unit. The control unit is the one which responds to the signals omitted by the sensors throughout the house. The response will not always be immediate, but rather shortly delayed for in order to allow the homeowner enough time to enter the secret code and neutralize the alarm, if he/she is the one the sensors have picked up. There are many possibilities of reaction. The most common is sound alarm. The sound alarm may scare off burglars as well as get the attention of the residents and neighbors, who can in turn, call the police. Another option is a telephone dialer, in which several phone numbers can be programmed and will be called once the alarm is sounded. The dialer can call the police directly and play a pre-recorded message stating the address of the house. The recording will itself repeat over and over, so that the person at the receiving end of the call will still hear the message even if the call has been on hold for a while before being answered. If we are using a monitored alarm system, the dialer will call our security company and forward the information regarding the goings on the house. The information can be very detailed, and include the point of break-in as well as the position of the burglar at any time (if we have installed a closed circuit television system, the security company can even watch the burglar and follow him in real-time). The security company can send security people to the house, or call the police. The dialer can be based on either a landline or cellular. A cellular device dialer can work even if the burglars have disconnected our landline. That said, such a dialer will require subscription to a cellular supplier, just as you would need for usage of any other cellular phone. Another option is to connect the alarm system to the house s outdoor lights. The alarm system will turn the lights on and off repeatedly, which can assist the police in locating the house more quickly as well as alert the neighbors and passerby of the distressed situation. The alarm system can be upgraded by connecting the main control unit to the house s electricity system, but is also equipped with a battery allowing it to work during times of power shortages or if burglars have disconnected the electrical power supply to the alarm system. 2.1 Disadvantages: The system is complex It is difficult to implement The cost of entire system is expensive Due to the usage of may sensors the frequencies may get overlapped which may result in false alarms 3. Proposed System The project consists of triple-layered architecture. Motion detection layer is the first layer and in the second layer the actions are processes/initiated as per the python script. In the third layer the actions are executed, i.e., sending the recorded video to the user via email and alert through text message. Deciding the architecture of the project and
A.Arun Raja et al / Asia Pacific International Journal of Engineering Science, Vol. 02 (01) (2016) 37 41. 39 also knowing the capabilities and the requirements of the hardware component is very necessary. A Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor is connected to general I/O pins of the raspberry pi. When the motion is detected, the camera module records the video for the assigned time. An external sd card is used for storing the videos temporarily in the raspberry pi. An internet connection is required for sending email and text message notifications. If the server is not available then the video is stored in the raspberry pi. In this project we use simple LAN connection for accessing the internet. The figure 1 shows the general block diagram of the system proposed. Fig 1. Block Diagram Raspberry Pi (Model B+) is a credit card sized computer is used for processing the video that is recorded by the Raspberry Pi camera module. The captured video is converted into viewable format and it sent to the user via e- mail. If the internet connection is not available at that moment then the converted video is stored temporarily stored in the Raspberry pi. The SMS alert is sent to the user through a GSM. 4. Experimental Results In the figure 2 the experimental setup of the proposed system is shown. Besides the hardware setup the software s must also be installed. In this project we used python script so we installed Raspbian OS which is compatible with the Raspberry Pi. Fig 2. Experimental Setup
40 A.Arun Raja et al / Asia Pacific International Journal of Engineering Science, Vol. 02 (01) (2016) 37 41. The figure 3 shows the python script that is being running in The Raspbian Os. After the code being typed it is then imported into the Raspberry Pi. Then it is executed and tested. Fig 3. Python Script displayed on the screen After importing and running the code, the setup starts working. Whenever the motion is detected the output screen displays the message motion detected which is shown in figure 3. Fig 4. Output screen Simultaneously the camera module starts recording the events and the E-mail an SMS notifications are sent to the user. The received E-mail and SMS alerts are shown in the figure 5.
njj A.Arun Raja et al / Asia Pacific International Journal of Engineering Science, Vol. 02 (01) (2016) 37 41. 41 5. Conclusion Fig 5. E-Mail and SMS Alerts This project mainly focuses on the motion detection and it enables the user to monitor their homes and building even from remote locations. Therefore, by enhancing the capabilities of the recent available technologies and integrating them, we hope to develop the 'Motion Detection' system and to contribute to the current security system. This system could be an alternative for expensive security systems are being used in the present days. This system does not need any special modifications in the infrastructure at the place where it is installed. It can be implemented without much difficulty. References [1] Aamir Nizam Ansari, Mohamed Sedkyl, Neelam Sharma, Anurag Tyagil, An Internet of Things Approach for Motion Detection using Raspberry Pi, 2015 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Internet of Things (IC1T),2015. [2] L. You-guo and Ming-fu, The Reinforcement of Communication Security of the Internet of Things in the Field of Intelligent Home through the Use of Middleware', 2011 Fourth International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling, 2011. [3] Lu Tan and Neng Wang, 'Future internet: The Internet of Things', 2010 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering (ICACTE), 2010. [4] Automatic Video-Based Human Motion Analyzer for Consumer Surveillance System, Weilun Lao, Jungong Han, and Peter H.N. de With, Fellow, IEEE. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 55, no. 2, May 2009. [5] Design and Implementation of a Home Embedded Surveillance System with Ultra-Low Alert Power, Ying-Wen Bai, Zi-Li Xie and Zong-Han Li.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 57, No. 1, February 2011.