Fundamentals of MPLS for Broadcast Applications Ron Clifton, P. Eng., BAS c, MAS c CliftonGroup International Limited Page: 1
The Paradigm Shift The connectivity and technology exist today to implement the complete broadcast workflow from ingest to transmission in the cloud In addition, falling costs are making terrestrial IP connectivity (such as MPLS) a viable alternative to legacy satellite broadcast models. Page: 2
Objective and Outline Objective: provide an overview of the fundamentals of Multi- Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) networking needed to implement successful broadcast networks Outline: Alternative terrestrial IP approaches Why MPLS IP-VPN technology? Example service provider offerings Understanding Class of Service (COS/QOS) Applications Page: 3
One Approach: Internet Aggregation Example service providers: LTN Global, VideoShip In use for broadcast today (e.g. NBC,CNN,FOX, PBS & others) PROVIDER APPLIANCE SDI and/or IP Video SDI and/or IP Video SDI and/or IP Video PUBLIC INTERNET Page: 4
One Approach: Internet Aggregation Buffering is used to smooth out expected network jitter and latency/delay variations Original input at ingress (e.g. linear video) Output buffer done at egress (200-600 msecs typical latency) In-network jitter and delay Page: 5
Summary: Internet Aggregation OK for: non-linear content distribution linear where latency and P2MP are not critical Careful re: enterprise-class pricing Limited COS traffic engineering NOT IP multicast enabled Page: 6
Another Approach: MPLS IP-VPN (Multi Protocol Label Switching) PE= Provider Edge CE=Customer Edge Inherently robust and secure (not the public Internet) Page: 7
MPLS IP-VPN Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS): Next-gen Wide Area Network (WAN) technology replacing legacy Layer 2 ATM & Frame Relay networks IP-VPN: Internet Protocol (e.g. Layer 3 router-to-router) Virtual Private Networks on shared but dedicated fiber infrastructure Page: 8
Why MPLS IP-VPN? State-of-the-art for enterprise-class Ethernet over WAN today with multiple topologies (e.g. mesh) available 100 Mbps & DS3 (45 Mbps) are common and most popular 1 Gbps and 10 Gbps also readily available Becoming increasingly affordable & highly competitive WAN= Wide Area Networks Multiple Tier 1 Vendors: + others Page: 9
Traditional Satellite OPEX Advantage for P2MP P2MP= Point to multipoint Page: 10
Why MPLS IP-VPN? Transparent private virtual networks using IP IP multicast enabled for bandwidth efficiency Automatic redundancy/dr in the core network Class of Service (COS) provides ability to prioritize traffic (e.g. linear video over non-linear file delivery) Typical low latency: e.g. 25-50 msecs RTT Typical low jitter: e.g. 2-5 msecs Typical Bit Error Rate (BER): Near zero Variety of network topologies available including fullduplex (i.e. two-way) mesh interconnection Page: 11
Example Tier 1 Product Offerings Routing Transparency Protection CoS Network Billing Technology Customer Controlled Full Layer 2 Transparency Optional on local access. Customer Controlled Dedicated Flat Ethernet over DWDM Customer Controlled Full Layer 2 Transparency Fast Reroute in the core All Traffic classified as Premium Data Shared Flat Ethernet over MPLS Core Multipoint MAC switching Ethernet VPN service IPv4, IPv6 Tagged or Transparent options Layer 3 Service Fast Reroute in the core Fast Reroute in the core 4 Classes of Service Shared Flat 6 Classes of service with 10 Priority Options. Ethernet over MPLS core Shared Flat IP over MPLS IPv4, IPv6 Layer 3 Service Fast Reroute in the core 4 Classes of Service Public Internet Tiered and Burstable IP over MPLS core Source: Verizon 2014 Source: Verizon Page: 12
Example Tier 1 Product Offerings Source: Level 3 Page: 13
Example Tier 1 Product Offerings Private Port and VPN Services Features OC-192 IP backbone network Support for Layer 1 and multiple Layer 2 access types Flexible QoS functionality: Eight priority queues 14 percentage templates Four queuing methods Comprehensive SLAs Any-to-any connectivity Flat rate, tiered and usage-sensitive billing options Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) and flexible quality of service (QoS) let you segment and prioritize data traffic throughout your network to create the ideal high-performance environment for voice over IP (VoIP), video, and other bandwidth-intensive business applications Source: CenturyLink Page: 14
An MPLS IP-VPN Network Approach PE= Provider Edge CE=Customer Edge CE CE CE MPLS Network CE Station ((( ))) CE CE Page: 15
Ethernet LAN Concept: Layer 3 MPLS Mesh IP-VPN Station Layer 3 MPLS IP-VPN Network Station Station An MPLS IP-VPN Mesh network is conceptually equivalent to a virtual (router to router) Ethernet LAN Station LAN= Local Area Network Page: 16
An Example M&E Application Linear Linear Non- Linear Non- Linear Content Content M&C M&C M&C=Monitoring & Control Page: 17
Understanding COS/QOS Class of Service (COS) is a traffic engineering technique used to prioritize traffic on a network e.g. the 3-bit CS0-7 VLAN tagging in Ethernet headers (per 802.1Q) used to implement Quality of Service (QOS) rules to differentiate and shape/police network traffic For modern Layer 3 IP networks, Differentiated Services (DiffServ) QOS (e.g. DSCP-x) replaces legacy IPv4 Type of Service (TOS) Page: 18
Example M&E Application VLAN-type COS is set by application and priority For example: HI ------- LOW --- MED --- Policing to bandwidth limits (e.g. 100 Mbps) is done at the egress from the MPLS network ----- HI ----- LOW ----- MED COS is checked at ingress to the MPLS network and delivered over MPLS by priority assigned limits/queues Page: 19
Fully Duplex & Symmetric Both ways Policing to bandwidth limits (e.g. 100 Mbps) is done at the egress from the MPLS network HI ------- LOW --- VLAN-type COS is set by application and priority For example: ----- HI ----- LOW MED --- ----- MED COS is checked at ingress to the MPLS network and delivered over MPLS by priority assigned limits Page: 20
Example Legacy Broadcast Configuration Production Programming & Traffic Near-Line & Archive Automation Live events Playout & Encode Page: 21
Managed VLAN Switch Example MPLS Broadcast Configuration Production Programming & Traffic Monitoring & Control M&C Near-Line & Archive Automation Live events Playout & Encode TSoIP Multicast Source * Linear TSoIP = Transport Stream over IP File Transfer (unicast &multicast) Non-linear Page: 22
Managed VLAN Switch Example MPLS Broadcast Configuration Production Programming & Traffic Monitoring & Control MED -> M&C Near-Line & Archive Automation Live events Playout & Encode TSoIP Multicast Source * HI -> Linear TSoIP = Transport Stream over IP LO -> File Transfer (unicast &multicast) Non-linear COS: EXAMPLES ONLY Page: 23
Example Station-side Configuration VLAN Switch Multicast video IP IP IRDs IP IRDs IRDs File Share Cache HD-SDI FTP STATION Production Programming Traffic, Automation, Master Control & Playout ((( ))) IRD = Integrated Receiver Decoder M&C Page: 24
Example Station-side Configuration VLAN Switch Multicast video HI COS: EXAMPLES ONLY LO IP IP IRDs IP IRDs IRDs File Share Cache HD-SDI FTP STATION Production Programming Traffic, Automation, Master Control & Playout ((( ))) IRD = Integrated Receiver Decoder MED M&C Page: 25
Example: using COS to Manage QOS IP MULTICAST BEST EFFORT IP MULTICAST (COS=HI) HD: 15 Mbps SD: 4 Mbps BEST EFFORT (COS=LOW) 5 GB @ 50 Mbps = 13.3 mins 5 GB @ 100 Mbps = 6.7 mins 5 GB @ 200 Mbps = 3.3 mins This IRD does multicast join Page: 26
Example Full Duplex Mesh Linear IP MULTICAST IP MULTICAST (COS=HI) HD: 15 Mbps SD: 4 Mbps Page: 27
Example- adding Diversity & Scaling Up Primary Secondary (Diversity, DR/BC & load Balancing) Page: 28
conceptually is functionally equivalent to: LAN Page: 29
Other Features of MPLS IP-VPN Private & Hybrid Cloud Service Providers (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) Public Internet Direct internet Access (DIA) Page: 30
A Practical Example Satellite Overlay & Backup Primary NOC MPLS Layer 3 IP-VPN MESH NETWORK STATIONS Other LOCAL CABLE PUBLIC INTERNET Secondary NOC CLOUD SERVICES (PRIVATE and/or HYBRID) GigE/10GigE 100 Mbps Page: 31
Hybrid Cloud?????? Page: 32
Thank you for your time! Questions? rclifton@cliftongroup.ca Page: 33