SUPPORTING EVIDENCE-INFORMED ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION POLICIES KEY CONCEPTS AND ONLINE TOOLS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PROFESSIONALS 90 Minute Workshop Michelle Halligan Program Manager, Prevention Kendall Tisdale Analyst, Prevention Canadian Partnership Against Cancer March 26, 2015
CFPC Conflict of Interest Disclosure of Commercial Support Presenters: Michelle Halligan & Kendall Tisdale Relationships with commercial interests: Presenter Disclosure Grants/Research Support: None Speakers Bureau/Honoraria: None Consulting Fees: None Other: None
In the next 90 minutes 00 Learn about key concepts from political science on the policy process and factors influencing healthy public policy Learn about tools developed by CPAC to support evidence-informed active transportation policy Apply tools and evidence to build a briefing note on complete streets 3
4 Canada s cancer strategy is enabling shared progress.
Our work spans the cancer control continuum 5
The Partnership works with partners on initiatives that are: Multi-jurisdictional and pan-canadian Appropriate for partnered assessment and response Grounded in scientific evidence Significant in terms of making a difference for Canadians 6
Physical Inactivity + Chronic Diseases ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION = OPPORTUNITY FOR ACTION Percentage of Canadian adults (18+) who report engaging in active transportation (2007-2013) Physical inactivity + chronic diseases are growing issues of concern in Canada diabetes heart disease stroke breast + colon cancer Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2013)
8 A bit about you
Ontario Public Health Standards Active Transportation + Healthy Public Policy Ontario Public Health Standards Chronic Disease + Injuries Environmental Health Reduce burden of preventable chronic diseases Reduce frequency, severity and impact of preventable injury Prevent or reduce burden of illness from health hazards in physical environment 00 Policy-makers have information required to enable them to amend current policies/develop new policies Support development + implementation of healthy public policies 9
Public Health Policies are Ubiquitous 00 10
Evidence-Informed Decision-Making Model Integrating evidence and public policy Types of Programs/Policies Research-tested Program/Policy (peer reviewed research & publication) Evaluated Program/Policy (peer reviewed publication) Evidence- Informed Prog/Pol (based on literature) Prog/Pol based on personal experience/ tacit knowledge (no reference to literature) Systematic Evidence Reviews 1 2 NA NA Individual Efficacy/ Effectiveness Study 2 3 4 NA Individual Program/ Policy Evaluation NA 5 6 8 Program/Policy description/process report NA 7 8 9 Adapted from: Kerner, JF. Integrating research, practice, and policy: what we see depends on where we stand. J Pub Health Management & Practice. 2008, 14(2): 193-98 11
Evidence-Informed Healthy Public Policy? How does evidence inform policy? Public Health Problem Scientific Evidence Policy 12
Evidence in Policymaking A more realistic view? partisan politics other governments and what about politics? scientific evidence social movements values courts public opinion economic interests policy Etc. 13 P. Fafard. Policy: a more realistic view. December 2012
Policy Theories Stages Model 00 14
Policy Theories But, the policy process isn t linear complex Policy institutions Time Policy actors Policy ideas Policy instruments 15 Clavier & de Leeuw, 2013
Policy Theories Advocacy Coalition Framework (Sabatier) BEST FOR: Contentious issues, at least 2 groups involved with differing views on issue, driven by beliefs (e.g., Anti-Tobacco vs Pro-Tobacco, Anti-Tanning vs Pro- Tanning, Anti-Cyclists vs Pro-Cyclists) 00 MAIN CONCEPTS: Beliefs are the causal driver for political behaviour Small # of advocacy coalitions comprised of actors from a variety of institutions sharing a set of policy beliefs Evidence use occurs within context of coalitions and used to bolster their positions 16 Peel Public Health (2012). The Use of Policy Frameworks to Understand Public Health-Related Public Policy Processes: A Literature Review.
Policy Theories Multiple Streams (Kingdon) BEST FOR: Ambiguous problems, competing for attention, solutions unclear (e.g., transportation planning, menu labelling) 00 THREE STREAMS: PROBLEM: how issue perceived/framed, attention receiving POLICY: feasibility, acceptability, alignment with prevailing interests POLITICS: public mood, influence of pressure-groups, administrative/ legislative change Policy opportunity window opens when streams align Policy entrepreneur(s) can play important role in accelerating change 17 Peel Public Health (2012). The Use of Policy Frameworks to Understand Public Health-Related Public Policy Processes: A Literature Review.
Policy Theories Policy Diffusion Policy decision-making doesn t occur in a vacuum policy A 00 policy a 18 Worman, Margaret, "Responding to the Affordable Care Act: Health Insurance Exchange Policy Diffusion" (2013). Honors Projects. Paper 40. http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/poli_honors/40
Policy Theories Policy Diffusion Learning from each other The City of Ottawa adopts a Complete Streets approach Halifax, NS learns from their work to inform their new Complete Streets Policy and so on 19
20 Tools to Support Evidence-Informed Active Transportation Policies
Supporting Active Transportation Policy Overview of our approach WHERE? WHO? WHAT? HOW?
Supporting Active Transportation Policy DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES www.cancerview.ca/ preventionpolicies physical activity + built environment 22 22
Understanding the Canadian Policy Landscape DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES Building Capacity in Policy Analysis Risk Factor Jurisdiction Geographic Location Policy Type Policy Monitoring and Evaluation Facilitating Policy Diffusion 23
Links to Evidence & Active Transportation Resources DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES 24
Supporting Active Transportation Policy DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES
Supporting Active Transportation Policy DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES Engage target audience in new ways Canadian Municipal Active Transportation Policy Map Repackage existing content and add new information Capture information valued by target audience 26
Supporting Active Transportation Policy DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES 209 policies from the Prevention Policies Directory 123 policies from user submissions
Supporting Active Transportation Policy DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES Policy title and description Canadian Municipal Active Transportation Policy Map Link to policy document and additional resources
Supporting Active Transportation Policy DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES Canadian Provincial/Territorial Active Transportation Policy Map 43 active transportation policies
Supporting Active Transportation Policy DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES Policy title and description Canadian Provincial/Territorial Active Transportation Policy Map Link to City of Hamilton Policy Case Study Link to Prevention Policies Directory
Supporting Active Transportation Policy DIRECTORY POLICY MAPS POLICY CASE STUDIES www.cancerview.ca/policycasestudies
Let s use the tools! 00 32
Developing a Briefing Note on Complete Streets Your municipality s Board of Health is meeting next week Your Medical Officer of Health has requested your table develop a briefing note on Complete Streets 00 This note will support the Board of Health in making recommendations to Council on a complete streets policy for your municipality 33
Workshop Resources 00 34
Step 1 00 35
Step 1: What Policies Exist in Other Jurisdictions? 00 Visit the Prevention Policies Directory page in your browser: Type Complete Streets in to the keyword search, OR Type Active Transportation in to the keyword search Visit our Canadian Municipal Active Transportation Policy Maps page in your browser to view other policies in 36 support of Complete Streets
Step 2 00 37
Step 2: Provide Other Evidence in Support of Complete Streets Policy + Formulate Policy Options Using the information from the Directory/maps, as well as other sources of policy evidence provided 00 38
Step 2: Provide Other Evidence in Support of Complete Streets Policy + Formulate Policy Options Using the information from the Directory/maps, as well as other sources of policy evidence provided 00 Councillors on the Board of Health: - One of the Councillors is interested in improving road safety for cyclists - Two Councillors are interested in developing a more age-friendly city - Four Councillors have been involved in previous initiatives focused on increasing availability of infrastructure to support physical activity by community members - Three Councillors regularly commute and complain about traffic congestion 39
Step 3 00 40
Step 3: Develop Recommendation + Report-Back Share your Board of Health Recommendations 00 Comments/feedback on tools used to develop Complete Streets Policy Briefing? 41
Thank you for participating! Please complete your evaluation forms 00 @PrevPolicies michelle.halligan@partnershipagainstcancer.ca kendall.tisdale@partnershipagainstcancer.ca 42