11 th ASEAN Regional Forum Heads of Defense Universities/Colleges/Institutions Meeting 9-11 October 2007 Canberra, Australia TRANSFORMING PHILIPPINE DEFENSE AND MILITARY EDUCATION TO COPE WITH FUTURE CHALLENGES Commodore Carlos L Agustin AFP (Ret) President, National Defense College of the Philippines
Brief Historical Background 1957: SEATO War College in Philippines during SEATO Military Advisors Meeting in Canberra, Australia 1963: EO44 created the National Defense College of the AFP under CSAFP 1973: PD 190: NDCP authorized to confer MNSA and transferred from the AFP to the DND 1987: New Constitution affected leadership position 1999: Executive Order 85 created Institutes other than the Institute of Academics 2006: Philippine Defense Reform initiated 2007: New regulations issued; PDR Program started
Organizational Structure Academic Academic Board Board Board Board of of Admission Admission Office of of the President Office of of the Executive Vice President Strategic Strategic Studies Studies Group Group Financial Financial & Mgmt Mgmt Division Division Military Military Affairs Affairs Office Office PIO PIO ICTO ICTO Planning Planning Office Office Department of of Administrative Affairs Affairs Department of Academic Affairs Dept Dept of of Research & Special Studies Admin Division General General Services Services Division Division National Institute for Security Foreign Institute Languages Registrar Registrar and and Alumni Alumni Affairs Affairs Office Office Crisis Crisis Mgmt Mgmt Institute Institute Institute Institute for for National National Security Security Studies Studies Library/ Library/ Databank Databank Defense Defense Mgmt Mgmt Institute Institute
I. Introduction: The Strategic Environment and the Role of the Armed Forces II. III. Responding to Challenges Through Professional Defense and Military Education Conclusion: The Way Forward in Defense Education
I. INTRODUCTION: THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT AND THE ROLE OF THE ARMED FORCES Additional roles apart from territorial defense The 21 st Century ushered in a more complex and uncertain strategic environment Threats involve challenges from internal and external sources of instability
Internal security operations Counter-terrorism Disaster response Support to national development International humanitarian assistance and peacekeeping operations Others
Communist Party of the Philippines-New People s Army (CPP-NPA) Southern Philippines: Moro Islamic Liberation Front and the Bangsamoro Islamic Armed Forces (MILF-BIAF), MNLF splinter groups Terrorism: Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), Rajah Sulayman Movement (RSM) and Jemaah Islamiyah (JI)
CPP/NPA Personnel Strength, Firearms, Affected Barangays, and Guerilla Fronts (1978-1 st Sem of 2006) 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 1st Sem 06 Strength Firearms Affected Brgys Guerilla Fronts Source: J2
Delivery of basic services in rebelinfested areas Kalayaang Barangay (Freedom Villages) Program Performance of certain critical government functions Army Literacy Patrol System (ALPS) Military assistance for transport and security in certain areas Support to national infrastructure development Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Transformation of conflict-affected areas to peace and development zones Other services Conflict Resolution and Peace Building
Disaster Emergency Assistance Rescue and Relief Training (DEART) Assistance to disaster affected areas Search and rescue operations Transport of relief supplies Provide personnel and logistics to secure or evacuate an area
RIGHT HAND RIGHT HAND Poverty Underdevelopment Lack of Education Lack of Basic Services LEFT HAND LEFT HAND
MINUSTAH Haiti Troops: 157 UNMIT Timor-Leste Military Observers: 3 UNMIL Liberia Troops: 170 Military Observers: 3 UNOCI Cote d Ivoire Troops: 3 Military Observers: 2 UNMIS Sudan Military Observers 13 TOTAL AFP PERSONNEL DEPLOYED: 351
II. RESPONDING TO CHALLENGES THROUGH PROFESSIONAL DEFENSE AND MILITARY EDUCATION The possession of an extensive body of knowledge is central to the professionalization of a military corps. Samuel Huntington
National Defense College of the Philippines (NDCP) Command and General Staff College (CGSC) Air Education and Training Command (AETC) Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) Naval Education and Training Command (NETC) Philippine Military Academy (PMA) and other Pre-Commission Training Institutions
Policy and curriculum review: AFP Education and Training Board Review various education and training programs of the AFP (CGSC and other AFP and services schools) Identify courses and programs to address military needs and requirements Conduct of regular program and curriculum reviews DND Special Committee on Education and Training Review various education and training programs of the DND- AFP Identify courses and programs to address defense needs and requirements Conduct of regular program and curriculum reviews Ongoing Philippine Defense review (PDR)
National Security is the concern of all sectors of society, not just the military Whole-of-government approach Master in National Security Administration (MNSA) subjects: National Security Policy Studies Human Rights Development and Economics
First conducted in 2003: Four-week finishing course for generals and flag officers Objectives: Expose course participants to dynamics of national security and develop strategy formulation Enhance and develop power factors and dimensions in pursuit of national development Next CAPSTONE Course in November 2007
Other Approaches to Professional Education and Training AFP Education and Benefits Systems Office which provides scholarships for AFP personnel to pursue higher education Currently considering better integration of civilian professional education in planning, support and implementation of military operations and strategy Promotion of greater understanding of the government s holistic approach Consideration of human rights and CMO education as priorities
To address the need for greater human rights awareness within the AFP To integrate human rights education and training in all career and specialized courses for military personnel As a requirement for promotion within the AFP
Functions: (Established 2002) Ensure uniform training for Filipino peacekeepers and military observers Instruct personnel on roles, duties and responsibilities of UN peacekeepers Provide briefing on local culture and geo-politics in areas of deployment
United States IMET Joint Exercises: Balikatan, Piston Exercises, CARAT Joint Training: Light Reaction Battalion (LRB) Australia Educational exchanges and scholarships Joint Exercises: CARACHA, LUMBAS Other scholarships, training programs and military exercises with allied countries (UK, China, India, Japan, ROK, EU and ASEAN)
Strengthen linkage of education and training to the defense mission Institute comprehensive and system-wide reforms Create a strong, capable and responsive Philippine defense establishment based on the findings of the Joint Defense Assessment (JDA) Address current and future threats Foster a secure environment conducive to national development
1. Multi-year Defense Planning System 2. Improvement of Intelligence, Operations and Training Capacity 3. Improved Logistics Capacity 4. PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM 5. Improvement of Personnel Management Systems 6. Multi-year Capability Upgrade 7. Optimized Defense Budget and Improved Management Controls 8. Centrally Managed Defense Acquisition 9. Development of Strategic Communication 10. Information Management Development
Develop, integrate and institutionalize a comprehensive Professional Development System capable of sustaining organizational excellence and mission performance through significant improvements of essential education and training capabilities and character building mechanisms required for a professional defense force
Standardization of training, education and leadership courses Review and improvement of existing career systems Development of training cycles relative to career fields from recruitment to retirement Development of institutional certain critical areas
Critical areas where Institutional and individual competencies needed : Defense resource management Acquisition Strategic planning Multi-year budgeting Strategic communication Project management Change management Information management
Create a clear career path for defense civilian personnel, including up to USEC level Attract, recruit and train new personnel Establish a pool of researchers, specialists, analysts, strategic thinkers and policy makers Develop, implement and sustain individual programs geared towards national security and development
III. THE WAY FORWARD IN DEFENSE EDUCATION Harness the power of technology Active collaboration among defense educational institutions Robust Defense-academe/industry partnership
The officer of today must be far more highly trained than the officer of the past. -British Sec of War Lord RB Haldane (1856-1928)
Thank you and Mabuhay! www.ndcp.edu.ph