Tagung Normen für Industrie 4.0 Ingo Weber Siemens AG, Standard and Regulation Manager DKE dt. Sprecher IEC TC65, Obmann K962 SPS, I40 Steuerkreis ZVEI AG MES, DKE 931.0.2, IEC TC65/SC65E/JWG5 (ISA 95) IEC Convenor TC65/SC65E WG8 OPC, TC65/SC65E/JWG6 Device Profile 19.02.2015 Seite 1
Hauptanwendungsbereiche von OPC und OPC UA Zugriff auf dynamisch und statische Daten, z.b.: Prozessdaten, Diagnosedaten, Parameter, Konfigurationsdaten, etc. von PLCs, Sensoren, Aktoren, etc. Produktionsdaten (MES) Zugriff auf Archive (Historical Data) z.b. Messwertarchive Alarms & Events OPC UA Use Cases Zugriff auf Typinformationen (Beschreibungsdaten) Daten, Objekt und Relationstypen Modellen Informationsmodellfunktionen Objekte einfügen und löschen Relationen Verteilte Anwendungen HMI Clients und Automation System Server Kommunikation zwischen Komponenten z.b. Controller zu Controller Verwendung in Embedded Systems Seite 2
Motivation: Classic OPC to OPC Unified Architecture Scenario without OPC Application X... Application Y PLC DCS Controller DCOM retires.net New communication architecture Web Services (SOA) Better interoperability to Non-Microsoft platforms OPC Solutions (COM based) Data Access (DA) Historical Data Access (HDA) Alarms & Events (A&E) Seite 3 Display Application OPC PLC DCS Trend Application OPC Controller Better Integration (DA, HDA, AE) OPC Foundation: 2500+ Companies 15000+ OPC Products Information Modeling OPC UA New Features Change Structures Historical Events Programs More Areas of Application MES, ERP, Devices
Interface, communication and information model standard Interface and Communication Infrastructure Secure, Interoperable, Reliable High performing Platform independent Technology: Service oriented (SOA) Scalable: Runs on Devices, Controller, DCS, MES, ERP Small set of easy to use services 37 OPC UA operations vs. nearly 70 methods in OPC DA OPC UA Client Object OPC UA Client OPC UA Client Object Object Object Object Information Modeling Rich and extensible type model using object oriented techniques. Type model visible in Address Space Scalable: Supports simple and complex type and instance models Standards models based on OPC UA: MES (IEC 62264(ISA 95)) FDI (IEC 62769, IEC 61804) PLCopen (IEC 61131) etc. Seite 4 OPC UA Server OPC UA Server OPC UA Server OPC UA Server OPC UA Server
Additional features to classic OPC Information Model Type information Self description Object oriented method Method description including signature Method execution Extendable and changeable topologies, relations and data at runtime User, security, states dependent view and access rights Technology independent services Platform independent technology mappings Security features Profiles describe capabilities of OPC applications History of Events, Methods, Views, State Machines, File Transfer, Format for Address Space exchange, Graphical Notation, Seite 5
General Interface and Communication Model Client Server Model Clients initiating connections Request Response model Client requests data Servers responses the data Publishing model (based on request response) Client can get notifications from the server No broadcast mechanism communication always based on Client Server connection Multiple clients can get the same data No cause of transmission in the data Technology Mappings XML encoding and binary encoding Web Services and UA TCP Protocol Seite 6
Access to data and methods (1/2) Information Model (meta data, structure) Browsing and Querying Changing the structure is (optional) possible Reading (and optionally writing) meta data Current Data Read and Write (triggered by client) Subscribe to changes (exception based) Dead band, only real changes, no flickering Client defines what he is interested in No cyclic updates Seite 7
Access to data and methods (2/2) Historical Data (of Current Data) Read and Update, subscription only via current data Alarms and Events Subscribe to Alarms and Events Refresh Alarm state (via eventing) Optional read alarm state as current data + read / write Alarm configuration History of Alarms and Events Read and Update, subscription only via current events Method Methods are called by client and results returned to the client Complex processes can be modeled using Methods, current data and eventing (Programs) Seite 8
Services CreateSubscription() ModifySubscription() TransferSubscriptions() DeleteSubscriptions() Subscription CreateMonitoredItems() ModifyMonitoredItems() DeleteMonitoredItems() SetMonitoringMode() SetTriggering() SetPublishingMode() Publish() Republish() Runs on Session Can be transferred to different Session CreateSession() ActivateSession() CloseSession() Session Browse() BrowseNext() TranslateBrowsePathsToNodeIds() RegisterNodes() UnregisterNodes() Call() Cancel() AddNodes() DeleteNodes() AddReferences() DeleteReferences() Read() Write() HistoryRead() HistoryUpdate() QueryFirst() QueryNext() Runs on Secure Channel OpenSecureChannel() CloseSecureChannel() Frei verwendbar / Siemens AG 2014. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Seite 9 April 2014 Secure Channel Secure Communication Only lower level protocol dependent
Communication Architecture: flexible, supports multiple protocols XML Web Services SOAP/HTTP With UA Binary XML Web Services over HTTPS Native Binary over HTTPS Native Binary UA XML UA Binary UA XML UA Binary WS Secure Conversation SOAP 1.2 HTTP HTTPS+ HTTPS UA Secure Conversation UA TCP TCP/IP Profiles Each Server supports UA TCP and UA Binary Profile Reason to add Mappings: Support in Web Browser WS Secure Conversation not supported by Silverlight, Flash, HTML5 and very hard to add HTTPS natively supported Seite 10
Security Concepts (1/2) Authentication with different levels and topics Users Username / password, WS SecurityToken or X.509 certificate Software certificates for servers and clients Application instance certificates Authorization Enforcement of authorization is server specific Fine granular information in address space AccessLevel and UserAccessLevel Reading and writing of values and their history WriteMask and UserWriteMask Writing of meta data Executable and UserExecutable Calling methods Information not accessible is not visible to client (references, events, ) Seite 11
Security Concepts (2/2) Availability Minimum processing before authentication Restricting message size No security related error codes returned Integrity > Signing of Messages OPC UA Write: Variable X Value 1 Information and Functionality Confidentiality > Encrypting of Messages OPC UA Write: Variable X Value 1 Information and Functionality Auditability > Generating audit events for security related operations Seite 12
Standardized Information Models (1/2) OPC UA for IEC 61131 3 (mapping of software model) OPC UA FDI IEC 62769 (Field Device Integration) OPC UA for Analyser Devices (specific model for analyzer devices) OPC UA ISA 95 IEC 62264 (Integration of control system with enterprise system, MES) OPC UA BACnet (Building Automation) OPC UA for Devices IEC 62541 100 (generic model how to represent devices) Base OPC UA Information Model IEC 62541 5 (generic model, base types) Seite 13
Standardized Information Models (2/2) Seite 14
OPC-UA IEC 62541 Spezifikationen Project Current New New edition Edition Edition schedules Title IEC 62541-1 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 1 Overview and Concepts IEC 62541-2 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 2 Security Model IEC 62541-3 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 3 Address Space Model IEC 62541-4 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 4 Services IEC 62541-5 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 5 Information Model IEC 62541-6 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 6 Mappings IEC 62541-7 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 7 Profiles IEC 62541-8 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 8 Data Access IEC 62541-9 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 9 Alarms and conditions IEC 62541-10 1.0 2.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 10 Programs IEC 62541-11 CDV 1.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 11 Historical Access IEC 62541-12 Planed 1.0 2016-10 OPC unified architecture - Part 12 Discovery IEC 62541-13 CDV 1.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 13 Aggregates IEC 62541-100 CDV 1.0 2015-03 OPC unified architecture - Part 100 for Devices Seite 15
Übersicht Informationsmodelle (unvollständig) ERP, Basis Abstrakt / allgemein Konkret Typen Unternehmens ebene MES, Betriebseb ene OPC UA: Basis IEC 62541 MES IEC 62264 (ISA 95) P&ID IEC 62424 B2MML Life Cycle Management IEC 62890 MES KPI: IEC 62264, ISO 22400 KPI for energy efficiency IEC 62837 DCS/SCADA, (Prozess)Leit ebene PLC, Steuereb ene Feldeb ene Anlage Digital Factory IEC 62832 Data types and Class. IEC 61360 Units IEC 62720 PLC Programming IEC 61131-3 EDDL IEC 61804 OPC UA: for Devices IEC 62541-100 Field Devise Integration (FDI) IEC 62541 PackML KPIs Batch, BatchML IEC 61512 AutomationML IEC 62714 PLCopen XML IEC 61131-10 PI: I&M Profile LOPs (NE 100, eclass (ProList)) IEC 61987 PI: PA Profile Prozess Seite 16
Overview of (Transmitters and Actuators) Library Standards IEC 61987- Series IEC Committees Lists of Properties (LOPs) Content General Structures Fundamentals for Advanced Properties Flow IEC 61987-12 Pressure IEC 61987-13 Temperatur IEC 61987-14 Level IEC 61987-15 Measuring equip. IEC 61987-11 Density IEC 61987-16 Control valve IEC 61987-22 IEC SC65B/E JWG17 Control valve IEC 61987-23 Control valve IEC 61987-24 Actuators IEC 61987-21 IEC 61987-10 Horizontal Standard Other Aspects Signal adjustm. IEC 61987-32 Signal adj. IEC 61987-31 Aspects IEC 61987-92 Complete (IS) In CD Progress V Planned All properties are or will be stored in IEC CDD data base Basic Standards (Data model) Common Architecture IEC 61360-1/2 = ISO 13584-42 ISO/IEC Guide 77-1 Seite 17
Overview of Low Voltage Switch Gears Library standards IEC 62683 Series IEC Committees (IEC SC 17B) / IEC 121A Complete (IS) Lists of Propert Planned ies (LOPs) Classes Motor Starter Combinations Motor Protection Breaker Power Contractor a.c switch Power Contractor d.c switch Capacitor Contractor Combinations of Contractor Thermal Overload Relay Electronic Overload Relay Electromechanical Contractor Relay for Thermistor Inductive Proximity Switch Capacitive Proximity Switch Non Mechanical MagneticaSwitch Photoelectric Proximity Switch Ultrasonic Proximity Switch Rotary Limit Switch Foot Switch... In Progress CD V All properties are or will be stored in IEC CDD data base Circuit Breaker Release for Circuit Breaker Residual current Circuit Breaker Shunt Release Circuit Breaker Under Voltage Release Circuit Breaker Motor Operator Circuit Breaker Switch Disconnector Switch Disconnector Fuse Fuse Switch Disconnector Feed through Terminal Block Distribution Terminal Block Disconnect Terminal Block Protective Conductor Terminal Block Fuse Terminal Block Contactors, Starters Control Switches Circuit Breakers IEC 61987-10 Horizontal Standard IEC 61360-1/2 = ISO 13584-42 Switches, Terminal Disconnectors Blocks Product Families Fundamentals Basic Standards (Data model) Common ISO/IEC Guide 77-1 Architecture Seite 18
IEC 62264-1 MES function hierarchy IEC 62264 provides a standard terminology and a consistent set of concepts and models for integrating control systems with enterprise systems that will improve communications between all parties involved. It is not the intent of IEC 62264 to suggest that there is only one way of implementing integration of control systems to enterprise systems; force users to abandon their current methods of handling integration; or restrict development in the area of integration of control systems to enterprise systems. Seite 19
IEC 62264-3 MES KPIs KPIs Actual production rate as a percentage of the maximum capable production rate Actual versus planned volume Average machine availability rate or machine uptime First product, first-pass quality yield Hours lost due to equipment downtime Major component first-pass yield Manufacturing cycle time for a typical product Number of process changes per operation due to errors Percentage error in yield projections Percentage increase in output per employee Percentage of assembly steps automated Percentage of lots or jobs expedited by bumping other lots or jobs from schedule Percentage of operators with expired certifications Percentage of tools that fail certification Percentage reduction in component lot sizes Percentage reduction in manufacturing cycle time KPIs Production and test equipment set-up time Production schedules met (percentage of time) Productivity: units per labour hour Reject or return rate on finished products (parts per million) Reject-rate reduction Rework and repair hours compared to direct manufacturing hours Rework and repair labour cost compared to total manufacturing labour cost Scrap and rework as a percentage of sales Scrap and rework percentage reduction Standard order-to-shipment lead time for major products Time line is down due to sub-assembly shortage Time required to incorporate engineering changes Units produced per square foot or metre of manufacturing and storage space Warranty effort reduction Warranty repair costs as a per cent of sales Yield improvement Percentage unplanned overtime Seite 20
IEC 62837 Energy Efficiency Energiefunktionen auf verschiedenen Levels Seite 21
IEC 62837 Energy Efficiency Seite 22
IEC 62837 Energy Efficiency Seite 23
Integration von Informationsmodellen in OPC UA Inhalte Abbildung von: Instanzdaten, Typbeschreibungen, Sichten Bestandteile: Objekte, Relationen, Properties, Attribute, Datentypen, Methoden Realisierung Ausprogrammierte Klassen, Objekte, Relationen, Interpretation von Beschreibungsdaten statische Beschreibungssprachen nicht ausreichend Zustandsabhängige Beschreibungssprache ist notwendig, wie z.b. EDDL Zustandsabhängige Eigenschaften z.b. Wertebereiche, Hantierung, Darstellung, Kommunikation, etc. Zustandsabhängige Modellbeschreibung mit Konfigurationsregeln z.b. mit zustandsabhängige Relationen und Referenzen Methoden für Ereignisse, Datentransformationen, Konsistenzprüfungen, Gateway-Datenverpackungs- und Entpackungsfunktionen, etc. Frei verwendbar / Siemens AG 2014. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Seite 24 April 2014
Abbildung von Industrie 4.0 Komponenten Industrie 4.0 Applikationen HMI Applikation MES Applikation Maintenance Applikation OPC UA Adressraum Industrie 4.0 Objektmodel I4 Komponente 1 I4 Komponente 5 mit Industrie 4.0 Komponenten I4 Komponente 2 I4 Komponente 4 I4 Komponente 3 Kommunikation zwischen den I4 Komponenten Realisierung der Industrie 4.0 Komponenten durch OPC UA Server OPC UA Server in den Komponenten selbst oder durch Adapter in überlagerten Komponenten die einen OPC UA Server haben Adapter für Objekte I4 Komponente 3 I4 Komponente 4 Adapter für Objekte Seite 25 z.b. EDDL Komponenten- Beschreibung Kompo nente 1 Kompo nente 2 OPC UA Client/Server OPC UA Client/Server Kompo nente 5
Welches semantische Niveau wird benötigt IEC TR 62390 device profile Only partially existent State of the Art Note: (X) indicates that according to this property interchangeability may be given or not Seite 26
Vielen Dank Ingo Weber ingo.weber@siemens.com Seite 27