Sharing Experiences Donor Support for Anti Corruption in Indonesia 28 September 2005 Amien Sunaryadi Corruption Eradication Commission (CEC)
Indonesian History in Fighting against Corruption Year Name of Action Scope of Action Legal Basis 1957 Military Operation (Unstructured Actions) Military Commander Instruction 1967 Corruption Eradication Team (Prevention & Repression) Presidential Decree 1977 Disciplinary Operation (Prevention & Repression) Presidential Instruction 1987 Special Operation on Taxation (Prevention & Repression) Minister of Finance Instruction LEARNING Not enough in prevention measures, even though the mandates covered prevention measures Good only in the first several years, became corrupt after that Aimed at punishment only, not enough attention to the asset tracing (proceeds of corruption) Perceived to be used with certain interests Human Resource Management System was not for managing performance Financial Management System was not for managing performance 1997-1998 1998 Monetary & Economic Crisis 1999 Wealth Report Commission (Prevention) Law Number 28 of 1999 1999 Joint Investigation Team (Repression) Government Regulation 2003 KPK / CEC Law Number 30 of 2002 Mandates: Coordination, Supervision, Repression, Prevention, System Review 2005 President s Team for Fighting Corruption Presidential Decree Mandates: Coordination among president s teams
Fighting Against Corruption Resources Who doing what Anti Corruption Strategies Supreme Court Clean Judiciary Attorney General National Police Ministry of Justice Clean Prosecution Clean Investigation Clean Execution CEC Ministry of National Planning Ministry of Finance Ministry of Bureaucratic Reform Supreme Audit Board System Improvement Better Bureaucrats Better Legal Infrastructures Corruption Other Ministries State Audit Agency & Inspectorate Generals Clean Audit & Control System Professionals Academicians Chamber of Commerce NGOs & Interest Groups Anti Corruption Business Practices Anti Corruption Culture Watchdog, whistle blowing National & Local Legislative Clean Community Supervision
Fighting Against Corruption Resources Who doing what Anti Corruption Strategies Supreme Court Clean Judiciary Attorney General National Police Ministry of Justice Clean Prosecution Clean Investigation Clean Execution CEC Ministry of National Planning Ministry of Finance Ministry of Bureaucratic Reform Supreme Audit Board System Improvement Better Bureaucrats Better Legal Infrastructures Corruption Other Ministries State Audit Agency & Inspectorate Generals Clean Audit & Control System Professionals Academicians Chamber of Commerce NGOs & Interest Groups Anti Corruption Business Practices Anti Corruption Culture Watchdog, whistle blowing National & Local Legislative Clean Community Supervision
Fighting Against Corruption Simplification of Fighting Against Corruption Fighting Against Corruption using three generic strategic: Repression: investigation, prosecution, court examination, execution Prevention: system improvement to prevent opportunities for corruption Public Participation: involvement of all elements of the nation in various sectors Who Doing What? Each political & governmental agency, private & community organization works aimed at fighting corruption in line with their respective mandates and authorities National Resources Allocated to support each agency Important Things: Each entity should understand their mandates, limitations and anticorruption objectives Each entity should understand potential duplication and conflict of activities Each entity should understand the potential of wasting resources Each entity should consider TIME as very important resources Each entity should consider that collaborative activities are the best choice
Donor Support for Fighting Against Corruption ADB Who doing what Anti Corruption Strategies World Bank Supreme Court Clean Judiciary USAID AusAID Attorney General National Police Ministry of Justice Clean Prosecution Clean Investigation Clean Execution GTZ & CIM DANIDA DFID European Commission Ministry of National Planning Ministry of Finance Other Ministries CEC Ministry of Bureaucratic Reform Supreme Audit Board State Audit Agency & Inspectorate Generals System Improvement Better Bureaucrats Better Legal Infrastructures Clean Audit & Control System Corruption IMF JICA Netherlands Fund SIDA Partnership for Governance Reform in Indonesia Professionals Academicians Chamber of Commerce NGOs & Interest Groups National & Local Legislative Anti Corruption Business Practices Anti Corruption Culture Watchdog, whistle blowing Clean Community Supervision Other Donors
Donor Support for Fighting Against Corruption ADB Who doing what Anti Corruption Strategies World Bank Supreme Court Clean Judiciary USAID AusAID Attorney General National Police Ministry of Justice Clean Prosecution Clean Investigation Clean Execution GTZ & CIM DANIDA DFID European Commission Ministry of National Planning Ministry of Finance Other Ministries CEC Ministry of Bureaucratic Reform Supreme Audit Board State Audit Agency & Inspectorate Generals System Improvement Better Bureaucrats Better Legal Infrastructures Clean Audit & Control System Corruption IMF JICA Netherlands Fund SIDA Partnership for Governance Reform in Indonesia Professionals Academicians Chamber of Commerce NGOs & Interest Groups National & Local Legislative Anti Corruption Business Practices Anti Corruption Culture Watchdog, whistle blowing Clean Community Supervision Other Donors
Fighting Against Corruption Simplification of Donor Support for Fighting Against Corruption Each Donor is different: Mission, depends on each own mandates: democracy, governance, anticorruption, economic growth, human rights, etc Resources available: technical assistant, training, equipment, exchanging information, etc Time frame: short, medium, and long terms Amount: small, medium, large scales Channeling Donors deliver supports through the PGRI, then PGRI deliver it to appropriate entities. Partnership for Governance Reform in Indonesia (PGRI): founded by Government + NGO + Donors + prominent persons. Donors deliver supports through certain Ministries, then the Ministries deliver it to appropriate entities Donors deliver supports directly to the appropriate entities Each Recipient is different Each recipient entity has different needs Needs should be formulated and articulated accurately Needs always change dynamic -, then supports should be flexible enough Important Things: All of us should know: who giving supports to whom then for what activities to achieve what objectives Pride: each donor, each intermediary, each recipient and each activity has its own pride There is always a possibility that supports available are not match with recipient needs
Donors Support Matrix for CEC KPK Project manager Donors & substance Officer in Charge Commissioner in Charge D1 D2 D3 D4 SG Egi PGRI ($219,423) --- KICAC HR system, Basic ICT Integration of KPKPN, Public Com strategy Workshop: KICAC experiences Eko DR1 DR2 DR3 DR1 DR2 DR3 DR1 DR2 DR3 DR1 DR2 DR3 BR1 BR2 BR3 Egi Project Mgt Planning Reports Evaluation --- MTI Forum 2004 Ary Asia Foundation AusAID Via Forum 2004 ADB ($250,000) Legal Study Public access to Official Wealth International Conference SOP, training for SOP, additional ICT MOU development Jassin Narko As TR DR4 Tugimin --- Egi --- --- Ary EM WB ($350,000) Other WB ($30,000) DANIDA ($1,491,429) JICA ($34,000) Asia Foundation (Second) PGRI ($300,000) TA & Training for investigation TA for Building Relationship KPK - CSOs Donor funded project mgt DPRD & DPR & DPD programs Relationship with CSO IT procurement Computer forensic H/W, S/W, training Access to LHKPN socialization Monitor: Customer database Eko Roni Budi Jassin Roni UNCAC review Crash Program for Investigation Tomi? ERH SR/ERH done On going Preparation? ADB ($500,000)?? USAID Financial investigation ACEH Post Tsunami program Waluyo? LDF AusAID Advisor for investigation and training Tomi Rooseno? BMZ GTZ Corruption Info Clearing House BII
What We Learn Learning from Indonesian Experiences It is an effective and efficient way to have an independent agency such as Partnership for Governance Reform in Indonesia (PGRI). It combines and integrates strengths of public, private and civil society sectors Let the donors and recipients decide the most appropriate channel for delivering donor supports. Be transparent to each others: donors, intermediaries and recipients. It will create positive competition among them and will prevent negative competition Integrate all resources and strengths of public, private and civil society sectors aimed at fighting against corruption Activities for achieving all of those: Donor coordination meetings special for anticorruption for all entities, twice a year Donor coordination meetings for a certain key agency, twice a year Always communicate and share information
Contacts Corruption Eradication Commission (www.kpk.go.id) Amien Sunaryadi, 62-21-23508311, amien.sunaryadi@kpk.go.id Sujanarko, 62-21-23508363, sujanarko@kpk.go.id Partnership for Governance Reform in Indonesia (www.partnership.or.id) H.S. Dillon, 62-21-3902650 h.s.dillon@undp.org Sofie Schuette, 62-21-3902626 sofie.schuette@undp.org